@Constantinople: As I said - for a long time, the (official) pope was residing in Avignon, being a puppet of the French king and not much more than a symbol for the united Catholic church. After France became a republic in 1763, he fled to Toledo (Spain), after the French conquered Spain in 1793 he went to Canterbury (Britain), and when Britain became a republic too in 1838 he fled to New Albion (OTL New Zealand).
The Seljuks went earlier into Europe, but also were kicked out earlier... I'd still say that a few more people than OTL became Muslims. After the reconquest they still had to flee or reconvert, so now there aren't very many of them left.
Until the next update (which will be about science from TTL 1800-50), here's a list of monarchs for the years until 1840. I bet you never heard of some of those dynasties... but that doesn't matter, because (well, almost) all of them either died out, or were toppled by republicans, or had to flee from foreign invaders!! Mwahaha and ha!!!
--
Kings of Scotland:
Estates republic: 1628-94
Conquest by England, end of state
--
Kings of England and Wales:
Stafford dynasty:
Humphrey I (*1602) 1647-82
Humphrey II (*1659) 1682-93
Humphrey III (*1683) 1693/94
Kings of Great Britain:
Humphrey III 1694-1766
Humphrey IV (*1717) 1766/67
Humphrey V (*1750) 1767-1825
Philip (*1777) 1825-38
Revolution, end of monarchy in Britain
Kings of New Albion (officially still kings of Britain, and whatnot):
George I (*1784) 1838-
--
Kings of France:
Dynasty of Berry:
Francois IV (*1601) 1605-81
Francois V (*1640) 1681-92
Francois VI (*1669) 1692-1740
Philippe VI (*1703) 1740-43
Charles X (*1674) 1743-49
Estates rule: 1749-63
Republic: 1763-78 and since 1799
Dictatorship under Boulanger: 1778-99
--
Kings of Spain:
Aliaga dynasty:
Alfonso XII (*1587) 1628/34-56
Maria (*1620) 1656-75
Monteleón dynasty:
Héctor I (*1646) 1675-1737
Héctor II (*1704) 1737-68
Héctor III (*1732) 1768-72
Francisco I 1772-91
Francisco II 1791-93 (+1799)
End of state, conquest by France
--
Kings of Portugal:
Linhares dynasty:
Fernando II (*1617) 1642-57
Manoel (*1646) 1657-94 (+1716)
Spanish kings:
Heitor I 1694-1737
Heitor II 1737-68
Heitor III 1768-72
Francisco I 1772-84
Declaration of the republic
--
Kings of Denmark:
Kristian II (*1624) 1644-65
Kristian III (*1656) 1665-1709
Kristian IV (*1689) 1709-15
Kristian V (*1714) 1715-88
Regency of Polish king Stanislaw: 1788-93
1793: End of state, annexed by Sweden-Norway.
--
Kings of Norway:
-1694: Part of Denmark
1694-: Part of Sweden
--
Kings of Sweden:
Erich / Erik XVII (*1615) 1636-72
Christine / Kristina I (*1643) 1672-1713
Christine / Kristina II (*1668) 1713
Erich / Erik XVIII (*1689) 1713-45
Johann / Johan II (*1721) 1745-1814
Erich / Erik XIX (*1786) 1814-23
Johann / Johan III (*1817) 1823-
--
Holy Roman kings and emperors:
Karl VIII of Bourbon/Hungary 1648-64 (emperor-elect since 1652)
Franz III 1664-81
Franz IV of Sicily 1682-95
Franz of Berry 1682-93 (anti-emperor)
Georg of Thuringia-Weimar 1695-99
Eduard II of Geldern 1699-1722
Ignaz of Nassau 1722-34
Heinrich IX of Brandenburg 1734-54
Franz V of Bavaria 1754-65
Ludwig V of Württemberg 1765-72
Stanislaus of Poland 1772-84
End of HRE
--
Kings of the Netherlands:
Eduard II (*1574) 1612-58
Eduard III (*1605) 1658-92
Geerard III (*1639) 1692-94
Eduard IV 1694-1722
Obotrite dynasty of Sweden
Erik 1722-45
Jan 1745-84
1784: End of state, annexed by France
--
Kings of Poland:
Stanislaw I of Opalinski (*1603) 1642-51
Lukasz of Opalinski (*1635) 1651-88
Francois / Franciszek of Hungary/Bourbon 1688-94
Jakub of Sulkowski (*1646) 1694-1719
Koniecpolski dynasty:
Stanislaw II (*1677) 1719-25
Aleksander II (*1709) 1725-62
Stanislaw III (*1738) 1762-1819
Stanislaw IV (*1797) 1819-39
Conquest of the state by Russia, end of monarchy
