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The Mapuche Indians were able not only to defeat the Spanish in several battles, but to remain unconquered throughout the ENTIRE colonial era (they were beaten in 1880). Not only this: they were able to expand significantly their territory (in 1500 they occupied Southern Chile and Western Neuquen. In 1800 they also occupied most of the Pampas and Patagonia). So how can we get them to remain independent until the present day?