That's interesting to think about. Society, or societies, would be pretty different. I'm not deluded enough to believe the world would be an egalitarian, peaceful utopia, but it'd be governed by different values. Monotheists tend to be universalists. They believe their deity is the only deity that exists - the others are either imaginary, or supernatural beings that aren't divine and aren't worthy of worship. This can cause them to become aggressive in spreading their faith.
With polytheists, there'd still be warfare, of course, it's part of our nature, but wars would be fought for different reasons. A Celtic, European nation might demand that Brazil stop its deforestation in the Amazon, for example; not because this activity damages the biosphere, but because their druids say they can hear the trees screaming as the foresters cut them down, and the gods have demanded that this slaughter be ended. The Brazilians tell them to stay on their own side of the Atlantic, and to mind their own business. And so the Europeans issue a declaration of war.....just a thought. I realize the Brazilians might not be monotheists themselves, in such a world. I just wanted to use Brazil's forests to illustrate what I'm trying to say.