--
Kings of Hungary:
Charles / Károly IV (*1592) 1647-64
Charles / Károly V (*1620) 1664-74
Francois / Ferenc IV (*1624) 1674-1700
Francois / Ferenc V (*1657) 1700-12
Charles / Károly VI (*1684) 1712-70
Charles / Károly VII (*1717) 1770-1800
Sigismond / Zsigmond III (*1759) 1800-33
End of monarchy
--
Grand Dukes of Florence:
Giovanni III (*1624) 1638-66
Lorenzo III (*1630) 1666-88
Kings of Sicily:
Álvarez dynasty:
José (*1606) 1641-58
Francisco II 1658-88
Kings of Italy:
Francisco / Francesco I (*1640) 1688-95
Pedro / Piero IV (*1671) 1695-1716
Francisco / Francesco II (*1699) 1716-59
Francisco / Francesco III (*1730) 1759-70
Joaquin / Gioacchino (*1733) 1770-1823
Emperors of New Rome:
Alessandro (*1786) 1823-
--
Counts of Luxembourg:
Heinrich VII 1288-1320
Karel IV (*1295) 1320-58
Sigismund -> Hungary
Dukes of Luxembourg:
Jann I (*1338) 1358-92
Jann II (*1367) 1392-1415
Jann III (*1394) 1415-68
Karel V (*1427) 1468-1502
state reunited with East Tyrol
Luxembourgian counts of Limburg:
Heinrich (*1432 +1461)
Udo I (*1463) 1468-1548
end of state, inherited by Luxembourg-Tyrol
Luxembourgian dukes of Tyrol:
Karl I (*1398) 1415-73
West Tyrol:
Meinhard (*1424 +1469)
Karl II (*1450) 1473-1502
Heinrich IV (*1483) 1502-67
Heinrich V (*1515) 1567-1603
Heinrich VI (*1556) 1603-07
Heinrich VII (*1587) 1607- +1631
end of state, incorporated by Luxembourg-Tyrol
Görz:
Karl III (*1523) 1567-83
end of state, inherited by West Tyrol
East Tyrol:
Heinrich III (*1426) 1473-81
Karl III/VI (*1456) 1481-1511
Heinrich IV/VIII (*1489) 1511-25
Karl IV/VII (*1518) 1525-52
Karl V/VIII (*1551) 1552-82
Karl VI/IX (*1580) 1582-1660
end of state, divided up by Bavaria, France and Venice
Brabant:
Karl -> Brabant-Limburg
Karl (VII) X (*1645) 1660-74
Karl XI (*1671) 1674-94
Luxembourg returned:
Karl XI 1694-1724
Karl XII (*1702) 1724-50
Karl XIII (*1731) 1750-72 (+1815)
French conquest, end of state - forever!
Important events:
1415: Luxembourg and Tyrol divided.
1468: Limburg split off Luxembourg for Udo
1473: Tyrol split into West and East Tyrol
1502: Line of East Tyrol inherits Luxembourg
1548: Limburg inherited by Luxembourg-Tyrol
1567: Görz split off from West Tyrol
1583: Görz reunited with West Tyrol
16: Heinrich VII of West Tyrol deposed for complete madness; all Luxembourg lands united under Karl IX (VI in Tyrol).
1664: After the defeat in the Luxembourgian War of Succession, the righteous heir Karl X has to go to Brabant-Limburg, the last lands left to him.
1694: Luxembourg lands restored.
--
Dukes of Braunschweig(-Lüneburg):
In the South, Braunschweig:
Albrecht I (*1236) 1267-1280
Heinrich I der Wunderliche, Albrecht II and Wilhelm der Fette (the Fat) together 1280-1289
Heinrich I (*1266) 1289-1303 in Wolfenbüttel (older line)
Heinrich II (*1289) 1303-1309
Otto I (*1292) 1309-39
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Göttingen
Johann (*1294) 1309-19 in Calenberg
Johann II (*1314) 1319-53 (so, 2S)
Johann III (*1343) 1353-92
Heinrich (*1372) 1392-1423
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg
Ernst (*1346) 1353-1408 in Gehrden (older line)
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg
Otto (*1381) 1420/21 in Gehrden (younger line)
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg
Albrecht II 1268-1309 (+1333) in Göttingen
Heinrich (son of Heinrich I of Wolfenbüttel!) 1309-53
Otto (*1309) 1353-59
Otto II (*1338) 1359-98
Erich (*1363) 1398-1433
Heinrich (*1391 +1422)
Heinrich II (*1418) 1433-73
Heinrich III (*1450) 1473-1513
Bernhard (*1479) 1513-29
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg
Erich (*1454) 1473-99 in Seesen
Erich II (*1484) 1499-1532
Erich III (*1516) 1532-66
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg
Erich (*1421) 1433-70 in Northeim (older line)
Ernst (*1453) 1470-84
