Very few of the things mentioned here are desirable -- no middle class, child labor, no automobiles... that makes it seem like the youth subculture is a necessary side effect of a livable country. It probably goes beyond that. If working at 13 is considered the norm, that keeps a lot of bad kids out of trouble, for sure, but it also makes sure that there are very few Americans with the basic science and math knowledge required for designing WW2 aircraft and radars or for pioneering the space program. The end result in 1941 is probably an America that looks more like the Soviet Union in terms of industrialization and innovation. Lots of obedient agricultural workers and only a few upper-class students who know the Pythagorean or binomial theorems. The end result in 1960 is that the nation's legions of unskilled laborers are viewed as sad victims of capitalism, as the more meritocratic Soviet state buries America on the ash heap of history...
Preventing a youth culture might involve lots of things that look good at first glance, but, in a free society, it's perhaps impossible to stop adolescent rebellion to a significant extent, especially if that rebellion is to be suppressed through work. Such a free society may well not be proud of its teenagers, but there are important benefits to be gained down the road. And I mean solid, obvious benefits -- yes, there may be opposition to some political moves, but there will also be a middle class, and there will be workers and thinkers capable of maintaining a technological lead against a competing culture.