Broken America: A Wikibox 1964 TL

[AdrianoChika]

President Glenn​

Throughout the presidency of John Glenn the US economy was in decline. The year 1978 was nevertheless quiet, with the impact McIntyre's death by creating a positive vision of the new president.

Since 1979, however the popularity of John Glenn began to fall dramatically. Inflation reached the highest numbers since 1947. The Iranian Revolution further worsened the situation Glenn.

Shah Reza Pahlavi and his family were forced to leave the country and apply for asylum in the United States, and after some reluctance the President accepted the request. Oil production began to fall, and the price of oil to rise. In retaliation for refuge of Shah Pahlavi in the United States, Iranian military seized US Embassy in Tehran and took several hostages.

At the end of the year the price of a barrel of oil had tripled, the Crisis Hostage seemed unsolvable and the popularity of Glenn hit abysmal numbers. In December, the President asked the people for their support through this difficult time and announced he would not seek re-election to a full term.

Iran has demanded the return of the Shah for trial in exchange for the release of the hostages. In February 1980 President Glenn ordered Operation Eagle Claw, which failed miserably, killing 20 soldiers and several civilians. The failure was seen as humiliating for the world and Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini saw the operation as an affront to his authority. Khomeini announced that the Shah was not sent to Iran until April 1980 the American hostages would be tried in his place and suffer the penalty for crimes of Pahlavi.

The first Glenn's answer was a resounding "we do not negotiate with terrorists," but public opinion and the delicate situation forced the President to review its decision. On 10 April Shah was taken to Iran and officially delivered to the government of Ayatollah and the American hostages were released.

A great and scandalous judgment of the Shah was made in Iran, which lasted several months. The whole world followed the death sentence handed down to the Shah Reza Pahlavi on 26 July. But the next day the Shah died of their cancer, escaping execution.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1980 Democratic Party Presidential Candidates​

After the announcement of President John Glenn saying he did not seek re-election for a full term, the two candidates were speculated the Senator Ted Kennedy of Massachusetts and Vice President Mike McCormack. At the suggestion of the party leadership, McCormack gave up to run for president to run for governor of Washington.

Once you have your name speculated in 1972 and 1976, Ted Kennedy finally announced that he would run the presidency of the United States. Two of the Kennedy brothers had been presidents. The majority of the electoral machine of the Democrats was supporting Kennedy.

The other candidates announcing their name against Kennedy were the Governor of Connecticut Ella T. Grasso, the first woman elected governor without having been the wife of a former governor, and the governor Wendell Anderson of Minnesota.

Democratic National Poll: December 20, 1979
Ted Kennedy 73%
Ella Grasso 16%
Wendell Anderson 11%

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[AdrianoChika]

1980 Democratic Party Presidential Primaries​

From the beginning the Democratic primary was expected to be a coronation of Ted Kennedy. Democrats knew that the fight in the General Election would be very hard and thought it best to keep your candidate for it.

Unsurprisingly Kennedy won the Iowa primary, as in Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts and Vermont. One by one Senator was winning all the states. In the middle of March the Governor Ella T. Grasso was diagnosed with ovarian cancer and announced his withdrawal from the race. A few days later Grasso won the primary in Connecticut. It would be the only state that Kennedy lost.

At the Democratic Convention Party joined by Kennedy, and his brother, Senator Bobby Kennedy, as a remarkable and exciting speech. Ted said he had invited the Governor Grasso as vice president if not for his cancer. Finally Kennedy chose his opponent in the primaries as VP, Wendell Anderson.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1980 Republican Party Presidential Candidates​

In 1980 the Republicans could see a chance to back the White House because of the weak economy and the recent crisis of Hostages. The most speculated name was Ronald Reagan, but he kept his promise to the voters of California and announced he would not seek the nomination. Another name that many hoped would compete again was the Governor George W. Romney, but he said that after 4 presidential election was too tired.

The first to declare his candidacy was the Senator from Kansas, Bob Dole. Dole was considered a candidate with little chance of winning the nomination.

The next advertising that would run was Senator Robert Taft Jr. Since its announcement Taft became the favorite in the race.

William Cohen, first-term Senator of Maine, also announced his candidacy for the Republican nomination. Cohen was only 39 years old and if elected would be the youngest president in history.

The last and unexpected candidate was the old Senator Jacob K. Javits of New York. Javits was 74 years old and the oldest candidate to seek the presidency in recent memory.