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Göttingen
Heinrich (*1342) 1359-1400 in Wolfenbüttel (middle line)
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Göttingen
Ernst (*1396) 1420-36 in Wolfenbüttel (younger line)
Otto (*1427) 1436-1504
Ernst II (*1459) 1504-19
Ernst III (*1489) 1519-69
Heinrich (*1518) 1569-88
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg
Julius (*1495) 1519-44 in Blankenburg (younger line)
Julius II (*1527) 1544-85
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (younger line)
Otto (*1463) 1504-16 in Blankenburg (older line)
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (younger line)
Wilhelm I der Fette 1270-1292 in Grubenhagen
Heinrich (*1290) 1292-1314
Wilhelm II (*1311) 1314-82
Erich (*1366) 1382-1441
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg
Wilhelm I (*1292) 1292-1326 in Einbeck (older line)
Wilhelm II (*1318) 1326-52
Heinrich (*1345) 1352-69 (see Lüneburg)
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg
Heinrich I (*1437) 1460-1517 in Einbeck (younger line)
Heinrich II (*1467) 1517-22
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg
In the North, Lüneburg:
Johann (*1242) 1269-1277
Otto II (*1267) 1277-1319
Johann II (*1296) 1319-69
united with Braunschweig-Einbeck
Heinrich (v. Einbeck) 1369-1408
united with Braunschweig-Gehrden
Ernst (of Gehrden) 1408-20
Ernst II (*1377) 1420-23
Ernst III (*1405) 1423-60
Bernhard I (*1433) 1460-84
Bernhard II (*1460) 1484-99
Bernhard III (*1489) 1499-1563
Ernst IV (*1520) 1563-71
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Hannover
Erich (*1526) 1563-85 in Hannover
Ernst V (*1558) 1585-1634
(continue under Denmark)
Important events:
1292: Einbeck (older line) split of Grubenhagen
1304-1309: Braunschweig War between Otto II the Just of Lüneburg and Albrecht II of Göttingen, who is said to be vying for the XXErbe of his 5 nephews.
1309: Calenberg split of Wolfenbüttel (elder line); Heinrich II of Wolfenbüttel (elder line) goes to Göttingen
1339: Göttingen inherits Wolfenbüttel (elder line)
1353: Gehrden (older line) split of Calenberg
1359: Wolfenbüttel (middle line) split of Göttingen
1369: Einbeck (older line) inherits Lüneburg
1400: Göttingen inherits Wolfenbüttel (middle line)
1408: Gehrden (older line) inherits Lüneburg-Einbeck
1420: Wolfenbüttel (younger line) split of Göttingen; Gehrden (younger line) split of Lüneburg
1421: Lüneburg inherits Gehrden (younger line)
1423: Lüneburg inherits Calenberg
1433: Northeim split of Göttingen
1441: Lüneburg inherits Grubenhagen
1460: Einbeck (younger line) split of Lüneburg
1473: Seesen split of Göttingen
1484: Göttingen inherits Northeim
1504: Blankenburg (older line) split of Wolfenbüttel (younger line)
1516: Wolfenbüttel (younger line) inherits Blankenburg (older line)
1519: Blankenburg (younger line) split of Wolfenbüttel (younger line)
1522: Lüneburg inherits Einbeck (younger line)
1529: Lüneburg inherits Göttingen
1563: Hannover split of Lüneburg
1566: Lüneburg inherits Seesen
1571: Hannover inherits Lüneburg
1585: Wolfenbüttel (younger line) inherits Blankenburg (younger line)
1588: Lüneburg inherits Wolfenbüttel (younger line)
1628: Double monarchy of Denmark-Braunschweig created
--
Dukes of Palatinate:
Ludwig II the Severe 1253-95
Ruprecht I (*1275) 1295-1327
Ruprecht II (*1299) 1327-52
Ludwig V (*1328) 1352-1401
split up:
Palatinate-Heidelberg:
Ludwig IX (*1355) 1401-30
Ruprecht IV (*1397) 1430/31
Ruprecht V (*1428) 1431-63
Ruprecht VI (*1460) 1463-89
(Simmern split of)
Ruprecht VII (*1485) 1489-1511
Ludwig XIV (*1510) 1511-62
Ludwig XV (*1537) 1562-68
Ludwig XVI (*1563) 1568-1624
Ludwig XVII (*1595) 1624-74
Ludwig (*1629 +1674)
Ludwig XVIII (*1662) 1674/94-1735
End of state, united with France or Palatinate-Neuburg?
