alternatehistory.com

Premise: At some point during the 19th century the United States emancipated its slaves, but were unwilling to grant them citizenship en masse. Instead the freedmen were granted titular sovereignty in the form of geographically defined "nations", with their own reservations (on marginal land in the deep south), their own tribal councils and courts, and so on. The system was integrated with the existing Indian Office to form the Bureau of Negroes and Indians (BNI), within the Department of the Interior.

So...

Granted a POD anytime after 1776, how could this situation come about? Or is it impossible?

Could it last as long as the OTL tribal system, or would it break down due to the much larger population of blacks as compared to Indians?

What would be the ramifications for blacks, Indians, and whites? How would race relations be different from OTL?

What would be the broader effect on U.S. politics?
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