George III, The French Civil War and Scottish Independance
George III of Great Britain, of the House of Suffolk -circa 1904-
Born in 1875, George Fitzroy was the only child of John Fitzroy, Duke of Suffolk (a bastard descendant of either James II of England or Edward VII of England, depending on which line was looked at) and Margaret Stuart of York, the last descendant of the York-Stuart line. He would have 7 siblings, all of which died either in the womb or shortly after birth. The Duke of Suffolk would die in 1890 at the age of 52 and his wife would die in 1891, at the age of 57.
George would marry in 1900 to Adélaïde Clotilde Xavière d'Anjou, youngest cousin of Henri VI of France (after his mother died in 1898, Henri chose to formally return to the title of King of France, rather than Emperor of Francia. This, he hoped, would be sufficient to end the anti-imperialist sentiment in France and, like all minor efforts to placate radicals, it would not be enough and civil war would begin in earnest during the summer of 1910, which would eventually pull the remaining monarchical powers in to suppress revolution, However, at this point in history, Henri VI was but the next ruler of the land with almost 300 years of his family's rule in it's history who was making a treaty through marriage with the soon-to-be newest royal family in Europe. And thus, the greatest match in Europe was begun.
Adélaïde Clotilde Xavière d'Anjou, Queen of Great Britain -circa 1902- (private portrait for George III of Great Britain)
The couple would begin their union with a series of parties, paid for by the ailing King, at which many scandalous things would occur. One such part involved the women and men drawing lots and the man with the longest stick and the woman with the shortest would have to lose something precious to them. At one time George actually lost and had his beard (though not moustache) shaven off and apparently liked the look so much he would keep it during much of his lifetime. Another one of these parties had the Duchess of Suffolk throw her stockings at the Earl of Pembroke, a well known homosexual who she had begun a friendship with.
The parties ended in 1902, when Adélaïde found herself pregnant for the first time and gave birth to Henry John of Suffolk. At this point, George chose to drop the surname Fitzroy from his name as often as possible, hoping that his future kingship wouldn't be tainted by illegitimacy (even though he was to gain it on his mother's claim). The couple would, together, decide that they should put forth a good family image in the hopes to not have the same issues that Henri VI of France had begun to face in France. And thus, the partying couple reimagined themselves as the sweet family, with a strong masculine figure, a kind but independant wife who led women's rights meeting on Saturdays and a healthy, bubbling baby boy. Adélaïde would refer to herself in public as Addy and 'Queen Addy' would remain her nickname until her death.
After the death of Kind Edward in 1903, the couple would rise to the throne in a short but extravagant coronation. Costs were kept as low as possible while still supplying spectacle and, in a moment immortalised by the papers, Prince Henry would run from his place of honour to embrace his parents towards the end of the event. Then, in 1905, the Prince was followed by a Princess, named Anne Beatrice, nicknamed Tricey (pronounced: trish-y) by the family. This continued the growing family, which was completed in 1908 with their final child, James Philip, Duke of York. Portraits were commissioned shortly after and 'Queen Addy' would make the controversial statement that she was to go on birth control, as to protect herself in future after a particularly difficult labour.
In 1911 George agreed to betroth his son to and take in Henri VI's eldest daughter, Victorie Louise de Bourbon. 3 years younger that the Prince of Wales, the girl was placed in Princess Anne's household and treated like her like the Princess' sister. Adélaïde went so far as to have matching hats made for the girls and put them in the same room in the Palace, which also gave the family an even more 'modern' look.
in 1913 George sailed with 43,000 troops to France, to support Henry VI of France against the civil war underfoot. He would stay 8 months and would leave 20,000 men under the orders of Edgar Foote, a general and former advisor to the late King Edward. With his help anti-imperialist victories ended entirely in 1916 and would capture Francois Martin, the leader to the opposition of the King. The army would return from France in 1918 entirely, shortly after the execution of 267 anti-imperialist leaders and supporters, including Marie Catherine Thomas, the owner and runner of Les documents de la Vérité (The Truth Papers), a series of letters and pamphlets meant to incite anger in the middle and lower classes.
In 1923 the Prince of Wales married Victorie de Bourbon, who was given the nickname 'Little Vicky' by the British public, a somewhat cruel nickname based off her height in comparison to the Prince of Wales' (he was 5 foot 1 inch in shoes, she was 5 foot 11.5 inches without shoes). However, she would acclimate well, mostly due to over a decade of living in London. In 1926 the couple would welcome the first of 4 children: Margaret of Wales. She would be followed by George Henry (b.1928), Mary (b.1931) and finally the short-lived Christine (b.1934: d.1934). After a miscarriage in 1936 Victorie would follow her mother-in-law's need and begun practicing in birth control.