French intermezzo:
Jean / Johann (*1720) 1735-44
Charles / Karl (*1725) 1744-56
End of state, united with Palatinate-Neuburg
Palatinate-Simmern:
Ludwig XIII (*1490) 1490-1567
End of state, united with Palatinate-Heidelberg
Palatinate-Sulzbach:
Ruprecht III (*1359) 1401-22
Ludwig X (*1392) 1422
End of state, united with Palatinate-Neuburg
Palatinate-Neuburg:
Konrad IV (*1368) 1401-38
Konrad VI (*1399) 1438-56
Cooperation of them: 1456-58
Konrad VII (*1426) 1458
Konrad VIII (*1456) 1458-1533
Konrad IX the Old / "da oide" (*1490) 1533-71
Konrad X (*1523) 1571-78
(Salzburg split of)
Konrad XI (*1556) 1578-1638
Franz (*1589 +1637)
Franz -> Franz I
Isabella (*1624 +1684)
Franz (*1648 +1692)
Franz (*1681 +1732)
Franz -> Franz III
Franz I (*1622) 1638-1713
Franz (*1655 +1680)
Isabella (*1657 +1730)
Franz (*1677 +1729)
Ruprecht (*1680 +1734)
Franz II (*1680) 1713-1765
Franz III (*1709) 1765-87
Franz IV (*1741) 1787/88
Bavaria-Salzburg:
Ruprecht VIII (*1560) 1578-1638
End of state, united with Palatinate-Neuburg
Dukes of Upper Bavaria:
Ludwig II the Severe 1253-95 (since 1275, also of Lower Styria)
Ottokar I (*1280) 1295-1347
Ottokar II (*1309) 1347-56
Cooperation of them: 1356-59
Bavaria-Munich:
Ottokar III (*1332) 1359-72
Ottokar IV (*1360) 1372-88
End of state, united with Bavaria-Ingolstadt
younger line:
Johann I (*1429) 1458-64
Johann II (*1460) 1464-1515
End of state, united with Bavaria-Deggendorf
Bavaria-Ingolstadt:
Ludwig VI (*1335) 1359-1413
End of state, united with Palatinate-Neuburg
younger line:
Ottokar VI (*1433) 1458-81
Ottokar VII (*1462) 1481-93
End of state, united with Bavaria-Munich
Lower Styria:
Otto V (*1343) 1359-1403
End of state, united with Upper Bavaria
younger line:
Ludwig XI (*1437) 1458-67
Ludwig XII (*1465) 1467-1544
End of state, united with Austria
Dukes of Lower Bavaria:
Heinrich XIII / I 1255-90
Otto III (*1261) 1290-1311 (1301-04 in Hungary)
Ludwig III 1290-96
Stephan 1290-1310
Heinrich XIV (Stephan's son) (*1306) 1310-66
Heinrich XV, Otto IV, Ludwig IV 1311-14
Bavaria-Straubing (older line):
Heinrich XV (*1284) 1314-23
younger line (now all of Lower Bavaria):
Heinrich XVI (*1339) 1359-84
(Landshut split of)
Heinrich XVII (*1367) 1384-1417
Konrad V (*1400) 1417-90
End of state, united with Bavaria-Munich
Bavaria-Landshut (older line):
Otto IV (*1288) 1314-32
younger line:
Ludwig VII (*1370) 1384-96
(Deggendorf split of)
Ottokar V (*1392) 1396-1470
Ottokar (*1420 +1464)
Ludwig (*1423) 1460 -> goes to Hungary
Otto V (*1451) 1470-87
End of state, united with Bavaria-Straubing
Bavaria-Deggendorf (older line):
Ludwig IV (*1291) 1314-19
younger line:
Ludwig VIII (*1394) 1396-1477
Heinrich XVIII (*1425) 1477-99
Heinrich XIX (*1457) 1499-1502
Heinrich XX (*1489) 1502-37
End of state, united with Palatinate-Neuburg
Important events:
1314: The first big split: Lower Bavaria divided into Bavaria-Straubing (older line), Bavaria-Deggendorf (older line), Bavaria-Landshut (older line).
1319: Bavaria-Deggendorf (older line) inherited by Bavaria-Landshut (older line).
1323: Lower Bavaria reunited as Bavaria-Straubing (older line) dies out.
1332: Lower Bavaria inherited by Ottokar I of Upper Bavaria.
1359: Bavaria split into the lines of Munich (older line), Ingolstadt (older line), Bavaria-Straubing (younger line) and Lower Styria.
1384: Bavaria-Landshut (younger line) split of Bavaria-Straubing (younger line).
1388: Bavaria-Munich (older line) inherited by Bavaria-Ingolstadt (older line).
1396: Younger line of Bavaria-Deggendorf split of Bavaria-Landshut (younger line).
1401: Palatinate split up into the lines of Heidelberg, Sulzbach, Neuburg.
1403: Lower Styria inherited by Bavaria-Ingolstadt (older line).
1413: Bavaria-Ingolstadt (older line) inherited by Palatinate-Neuburg.
1422: Palatinate-Sulzbach inherited by Palatinate-Neuburg.
1458: Bavaria split into Palatinate-Neuburg (younger line), Bavaria-Munich (younger line), Bavaria-Ingolstadt (younger line) and Lower Styria again.
1487: Bavaria-Landshut (younger line) inherited by Bavaria-Straubing (younger line).
1489: Palatinate-Simmern split of Palatinate-Heidelberg.
1490: Bavaria-Straubing (younger line) inherited by Bavaria-Munich (younger line).
1493: Bavaria-Ingolstadt (younger line) inherited by Bavaria-Munich (younger line).
1515: Upper Bavaria inherited by Bavaria-Deggendorf (younger line).