Republican National Poll: December 20, 1979
Robert Taft Jr. 42%
Jacob K. Javits 21%
Bob Dole 20%
William Cohen 17%

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[AdrianoChika]

1980 Republican Party Presidential Primaries​

The Republican primaries were more strained than the party expected, with almost routine insults and accusations. The front line for the nomination, Senator Taft, was criticized by his surname, as polls showed Kennedy an easy victory in the Democratic primary, his opponents complained of a clash between dynasties.

The ages of Cohen and Javits were also attacked, one being called the very young and the other very old. However throughout January leading Taft continued by a good margin nationally, but with a more modest margin in Iowa.

On January 21 to the surprise of many, Bob Dole won the state of Iowa. The end result was Dole 30%, Taft 29%, Javits 25% Cohen 16On January 21 to the surprise of many, Bob Dole won the state of Iowa. The end result was 30% Dole, Taft 29%, 25% Javits Cohen 16%. Despite the victory, Dole would not push to the next state, since New Hampshire would vote more than a month after Iowa.

During the month that separated the two primary three candidates have focused their attacks in Taft. A few days after Iowa former President Nelson Rockefeller endorsed candidate Jacob K. Javits, saying that he knew from the old days and was sure it would be best for America. Rockefeller died two weeks after a heart attack. On February 26 the state of New Hampshire voted and gave the victory to the New York senator. Cohen and Taft appeared evenly matched right behind.

No surprises on March 4 the states of Massachusetts and Vermont gave victory to Senator Javits. On March 8 Senator Dole won the South Carolina again by a tiny margin of less than 1% of Taft.

On March 11 the states of Alabama, Georgia and Florida voted. The first two were won by Dole. In Florida Taft achieved his first victory in a close fight with Dole and Javits. On March 18, Taft won Illinois by only 1%. On March 25 Javits won in Connecticut.

On 1st April two states were the votes. Bod Dole won easily his home state of Kansas. On the same day Dole achieved another victory, this surprising and tight in Wisconsin. At this time the Javits and Dole had exceeded Taft in national polls. On April 5 Dole won in Louisiana.

On April 22 Senator Javits won the state of Pennsylvania. On May 3 Taft won his third state, Texas.

On May 4 three states and DC voted. Bob Dole won in North Carolina and Tennesse, Javits won in DC and Taft won in Indiana, by a margin of 2% only. On 13 May Dole won the state of Nebraska and Javits pulled a surprise victory in Maryland. A week later on 20 May, Senator Javits won both states of Michigan and Oregon. The next day Senator Cohen suspended the campaign and endorsed Javits.

On 27 May three states voted, Idaho, Kentucky and Nevada. Javits won the state of Nevada while Dole won the other two. The next day Taft suspended his campaign.

On 3rd June, 9 states would go to vote, California, Mississippi, Montana, New Jersey, New Mexico, Ohio, Rhode Island, South Dakota and West Virginia. The results of this day define the winner between Javits and Dole.

The first states to be called were Rhode Island and New Jersey, both to Javits, as expected. In Ohio Javits won again and in West Virginia just pulling an unexpected victory. In Mississippi, South Dakota and Montana Dole won. The last and most expected state was California, but despite polls showed a tie, Javits pulled a victory of 8% over Dole. With the victory in California Javits became the presumptive nominee.

The Convention was seen as an attempt to unite the party after the bitter primary. It was expected that Javits chose Bob Dole as his VP, but both were at odds. At the end Javits chose Senator William Cohen. This was the presidential ticket with greater age difference in the country's history.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1980 American Independent Party Presidential Candidates​

The hope of the AIP in 1980 was to repeat the good result of 1976. Wallace was confident that he would be the man to lead the AIP again, and soon announced his candidacy, promising that this would be his last race for the appointment.

The governors and prominent senators AIP decided to skip 1980 and prepare to seek the nomination in 1984. Most saw as inevitable renaming Wallace.

Only two candidates have declared candidacy in addition to Wallace, Congressman John Anderson of Illinois and New Hampshire gubernatorial candidate in 78, Lyndon LaRouche.

AIP National Poll: December 20, 1979
George Wallace 72%
John Anderson 19%
Lyndon LaRouche 9%

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[AdrianoChika]

1980 American Independent Party Presidential Primaries​

The primary of AIP were from the beginning considered as the Democrats, a coronation to his candidate. Wallace was leading comfortably in the polls nationally and in almost all states.

