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What it says on the tin. The Panic of 1857 briefly collapsed the industrial Northern economy and left the South comparitavely untouched, boosting the South's feelings that the North would be crippled without them and would give in more to their demands. So would a President Frémont have caused a Civil War? Unlike Lincoln, there were no explicit threats of secession, though there were several implicit ones. And, wel, he's a Republican.
By the way, the proposed PoD is to have Pierce be narrowly renominated and to have Frémont then eke out a victory in Pennsylvania and narrowly win Illinois.
Also, a brief explanation of why you voted the way you did would be cool.