The Princess Anne Beatrice would, in 1930, shock the family by marrying in secret a Portuguese businessman, Duarte Moreno, who would then bring her to Italy and the two would enjoy a seemingly blissful existence. However, they would never conceive a child and Anne would never again see her family, dying in a house fire in 1949 with her husband.
The Duke of York would, in 1940, marry Anne Quélen, a daughter of the Grand-Duc de Berri and a woman of some scandal, as she already had a daughter from a liaison with a married man. However, the Duke would not hear of anyone else and he married Anne, a union which resulted in a son in 1940, named Alexander James, and a daughter named Matilda Charlotte (b.1941). For a time, the rebellious attitudes of the younger children of George III seemed quite tame in reality, until the King's death in 1942. And so, in January of 1942, George III of Great Britain died at the age of 69, days away from his 70th birthday. And thus civil war, once a thing only in France, begun in Great Britain, as Scotland set to free itself from the oppressive and harsh grasp of what it perceived as the English yolk.
Scotland in 1942 was not much better than it had been in the late 1800s. Though agriculture had turned and thus even the poor were able to eat again, the series of French marriages and the support Britain gave to the French in the 1910s had left Scotland with the most casualties, as 12,000 of the 18,000 lost in France during England's involvement in the fighting. And one high official that heard their pain was the Duke of York. In the lat 1920s and the 1930s, he had travelled through the country, first to just visit the historical sites and enjoy local wine and women. However, after he had, by pure accident, been privy to the death of a young man due to illness caused by poverty, he began to look deeper into the country. What he saw left him sickened.
While the reality of 'Janet Put the Baby Out' was no longer the reality of the Scottish people, widespread poverty was still prevalent and, in an age of growing health standards and better living, 1 in 3 children didn't survive childhood and 1 in 6 pregnancies ended in miscarriage and stillbirths. Men and women worked 12 hour days, with men on the day shifts and women on the night shifts so that whatever children survived infancy were cared for. Even in the small middle class, there was very little actual comfort and, now certain types of birth control were made available for a price, certain couples were choosing to forgo the traditional large families for 1 child, maybe 2 if they were particularly well off. This was not a luxury for lower class families, who would have in many cases 10 to 12 children on average, with usually 5 or so children surviving. James, Duke of York would, in 1940, go to his father with his findings. However, the ailing George was not a man to change policy, particularly in his later years. And so, the young James left jaded and angry, marrying a visiting Frenchwoman (Anne Quélen) and returning to Scotland. What he was doing, to the shock of family after his father's death, was building a revolutionary force.
On the 18th of January, 1942, Scottish men killed English tax collectors across the country, ending with the deaths of 178 men. Over 1,000 other men were also killed, of those who represented English oppression. James positioned himself as a true Scotsman, carefully ignoring his mostly English background and French marriage. He proclaimed himself James X of Scotland and in 1943 had a cheap but public coronation, proclaiming to those there that:
"The Scottish man is powerful, strong and noble. I will not stand by as we are oppressed and mistreated. We stand as one and we stand as a great army, not to destroy with those who mistreat us but to be free..."
This stirring street allowed him to amass a force 13,000 strong, involving men and women in surprisingly equal numbers. And so, when a force of 3,000 English soldiers walked across the Scottish boarder, the forces met and they were defeated. Scotland rejoiced at their victory, but many elder peoples warned that more would come. And they were right.
In the following months, small forces from England came to battle the slowly growing Scottish army, which would end up with 27,000 men and women in 1946. All were defeated and finally, realising his brother would not return to reason and thus to his will, Henry XIII sent the last of his standing army (17,000) men to attempt to batter James and Scotland to defeat. The battle lasted 3 months and, after 3,000 men deserted the English army, Henry XIII agreed to treat with his brother. And thus, on the 29th of August, 1946, The 'Treaty of Scottish Independence' was drawn.
The war with Scotland and the eventual ending to it would be referred to as the 'Brother's War'. However, what was fought was not a mere domestic battle, but a full revolution to free an oppressed people. While the later economic prosperity of Scotland was the fairytale ending that many think was inevitable, without these battles it is more than likely Scotland would have remained the poor, broken end of England's Empire.