On January 21 Wallace won the Iowa primary, but with a considerably stronger result than expected to Anderson and LaRouche. On February 10 Wallace achieved another victory, this in Maine. LaRouche exceeded 30% in Maine and research in New Hampshire showed a small lead over Wallace.

On February 26 LaRouche won in New Hampshire with 44% of votes. The momentum of victory gave him narrow victories in Vermont and Massachussetts a week later. On 11 March Wallace won the states of Alabama, Florida and Georgia, all with large margins.

On March 18 Anderson achieved his first victory in his home state of Illinois. On March 25 LaRouche won in Connecticut and Wallace in New York, both by a small margin. In Kansas and Wisconsin Wallace won a week later. Four days after Wallace won easily in Louisiana.

On April 26 LaRouche achieved an unexpected victory in the state of Michigan. On May 3 Wallace won in Texas. On May 6 the states of Indiana, North Carolina and Tennesse gave victory to Wallace, LaRouche won in DC. On the next day Anderson suspended his campaign and endorsed Wallace.

On May 20 Wallace won Oregon by a narrow margin and on May 27 he won all four states. In the great primary of 3 June when nine states would vote, LaRouche won only in Rhode Island, with Wallace leading the rest.

With guaranteed reappointment, Wallace began a search for his vice president. He knew that neither Anderson or LaRouche help you gain Illinois or New Hampshire, then soon discarded them. Wallace ended up divided between three candidates, Bob Mollohan, Leonor Sullivan and Orrin Hatch. After much deliberation, Wallace took into account that the Republicans had chosen Javits as their candidates, and decided to appeal to conservatives and Mormons choosing Hatch.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1980 General Election​

The beginning of the campaign in 1980 was strongly based on the actions of the President Glenn during the crisis in Iran. Javits and Wallace blamed the Democrats for the economic situation and the international humiliation.

Initial polls showed a leadership for Javits.

Presidential National Poll: August 20, 1980
Jacob K. Javits 40%
Ted Kennedy 36%
George Wallace 24%​

The situation changed in the polls when Senator Javits during his rallies showed some symptoms of disease, the newspapers soon began to speculate as Lou Gehrig's disease. The Javits campaign denied the information and said it was just tiredness.

Presidential National Poll: September 15, 1980
Jacob K. Javits 37% (-3)
Ted Kennedy 37% (+1)
George Wallace 26% (+2)​

The situation for Javits further worsened when two weeks later was unofficially released a medical report confirming the Javits disease. Some claims to exchange the candidate were ignored by Republicans, who knew the gravity change a candidate.

Luck Javits was that in the same week began the war between Iran and Iraq. Many blamed Glenn inability by increased tension in the Middle East. Nevertheless, Kennedy took the lead on Javits.

Presidential National Poll: October 15, 1980
Ted Kennedy 37%
Jacob K. Javits 34% (-3)
George Wallace 29% (+3)​

The last three weeks of the campaign were agitated. The Javits disease became increasingly visible, and much has been talked about Cohen be the real president in place of the old senator. When President Glenn said he hoped Iraq would win Iran and ended with the "revolutionary terrorists", many voters were afraid that a new Democratic government would lead the country to the middle of the war.

The Governor Wallace performed a considered revolutionary campaign for AIP. In the south he used his usual speech, but with the help of Senator Orrin Hatch he used a conservative speech in states traditionally Republican, unhappy with the 5th moderate followed on the ticket (and 4 times the named being a New Yorker).

Presidential National Poll: October 31, 1980
Ted Kennedy 35% (-2)
Jacob K. Javits 33% (-1)
George Wallace 32% (+3)​

The latest poll before the election showed a tight three-way race. This poll extremely worried Democrats and Republicans, feeling already from the fear of a Presidency Wallace.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1980 Election Night​

7:30

Chancellor: Good evening. I will accompany you during the coverage of this tight and probably historic election. We can call some state immediately. Governor George Wallace will win in Kentucky, Mississippi, Georgia and Alabama. We can call Indiana to Kennedy. Let's take a look at the results in Indiana.

21% Indiana: Kennedy 39% Javits 31% Wallace 30%

Brokaw: This is an extremely high result for Wallace in Indiana. Kennedy and especially Javits should be concerned.


8:00

Chancellor: Right now we have a few more states to call. Governor Wallace will be the winner in South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia.

