Lol. Using the term 'Pulling a Meiji' aside since it's utterly meaningless in any context outside of Japan and achieving economic parity with the West isn't a yes/no checkmark, this is horribly off. The Inca of our TL were very Roman in nature, in that they were quick to adopt any advances that they could get their hands on, usually from those that they conquered. If the Inca survive the initial Spanish invasions, then they're almost assuredly going to be scouting any Europeans that they can bribe/persuade/extort/settle to share Western knowledge as the Inca aren't fools; they know that the Spanish can fight disproportionate to the average Quechua soldier and are going to want this information. The Inca absolutely have the capacity to pull this off considering the difficulty of invading the Andes and having the means(gold and silver) to literally buy knowledge. This is likely to take form of a large cadre of pet projects of the Emperor in Cuzco/Quito for general knowledge, and in the battlefields, mines, and a select few ayllus that are repurposed for production for anything with military applications. End result, the Inca likely manage to reach some form of military parity with the European interlopers by the end of the 16th century on land. It'd go faster but dealing with plague is going to eat up a lot of the Empire's resources. Naval parity is a big question mark as the Inca may either settle with letting European traders dominate trade with the rest of the world, or balk at it and actively seek out trade with the rest of the world on their own terms. Unlike China or India, the Inca aren't producing everything they care for or sitting on ideal trade routes where all manner of goods flow to them naturally so the impetus for naval endeavors is there.
Now, having established that the Europeans(and likely the Chinese once knowledge of China spreads through the grapevine of sailors and traders that the Inca are likely courting) know much that the Inca don't as well as a trickle of goods that catch Inca interest from both the West and Asia, the Inca are incredibly unlikely to pull a Korea or Japan and go full Hermit Kingdom/Sakoku. Incredibly, incredibly unlikely. The continued need to keep tabs on the outside world(considering the likely presence of European colonies throughout the Americas and likely hostile relationship with Spain) means that the Inca will be playing catch-up and do something similar to what the 19th century Qing did, and that's to continue to buy up the latest and greatest. Unlike the Qing, the Inca aren't going to consider themselves above the rest of the world and are going to accept expats, opportunists, and adventurers that can be bought to properly implement whatever gets their fancy, be it French-style infantry formations and officer training, galleon/frigate construction and maintenance, agricultural tools, clockmaking, court culture, etc. This shit ain't Civ where you either have it as common knowledge all over your state or you don't, it's not as though something like steel metallurgy or gunpowder production was some widely known to the general populace in Europe.
Long story short, the Inca's unique position of being relatively safe from European encroachment yet maintaining some sense of siege mentality, a lack of something that they desperately desire from others, and a established tradition of adopting the knowledge of others means that the Inca are likely to develop an upper class intimately acquainted with European social trends in the aristocracy and a labor/merchant/bureaucrat strata that's familiar with many European innovations over the course of the coming centuries as capitalism propels the world into the age of mechanization and rapid technological advancement. If anything, the Inca are probably a source of some of these innovations themselves by the time this period rolls around and a significant power due to the centuries of fostering a society where there exists people whose mission is innovation. The Inca are too rich, too populous, and too stable(if they survive the worst of the Spanish invasions) to simply be irrelevant on the world stage for too long. Between the abundant source of most metals, niter, high agricultural output, large consumer base, some of if not the largest fisheries in the world, and the most robust and ambitious social safety nets in the world, the Inca would keep themselves at worst relevant, at best competitive, maybe even dominant within South America and the Pacific in the global economy come the Victorian Era or its theoretical equivalent