1537: Bavaria-Deggendorf (younger line) inherited by Palatinate-Neuburg (younger line), which becomes the main line.
1544: Lower Styria inherited by Austria (by contract, which also gave Salzburg to Bavaria).
1567: Palatinate-Simmern inherited by Palatinate-Heidelberg.
1578: Salzburg split of main Bavaria.
1638: Salzburg inherited by main Bavaria.
1674: Ludwig XVII of Palatinate-Heidelberg dies. His grandson, the heir, is only twelve years old.
1735: Line of Palatinate-Heidelberg dies out.
1765: Franz II dies without male heir in direct line, names the last successor of the daugther of his great-great-grandfather Konrad XI new duke.
--
Counts of Württemberg:
Ulrich II (*1254) 1265-79
Eberhard I (*1265) 1279-1325
Ulrich III (*1290) 1325-48
Ulrich IV (*1319) 1348-55
Ulrich V (*1346) 1355-92
Eberhard II (*1350) 1355-98
Ulrich VI (*1370) 1392-1420
Eberhard III (*1373) 1392-1450
Eberhard IV (*1375) 1398-1424
Ulrich VII (*1379) 1398-1439
Ulrich VIII (*1399, U6) 1420-36
Eberhard V (*1404, E4) 1424-80
Ulrich IX (*1431, U8) 1436-56 (+1488)
Ulrich X (*1428, U7) 1439-64
Eberhard VI (*1430, E) 1450-64
Ludwig I (*1457, U10) 1464-1503
Eberhard VII (*1461, E6) 1464-95
Ludwig II (*1485, L1) 1503-30
Ludwig III (*1512) 1530-58
Eberhard (*1514 +1565)
Eberhard (*1544 +1630)
Eberhard (*1576) -> Eberhard VIII
Ulrich (*1517 +1569)
Ulrich (*1548 +1629)
Ludwig IV (*1540) 1558-1620
Eberhard (*1544 +1589)
(Karl (*1573 +1604))
Karl (*1603 +1650)
Karl (*1631 +1682) -> Karl I
Eberhard VIII 1620-49
(Eberhard (*1610 +1639))
Eberhard IX (*1641) 1649-71
Eberhard (*1668) -> Eberhard X
Ludwig (*1670) -> Ludwig V
Karl I 1649-82
Karl II (*1666 +1757) 1682-94
Eberhard X 1694-1747
Ludwig V 1694-1727
Ludwig VI (*1696) 1727-72
Eberhard XI (*1701) 1727-71
Eberhard XII (*1696) 1747-49
Eberhard XIII (*1734) 1749-1800
Ludwig VII (*1728) 1772-1801
Ludwig VIII (*1759) 1801-16
End of state, united with Hungary
Important events:
1355: Double reign starts.
1392/98: Double reign extended to triple/quadruple reign.
1456: Ulrich IX removed from power for incompetence.
1480: Eberhard V, last descendant of Eberhard IV dies.
1485-95: Internal division into Württemberg-Stuttgart and Württemberg-Urach
1495: Ludwig I takes all power for himself, introduces primogeniture, making Württemberg a duchy
1511: Ludwig II inherits Styria, Carinthia and the titular rights for Austria
1515/46: Last descendants of Ulrich VI die.
1620: After the death of Ludwig IV, instead of his incompetent grandson Karl, his 2nd grade nephew Eberhard becomes new duke. He makes Württemberg a Grand Duchy.
1653/79: Last descendants of Eberhard III die.
1694: Karl II deposed, Eberhard X (his father is counted as Eberhard IX, although he never officially reigned) becomes new grand duke, together with his brother Ludwig V.
1772?: Württemberg becomes part of Helvetian republic, ducal family flees to Austria
--
Margraves of Brandenburg:
Otto IV (*1238) 1295-1309
Waldemar I (*1279) 1309-28
Heinrich II (*1307) 1328-80
Otto V (*1338) 1380-1410
Heinrich III (*1370) 1410-23
Otto VI (*1400) 1423-28 +1465
Otto VII 1428-60
Otto VIII (*1437) 1460-1500
Otto IX (*1470) 1500-07
Waldemar II (*1482) 1507-27
Waldemar III (*1505) 1527-41
Waldemar "Plutarch" IV (*1529) 1541-78
Waldemar "Cicero" V (*1560) 1578-1647
Heinrich IV (*1627) 1647-80
1680-1701: Collegial government of Sweden, Prussia and (1681 and since 1694) Franconia-Pomerania
Heinrich V (*1683) 1701-54
Albrecht IV (*1709) 1754-84 +1792
Important events:
1428: Otto VI deposed and replaced by his 3rd grade cousin who becomes Otto VII.
1507: After the death of (very bad) Otto IX, Waldemar II reigns instead of his nephews. "Golden Age" of Brandenburg starts (until 1680).
1511: Waldemar II inherits South Silesia by the Przemyslids.