Brokaw:It is important to note that Virginia was won by Romney at 76 '. Wallace leads by 8% in the state at this time.

Chancellor: Let's take a look at some states now.

3% West Virginia: Wallace 39% Kennedy 37% Javits 24%

2% Florida: Wallace 38% Kennedy 35% Javits 27%


8:30

Chancellor:We have a few more states to call. Governor George Wallace is the winner in North Carolina and West Virginia. Kennedy won the state of New Jersey.
Brokaw: Let's take a look at the Electoral Votes.

EVs: Wallace 86 Kennedy 30 Javits 0

Chancellor:It seems to be a bad night for Javits today. I just know that we can call a few states. Massachusetts, Delaware and DC give their electoral votes to Kennedy. We can call the state of Florida for Wallace.

Brokaw: Let's take a look at the map at this time.

Chancellor: And we have some really interesting numbers in the states.

7% Kansas: Javits 39% Wallace 37% Kennedy 24%

14% Maryland: Wallace 40% Kennedy 39% Javits 21%

11% Pennsylvania: Kennedy 42% Javits 41% Wallace 17%

10% Ohio: Kennedy 41% Javits 41% Wallace 18%

15% Michigan: Javits 43% Kennedy 41% Wallace 16%


9:00

Chancellor:We have a significant number of states to call now. Wallace will be the winner in Arkansas, as expected. Kennedy will win in Connecticut, Illinois, Minnesota, New Hampshire and Rhode Island. Javits, who had not won any state, will win the electoral votes of North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska and Vermont.

Brokaw:At this point the Governor Wallace still leads with 109 Electoral Votes, but Kennedy appears close behind with 102. Senator Javits until now has only 15.

Chancellor:Let's take a look at some states.

22% Kansas Javits 40% Wallace 38% Kennedy 22%

29% Maryland: Wallace 41% Kennedy 39% Javits 20%

29% Pennsylvania: Kennedy 42% Javits 41% Wallace 17%

21% Ohio: Kennedy 42% Javits 41% Wallace 17%

3% New York: Javits 40% Kennedy 38% Wallace 22%

7% Missouri: Wallace 36% Kennedy 36% Javits 28%


9:30

Chancellor:We can call some states at this time. Maryland and Louisiana to Wallace, Montana and Kansas to Javits.

Brokaw: Let's look at the map at this time.

10:00

Chancellor:A few more states are ready to call. Colorado, Arizona and Michigan were won by Senator Javits. Kennedy will win in Maine.

Brokaw:We have some interesting numbers in some states:

35% Pennsylvania: Kennedy 41% Javits 41% Wallace 18%

34% Ohio: Kennedy 40% Javits 40% Kennedy 20%

10% New York: Javits 39% Kennedy 37% Wallace 24%

10% Missouri: Wallace 37% Kennedy 35% Javits 28%

3% Utah: Wallace 43% Javits 39% Kennedy 18%

15% Wyoming: Wallace 40% Javits 40% Kennedy 20%

2% Idaho: Wallace 41% Javits 40% Kennedy 19%

Chancellor:Some of these numbers are much positive for Wallace. Mathematics is currently working against Javits, your chances of being elected president are low at this time.


10:30

ChancellorWe have several states to call right now. Javits will win his home state, New York. Wallace will win the states of Utah, Missouri and Texas. Let's look at the map at this time, where the Governor Wallace has 171 Electoral Votes, Kennedy 106 and Javits 101.

11:00

Brokaw:We have some important news. We can call the states of Wisconsin and Pennsylvania to Kennedy. We can call New Mexico to Javits. We can call Wyoming and Idaho, surprisingly, for Wallace.


11:30

Chancellor:We can call the state of Oklahoma for Wallace at the moment. Let's take a look at the map. Wallace 186, Kennedy 144, 105 Javits.

Brokaw:We have analyzed this time the chance to each candidate to get the presidency. First of all, Senator Javits, despite being in last place, Javits is the favorite to win in California, Nevada and Alaska, adding 51 EVs to its total. If the predictions are confirmares and Javits win these three states to win the presidency he would need to win Ohio + Iowa / Oregon / Washington. In the state of Ohio he is tied with Kennedy at the time, but the other three state your opponent is leading.

Brokaw:Senator Ted Kennedy, if he wins in four states where polls show him as the clear favorite (Hawaii, Iowa, Washington and Oregon), need only Ohio to achieve the presidency.

