One of the lesser known but enthusiastic members of the Enlightened Despot Club, Charles first ruled in Italy where he respectively managed to make reforms to the country, become quite popular, but also acquitted himself well in the War of Polish and Austrian successions.
Now, it seems that the beginning of a Spanish nation-state is said to be tied to him as well, so the butterflies would stretch on even to the American revolution and probably the Wars of South American Revolution as well.
Though, it seems that after his death many if his enlightened reforms did not really stick. Still, with such a figure of history. What if he had stayed in Naples and Sicily? What if someone else had inherited Spain? Could he have been able to affect the Italian Unification and could his descendants have continued his ideals and reforms?