--
Counts of Savoy:
Amadeus / Amedeo V "the Great" 1285-1323
Edward / Edoardo (*1272) 1323-50
Amadeus / Amedeo VI (*1300) 1350-54
Peter / Pietro III (*1329) 1354-1401
Thomas / Tommaso III (*1361) 1401-32
Thomas / Tommaso IV (*1392) 1432-68
Thomas / Tommaso V (*1449) 1468-80
Thomas / Tommaso VI (*1475) 1480-1506
Amadeus / Amedeo VII (*1463) 1482-1514
Humbert / Umberto IV (*1492) 1514-46
Philip / Filippo II (*1526) 1546-1603
Philip / Filippo (*1559 +1588)
Philip / Filippo III (*1589) 1603-31
Philip / Filippo IV (*1620) 1631-64
Philibert / Filiberto (*1627 +1653)
Philibert / Filiberto I (*1652) 1664-1705
Philibert / Filiberto II (*1681) 1705-13
Philibert / Filiberto III (*1706) 1713-79
Philibert / Filiberto (*1731 +1781)
--
Dukes of Pomerania:
Barnim I Dobry 1220-78
Barnim II (*1260) 1278-1341
Otto I (*1292) 1341-69
Kasimir III (*1323) 1369-79 (+1410)
Bogislav VI (*1326) 1369-85
Otto II (*1330) 1369-77
Svietobor I (*1355) 1385-88 (+1409)
Barnim III (*1361) 1388-1440
Georg I (*1394) 1440-69
Georg II (*1425) 1469-71
Barnim IV (*1453) 1471-99
Pomerania-Stettin:
Barnim V (*1480) 1499-1557
Barnim VI (*1514) 1557-62
Pomerania-Wolgast:
Joachim I (*1482) 1499-1559
Joachim (II) (*1517 +1544)
--
Landgraves of Hesse:
Heinrich I 1247-1310
Johann I (*1271) 1310/11
Herrmann II (*1302) 1311-50
Niederhessen:
Herrmann III (*1336) 1350-1411
Oberhessen:
Heinrich II (*1339) 1350-71
Otto I (*1370) 1363-1402
Otto II (*1396) 1402/11-22
Karl -> Hungary
Heinrich III (*1421) 1422-74
Karl I (*1453) 1474-1526
Karl II (*1487) 1526-61
Niederhessen:
Karl III (*1518) 1561-64
Otto III (*1549) 1564/80-1604
Oberhessen:
Heinrich IV (*1522) 1561-80
Philipp I (*1580) 1604-58
Niederhessen:
Philipp II (*1609) 1658-63
Oberhessen:
Otto (*1612 +1638)
Otto IV (*1637) 1658/63-86
Philipp III (*1667) 1686-1722
Otto V (*1700) 1722-78
Philipp IV (*1704) 1722-79
Philipp V (*1732) 1779-84 +1802
1347-1411, 1561-80, 1658-63: Division into Nieder- and Oberhessen
1432: Karl, younger brother of Otto II, elected king of Hungary
--
Counts of Nassau:
Walram II 1251-1276
Adolf I (*1250?) 1276-1330
RupVII (*1282) 1330-57
Adolf II (*1315) 1357-66
Walram III (*1343) 1366-94
Adolf III (*1346) 1394-1419
Kraft I (*1377) 1419-25
Adolf IV (*1406) 1425-51
Kraft II (*1434) 1451-1510
Kraft III (*1464) 1510-32
Kraft IV (*1496) 1532-45
Engelbert I (*1525) 1545-73
Engelbert II (*1556) 1573-1623
Ignaz I (*1585) 1623-49
Ignaz II (*1616) 1649-89
Ignaz III (*1648) 1689-1703
Ignaz IV (*1679) 1703-34
Adolf Ignaz I (*1712) 1734-77 (+1797)
Adolf Ignaz II (*1756) 1777-1830
--
Konrad IV
Burgraves of Hohenzollern:
Friedrich III (*~1220) 1261-1297
Johann I (*1279) 1297-1335
Friedrich (*1285 +1360)
Johann (*1317 +1363)
Friedrich -> Friedrich V
Friedrich IV (*1308) 1335-96
Friedrich V (*1346) 1396-1429
Johann II (*1388) 1429-61
Ansbach:
Johann III (*1417) 1461-69
Friedrich VI (*1447) 1469-1503
Johann (*1452) -> Johann V
Johann VI (*1479) 1503-51
Friedrich (*1482 +1529)
Johann -> Johann VII
Bayreuth:
Friedrich (*1421 +1455)
Johann IV (*1450) 1461-94
Johann V 1494-1531
Johann VII (*1513) 1531/51-86
Friedrich VII (*1545) 1586-1633
Johann VIII (*1580) 1633-56
Pomerania:
Friedrich VIII (*1587) 1633-42
United again:
Johann IX (*1619) 1656-81
1681-94: Collegial government of Sweden, Prussia
Friedrich IX (*1660) 1694-1739
Johann Friedrich (*1724) 1739-73
Friedrich Johann (*1752) 1773-93 (+1804)
--
Counts / Dukes of Jülich(-Berg):