Brokaw:Wallace's path to the presidency involves not win any other state. George Wallace to become the first president of the AIP, he needs Javits and Kennedy win all the states where they are favorites to win, and Javits win Ohio.


12:00

Chancellor:We can at this point to call Iowa for Senator Ted Kennedy. Let's take a look at the state of Ohio, which will probably decide this election between Kennedy or Wallace.

72% Ohio: Kennedy 40% Javits 40% Wallace 20%


12:30

Chancellor:We now call the states of Oregon and Washington to Kennedy and the state of Nevada to Javits. With these results we can say that Senator Javits will not be the next President of the United States.


01:00

Brokaw:We can call the State of California to Javits this time. This result does not affect the chances of New York Senator.

81% Ohio: Kennedy 40,3% Javits 40,2% Wallace 19,5%

Chancellor:Recalling that Kennedy's victory in Ohio will give you the presidency, while the Javits victory give the presidency to Wallace.


2:30

Chancellor:We can call this time Alaska for Senator Javits and Hawaii for Senator Kennedy. The results in Ohio remains undefined.

94% Ohio: Kennedy 40,24% Javits 40,22% Wallace 19,54%


3:30

Chancellor: The night is almost over, but no one in the country can sleep. The result in Ohio increasingly becomes tighter.

98% Ohio: Kennedy 40,225% Javits 40,221% Wallace 19,55%


4:30

Chancellor: Viewers at this time the endless delay is over. We affirm the state winner of the Ohio and inform the nation what will be their next president. At this historic moment, we can call the state of Ohio for Senator Ted Kennedy. For the third time in our history has a Kennedy will occupy the White House. Good evening everyone.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1980 Election Result

​

This was the first election in which the candidate of the AIP was the 2nd in Electoral Votes. It was also the first time 1948 that the Republicans have not won in Idaho and Wyoming. This was also the first time since 1888 that a candidate with fewer votes won more electoral votes.

The change of less than 500 votes in Ohio would have given the election to George Wallace. This was the election in which the Republicans got the lowest number of electoral votes since 1944. It was also the worst percentage in history ever obtained by a Republican, and the worst percentage of one of the two major parties since 1924. Ted Kennedy was elected president with the second lowest percentage of votes in history, behind only John Quincy Adams in 1824.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1980 Senate Election​

In 1980 34 states choose their senators, 19 controlled by Democrats, 10 by Republicans and 5 by AIP.

In South Carolina Senator Ernest Hollings was the only Democrat important rest in your state. Rumor said that Strom Thurmond repeatedly asked for Hollings join AIP, the Democrat always refused. And in 1980 Thurmond used their electoral strength to defeat Hollings. And unsurprisingly the former governor Albert Watson won.

In Kentucky Senator Wendell Ford expected an easy re-election, but the governor of AIP elected last year decided to again enter an election. Governor Gene Snyder Governor had won an election only a year ago and his name was known and popular yet. Soon the polls showed a close tie between the two candidates. In the end however the Governor defeated Senator Ford.

In Missouri Senator Warren E. Hearnes, as well as Ford, expecting an easy reelection. But the candidate of the AIP, Gene Taylor, gained momentum in the race due to extensive campaign that Wallace did to win the state. On election day, Taylor won.

In Louisiana Senator Russell B. Long knew it would be the last Democrat in the Louisiana relevant if things continue as they were. Although settle in his last, he would not let overthrow him. When, as in Kentucky, Governor Lindy Boggs, elected last year, was announced as a candidate of the AIP and the polls began to show a tie between them, the eternal senator from Louisiana could not allow defeat. Striving more than any other of Southerners Democrats, Long spent the entire campaign in your state, moving away from Kennedy and dangerously approaching the thought of AIP. In the end, their strategy worked. It would not be that time we bring down Senator Long.

In Oklahoma Senator Henry Bellmon faced a difficult re-election against Andrew Coats and Mickey Edwards. The polls showed a tight three-way race, with a slight lead Edwards. On election day the polls hit and Mickey Edwards was elected Senator.

In California the former Senator Thomas Kuchel announced his retirement after five terms. The rumors that Reagan would run were soon denied. Jerry Brown, who lost the last two elections for governor, was a candidate for the Democrats and appeared as favorite in the polls. The candidate of the AIP, Barry Goldwater Jr. punctuated above 15% in the polls. On election day, the polls agreed on the winner, but the Goldwater vote almost reached 20%.

