Caracalla

WI: He had not been assassinated and continued to reign for at least a decade longer. Possible accomplishments, especially military conquests, since he was so popular with the army.
 
Heavier tax burden, more building activity, more massacres...

However, if he is not assassinated he would IMHO follow Crassus' path of being slaughtered in his Parthian campaign. After Caracalla's death the Romans acted rather carefully and got away with a black eye.

I somehow doubt Caracalla's ability to stop the Eastern rival in its track but instead fear a devastating defeat jeopardizing Roman rule in the East.
 
Let's see, Ardashir started his uprising in 211 and became shah in 226. A missed opportunity for the Romans? Caracalla's murderer/successor Macrinus made war on the Parthians, the war didn't go too bad for the Romans, but for some reason he decided to make peace.

Caracalla wasn't really the most competent (except in killing and tyranny), but maybe? At least he could've conquered Mesopotamia for some time and imagine he was the new Alexander, as he liked to do.
 
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