Wilhelm IV 1219-78
Walram I 1278-97
Wilhelm VI (*1267) 1297-1349
Gerhard VII (*1298) 1349-68
Walram II (*1327) 1349-83
Adolf I (*1355) 1383-1409
Adolf II (*1386) 1409-75
Adolf III (*1418) 1475-77
Adolf IV (*1447) 1477-1506
Walram III (*1475) 1506-53
Wilhelm VII (*1502) 1553-76
Engelbert I (*1505) 1553-60
Eduard I (*1509) 1553-83
Reinald I (*1528) 1553-81
Walram IV (*1533) 1560-94
Reinald II (*1559) 1581-1603
Walram V (*1561) 1594
Engelbert II (*1564) 1594-99
Walram VI (*1592) 1603-51
Engelbert III (*1593) 1603-22
Engelbert IV (*1620) 1622-38 (+1693)
Walram VII (*1618) 1651-62
Karl (Engelbert) (*1625) 1651-77
Franz I (*1657) 1677-1711
Franz II (*1691) 1711-50
Franz III (*1723) 1750-73
Franz IV (*1754 +1799) 1773-84
--
Counts of Berg:
Adolf V 1259-96
Wilhelm I 1296-1308
Adolf VI 1308-51
Gerhard I (*1305) 1351-76
end of state, united with Jülich
--
Dukes / electors of Saxony-Wittenberg:
Albrecht II (*~1250) 1261-98
Johann I (*1277) 1298-1330
Albrecht III (*1281) 1298-1358
Albrecht IV (*1306) 1330-93
Erich I (*1310) 1330-71
Johann II (*1309) 1358-66
Johann III (*1337) 1366-1404
Albrecht V (*1340) 1366-89
Erich II (*1368) 1404-17
Johann IV (*1372) 1404-17
Erich III (*1399) 1417-30 (+1466)
Johann V (*1403) 1417-38
Heinrich I (*1432) 1438-83
Heinrich II (*1461) 1483-1543
Heinrich III (*1492) 1543-78
Heinrich IV (*1544) 1578-1619
Heinrich V (*1573) 1619-41
Heinrich VI (*1601) 1641-48
Magnus (*1606) 1648-85
end of state, reunited with Brandenburg-Silesia
Dukes of Saxony-Lauenburg:
Johann I (*1247) 1261-86
Albrecht I (*1273) 1286-1314
end of state, reunited with Saxony-Wittenberg
1381: Roman king Albrecht of Saxony has to resign.
1423-30: Erich III tries to get rid of his brother Johann V, until he's exiled in 1430. Otto VI of Brandenburg is also involved in a bad way.
--
Count Palatines of Saxony:
Heinrich III 1242-1265
Albrecht II 1265-1314
Diezmann I (*1283) 1314-37
Friedrich IV 1337-46
Albrecht III (*1302) 1346-81
Albrecht IV (*1336) 1381-89
Diezmann IV 1389-1403
(see below)
Margraves of Meissen, Lower Lusatia:
Heinrich III 1221-1288
Albrecht II (*1240) 1288-1314
Diezmann (*1264 +1289)
Diezmann -> Diezmann I, Friedrich -> Friedrich V, Konrad -> Konrad III
Friedrich V (*1285) 1314-35
Konrad III (*1288) 1314-32
Friedrich IV 1335-46
Diezmann II 1346-57
Friedrich VI (*1327) 1357-74
Diezmann IV (*1355) 1374-1403
Friedrich IX (*1384) 1403-61
Diezmann VII (*1416) 1461-95
Diezmann (*1444 +1493)
Sigismund (*1451) 1495-98
Friedrich XIV (*1447) 1495-1526
Margraves of Thuringia:
Heinrich III 1242-1265
Albrecht II 1265-1314
Friedrich IV (*1260) 1314-1346
Diezmann II (*1299) 1346-57
Diezmann III (*1332) 1357-1408
Friedrich X (*1364) 1408-45
Thuringia-Weimar:
Friedrich (*1396 +1427)
Friedrich XII (*1426) 1445-1512
Diezmann (*1459 +1505)
Diezmann IX (*1493) 1512-40
Georg I (*1524) 1540-1611
Georg (*1556 +1603)
Georg II (*1587) 1611-32
Georg III (*1618) 1632-1692
Georg IV (*1650) 1692-99
Georg V (*1681) 1699-1750
Georg (*1720 +1750)
Thuringia-Altenburg:
Diezmann V (*1400) 1445
Diezmann VI (*1429) 1445-79
Diezmann VIII (*1457) 1479-1546
Friedrich XVI (*1494) 1546-80
Friedrich XVII (*1533) 1580-1622
end of state, inherited by Weimar
Thuringia-Coburg:
Albrecht (*1403 +1427)
Friedrich XIII (*1461) 1479-1500
Friedrich XV (*1495) 1500-1589
end of state, inherited by Altenburg
Margraves of Mark Landsberg, Osterland:
Dietrich IV (*1242) 1265-86
Friedrich III (*1268) 1286-1319