In Utah the old Republican Senator Wallace F. Bennett was again persuaded to seek another term. The old senator but had little chance against the candidate of the AIP, Ezra Taft Benson, who with the help of Orrin Hatch and Jake Garn, was elected.

New York Senator Javits not run for election because of the presidential campaign. The Republican was named Al D'Amato, while the Democrats after a bitter primary, named the New York Mayor Ed Koch. The research indicated that Koch would win easily, and that's what happened. But years later the Democrats would say that this victory was one of his greatest defeats.

In the end the Democrats had a net loss of 4 seats, the Republicans a net loss of 1 seat and AIP won four new seats. With 24 Senators AIP now controlled almost ¼ of the Senate.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1980 House of Representatives Election​

The 1980 election seemed dark for the Democrats. During the last two years the AIP will strive to bring the latest Democrats Southerners for your party or defeat them in 1980.

AIP also gained membership in states outside the South. In Illinois brothers Phil Crane and Dan Crane migrated to the AIP. In California Congressman Dan Lungren joined the party (beyond the AIP elected in the state two new Congressmen Duncan Hunter and Tom Metzger).

At the end AIP had a net gain of 21 seats (6 of them in Texas). Democrats continued as the largest party in the House with 159 seats, while the Republicans had 147 and 129 AIP.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1980 Gubernatorial Election​

In 1980 the governors of 13 states would be chosen. Democrats controlled 8 states, the Republicans controlled 4 and AIP only 1. Experts predicted that the outcome would be extremely favorable to the AIP.

In Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton, elected in 78 'by 0.1%, was the last Democratic governor in the Deep South. Polls from the beginning showed a large advantage for the former governor Wilbur Mills. It was no surprise that on the day of election Clinton lost his re-election, placing third.

In Missouri Governor Kit Bond could not seek a third term, the Republicans nominated John Danforth instead. Congressman Ike Skelton of AIP appeared in isolated lead in the polls, but Danforth could inherit the popularity of Kit Bond and then drew with Skelton. But Ike won the election.

In West Virginia Jay Rockefeller Governor could not run for a third term. Democrats named Clyde M. See, Jr., and polls showed a three-way clash with Staggers and Moore slightly forward. In the day of the election Staggers won by only 1500 votes.

In New Hampshire, 1980 candidates were the same for 78 '. The Governor Meldrim Thomson, Jr. faced Hugh Gallen and Lyndon LaRouche. This time, however, the result was different. Being a presidential election year Hugh Gallen was favored and managed to win. The most impressive however was the result of LaRouche, which exceeded 20%.

In Utah polls indicated a close fight between Jake Garn and Governor Scott Matheson, but with the strong presence of Orrin Hatch, besides Ezra Taft campaign, made it very likely a Garn win. On election day, Garn won, though with a smaller margin than expected.

At the end AIP had a net gain of 4 states. Currently the GOP controlled 20 states, and the AIP and the Democrats controlling 15 states each.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1981 Gubernatorial Election​

In 1981 only two states choose their governors, New Jersey, controlled by Democrats, and Virginia, controlled by AIP. In both states the governors could not seek a new mandate.

In Virginia the Governor Watkins Abbitt Moorman was extremely popular and easily would have been re-elected to the State Constitution allowed. The polls indicated that the candidate of the AIP, Pat Robertson, easily win the election. And that's what happened.

In New Jersey Republican candidate Thomas Kean won by a margin of 6% the Democratic candidate James Florio.

At the end the Republicans had a net gain of one state on the Democrats. Republicans now ruled 21 states, the AIP 15 and the Democrats 14. For the first time in history the AIP was the second party in number of governors.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1981 New York City Mayoral Election​

The election to choose a successor to Mayor Ed Koch was one of the most tense and disputed in the history of New York City. Since the primary parties tension was extreme.

On 19 May the Liberal Party chose Mario Cuomo as its candidate for mayor. Cuomo expected to win the Democratic nomination as well.

On September 8 other parties held their primary. The AIP had three candidates, Congressmen Roy Cohn and William Buckley and businessman Donald Trump. Trump was gaining visibility in recent years, especially in New York. The construction of the Trump Tower, which had begun two years earlier and was still in progress, and the Trump Plaza, made the Trump’s name recognized throughout the city.

When Trump received the news of his appointment said, "I love New York, I Love New Yorkers, I love you. Together we will bring the renewal of this city”. When a journalist asked if Trump was racist as other members of his party he replied. “I love black. I will be elected and will be the mayor who most worked by blacks in this city. I really love the black a lot. "

The Republican party had two candidates Rudy Giuliani and James Buckley (who does not follow his brother toward AIP). In a very tight race, Giuliani won by only 200 votes.

The Democrats had a tight three-way race between Mario Cuomo, David Dinkins and Bella Abzug. The initial favorite was Cuomo but Abzug gradually withdrew votes of his candidacy. To the surprise of many, Cuomo did not end up being among the top two candidates and was eliminated. By only 35 votes David Dinkins exceeded Cuomo.

In the runoff, although Abzug have won the first vote, David Dinkins got the victory and was the Democratic nominee.

In addition to these two candidates were nominated. James Buckley, after losing the Republican primary by 200 votes, won the nomination of the Conservative Party. And Frank J. Barbaro was appointed by the Unity Party of America.

The city was very divided in an election with six candidates. The research showed no clear winner and expert said that whoever was the next mayor would be elected by less than 1%.

Much of the campaign focused on primary divisions that have caused. Dinkins and Cuomo discussed daily, as well as Giuliani and Buckley. The polls showed a very tight race.

Mario Cuomo 20%
David Dinkins 20%
Rudy Giuliani 20%
Donald Trump 18%
James Buckley 12%
Frank Barbaro 8%​

Senator Ed Koch refused to endorse any candidate, and Senator Kennedy. The Republican Party, by contrast, has united around Giuliani. Trump knew how to choose the support only of those who interested him, having avoided receiving the support of the more extreme members of the AIP.

The country paid more attention in the election for New York City Mayor that for the gubernatorial elections that year. And after much waiting and tension, the result could not be more surprising.

For a lead of less than 600 votes Donald Trump was elected Mayor of New York City. His speech after the results stamped every newspaper in the country.

"I love you. I love every one of you who gave your vote to me. I love New York. They told me I would never win, but here I am. Donald Trump never lose. Never."

It was reported that George Wallace had caught a flight to New York City to congratulate Trump's election, a reporter asked Trump his relationship with Wallace and AIP.

"I love the AIP and I love George Wallace. But you have to understand that I also love the black. I have a great relationship with the blacks, even have kissed a few black girls. Unlike I can say that never kissed Wallace".

When asked about his political future Trump replied, "First I will make this the greatest city in the world."

 

[AdrianoChika]

1982 Senate Election​

In 1982 33 states choose their senators. 15 of these were controlled by Democrats, 12 by Republicans and 5 by AIP.

In Texas the popular Senator George HW Bush faced a difficult re-election against the candidate of the AIP Phil Gramm. Though very popular, the strength of the AIP was growing in the state more and more. Polls showed a close tie between the two. On Election Day, Bush won by less than 1%.

In West Virginia the powerful Leader of Majority Robert Byrd saw his domain in West Virginia go into danger. Day after day Byrd saw their numbers fall in the polls. After years, he was forced to go to his state to campaign for re-election. His opponent was the young son of the Governor Staggers. Byrd faced a fierce fight and the Democrats trembled thinking that they would lose their bastion in West Virginia. But in the end, Byrd managed to win a new mandate.

In Virginia Senator Harry F. Byrd was asked by Democrats to run for another term, and is considered the safest bet to keep the seat in Virginia. But seeing the research that showed him losing to any candidate from AIP, Byrd gave up for re-election. After the withdrawal of Byrd, the election was safe for Jerry Falwell, of AIP.

In Maryland Governor Harry Hughes of the AIP ran for the Senate to face Senator Paul Sarbanes. Hughes was immensely popular in his state and won the victory without surprise.

At the end AIP won two new seats and the Republican one. But the Democrats remained the largest party Senate with 38 senators, then the GOP with 36 and the AIP 26.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1982 House of Representatives Election​

In 1980 election to house would slightly favor the AIP, mainly due to the creation of new districts in Texas (where AIP gained 2 of 3) and Florida (wherein AIP won 3 of 4). The AIP has made some achievements in traditionally Republican states such as Nebraska and Kansas.