Dietrich V (*1293) 1319
Mark Landsberg:
Dietrich VI (*1315) 1319-61
Friedrich VII (*1343) 1361-92
Osterland:
Balthasar I (*1318) 1319-84
(inseparable
Dietrich VII (*1363) 1392-1437
Friedrich VIII (*1366) 1392-1442
Dietrich IX (*1395) 1442-44
Dietrich X (*1424) 1444-1506
Wilhelm I (*1399) 1442-73
Balthasar IV (*1406) 1442
Balthasar V (*1431) 1442-81
Dietrich XI (*1460) 1481-1521
Dietrich XII (*1492) 1521-65 -> continue below
Balthasar VI (*1497) 1521-53
Balthasar (*1526 +1587)
Albrecht (*1556 +1590)
Balthasar (*1584 +1619)
Balthasar -> Balthasar VII
Dietrich (*1588 +1635)
Dietrich (*1623 +1654)
Dietrich (*1528 +1554)
Albrecht (*1531 +1618)
Ernst (*1534 +1613)
Ernst (*1566 +1628)
Ernst (*1597 +1669)
Ernst (*1627 +1651)
Balthasar (*1652 +1714)
Ernst (*1687 +1778)
Otto IV (*1463) 1481-1506
Otto V (*1496) 1506-30
Balthasar II (*1368) 1392-1423
Otto III (*1371) 1392-1420
united again:
Dietrich XIII (*1523) 1565-70
Dietrich XIV (*1552) 1570-1627
Dietrich XV (*1589) 1627-43
Balthasar VII (*1620) 1643-55
Balthasar VIII (*1649) 1655-1723
Balthasar IX (*1680) 1723-61
Balthasar X (*1713) 1761-68
Balthasar XI (*1745) 1768-86
Important events:
1265: Wettin lands divided between Heinrich III, Albrecht II "the Degenerate" and Dietrich IV.
1273: No third son for Heinrich III.
1288: Margraves of Meissen goes to Albrecht II, Lower Lausatia to Friedrich III.
1306: Lower Lusatia lost to Brandenburg.
1335/37: Most Wettin lands united by Friedrich IV.
1357: Meissen and Thuringia seperated between Diezmann III and Friedrich VI.
1392: Division / co-government of Mark Landsberg / Osterland. Leading to increasing chaos since 1437/42/44.
1445: Division of Thuringia into the lines of Weimar, Altenburg and Coburg.
1526: Mark of Meissen and Saxon Palatinate inherited by Thuringia-Weimar.
1529: Dietrich XII introduces primogeniture for Mark Landsberg, Osterland.
1589: Thuringia-Coburg inherited by Altenburg.
1622: Thuringia-Altenburg inherited by Weimar.
1643: Line of Balthasar comes to power in Mark Landsberg / Osterland
1750: Thuringian line dies out, inherited by Balthasar IX ("lucky bastard")
--
Dukes of Mecklenburg: (Obotrites dynasty)
Albrecht II the Great (*1318) 1329-77
Heinrich III (*1339) 1377-87
Albrecht III (*1341) 1377/78 +1393
Albrecht IV (*1362) 1387-1415
Heinrich IV (*1385) 1415-44
Albrecht V (*1411) 1444-68
Stargard sideline:
Johann I 1329-90
Johann II (*1338) 1390-98
Ulrich I (*1340) 1390-1416
Albrecht I (*1343) 1390-92
Ulrich II (*1396) 1416-25
Albrecht II (*1399) 1416-57
Ulrich III (*1421) 1425-78
Albrecht III (*1424) 1425-60
Albrecht IV (*1424) 1457/58
Ulrich IV (*1428) 1457-76
Albrecht V (*1453) 1460-98
Magnus I (*1455) 1476-1532
Magnus II (*1486) 1532-42
Magnus III (*1514) 1542-92
Albrecht VI (*1519) 1542-1601
Albrecht VII 1592-1600
continued under Sweden
Werle sideline:
Nikolaus II 1283-1316
Johann II 1316-37
Johann III 1316-50
Bernhard II (*1314) 1337-71
Johann IV (*1317) 1337-72
Nikolaus III (*1328) 1350-53
Johann V (*1338) 1371-78
Lorenz (*1342) 1372-89
Johann VI (*1365) 1378-99
Christoph (*1391) 1399-1453
Johann VII (*1418) 1453-1502
Albrecht VI (*1449) 1502-21
--
Dukes of Prussia
(Until 1522: Hochmeister)
Dietrich I 1522-65
Dietrich II 1565-70
Dietrich III 1570-1627
Dietrich IV 1627-43
Balthasar I 1643-55
Balthasar II 1655-1723
Balthasar III 1723-61
Balthasar IV 1761-68
Balthasar V 1768-86
Civil War 1786-94
end of state, conquest by Russia
--