In the end, the AIP had a net gain of 10 seats, less than expected. Democrats remained as the largest party with 156 Congressmen, the GOP in second with 140 and AIP with just one Congressman unless the GOP had 139.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1982 Gubernatorial Election​

In 1982 the governors of 36 states would be elected. 17 of these states were controlled by the GOP, Democrats controlled 12 and AIP 7. Despite being a mid-term election, President Kennedy had a decent approval and the strength of AIP grew, experts said it would not be a good year for Republicans.

In Texas Republican Governor Alan Steelman appeared tied in the polls with former VP Lloyd Bentsen. The situation changed when the Democrats unexpectedly announced as its candidate former First Lady and widow of LBJ Lady Bird Johnson. The entrance of Lady Bird was seen as a desperate act of the Democrats to resume the government of Texas, as LBJ was still very popular in his state. Since its entry Lady Bird became the favorite in the race, and on election day won by a comfortable margin. Lady Bird Johnson became the first First Lady to be elected.

In Kansas the election was from the beginning a close fight between Larry Winn and John W. Carlin. The AIP invested in this election hoping that a governor in Kansas deliver the state in the presidential election of 84 ', as in 80' AIP lost Kansas by a few percentage points. The strategy worked and Winn won Carlin.

In Oklahoma the popular Democratic governor George Nigh saw his poll numbers fall with the entry in the young Don Nickles. Nickles was increasing its popularity during the election, and the end of October appeared in front of Nigh in the polls. Nigh tried to reverse, but in the end Nickles won the election.

In Iowa the favorite to was win the Republican Terry Branstad, but no one had predicted that Tom Tauke would have so much popularity in the state, removing a considerable amount of Branstad votes. At the end of the unexpected result was the victory of Roxanne Conlin.

In California everyone was eager to know who would be the successor to Governor Ronald Reagan. The favorite for the Republican nomination was George Deukmejian. But all polls showed Deukmejian losing by a wide margin to Democrat Tom Bradley. Due to the great advantage of Bradley in the polls, Republicans in California begged Ronald Reagan to run for a 5th term. Even the AIP announced that it would release any candidate Reagan to run for re-election to defeat Bradley. Reagan finally decided to get a 5th term, this episode eventually became known as the "Bradley Effect." Without a candidate of the AIP and the popular Reagan, the Republicans were favorites to win in California, but the chances of Bradley died when he accused Reagan of wanting to become a "governor for life" and being too old to rule.

In New York Governor Arthur Goldberg decided not to run for a 4th term. In party primaries, Mario Cuomo was the favorite, but many Democratic voters blamed him for Trump victory in 81 '. Cuomo eventually lost the Democratic primary to Geraldine Ferraro. Ferraro easily won the general election.

In the end both the AIP as the Democrats had a net gain of 2 states. This year four female governors were elected, a record. Now the GOP and AIP ruled 17 states and the Democrats 16.

 

[AdrianoChika]

President Kennedy​

The first year of Ted Kennedy was complicated and unpopular, mainly because the decadence economy inherited of President John Glenn. Nevertheless at the end of 81 'early 82', the country's economy began to improve, still bad, but the slight improvement increased the popularity of Kennedy.

Kennedy also grew in popularity due to their social measures. Kennedy struggled to modify situations that he considered unfair, promoting reform in early childhood education, mental health, disability discrimination, civil rights, etc. Kennedy tried unsuccessfully to discuss immigration. Kennedy also announced its most ambitious plan in 1983, the Universal Health Care, which became popularly known as TedCare. Analysts indicated that the TedCare would have an important role in the election of 84 ', as Kennedy promised to fight to approve its program in the House and Senate if it won a new term.

In foreign policy President Kennedy decided to remain completely neutral in the Iran-Iraq war, and not to engage in the growing tensions in Lebanon, as some advisers suggested. Kennedy kept the neutral country also in the Falklands War. The more external involvement during the first three years of the Kennedy presidency was the total fight against apartheid, including several impose economic sanctions, arms embargoes and threat breaking of diplomatic relations between the countries.

In 1983 the popularity of Kennedy was the largest since the Rockefeller in the begin of his 2nd term.

 

[AdrianoChika]

1983 Gubernatorial Election​

In 1983 only three states choose their governors, all controlled by AIP. It was expected that the party kept all states.

In Louisiana Governor Lindy Boggs easily won re-election. In Mississippi the governor could not seek a new mandate, and Trent Lott was elected to replace him. In Kentucky the former governor was elected Senator and Congressman Hal Rogers was elected the new governor.

No change occurred in 1983, the GOP and the AIP continued tied with 17 governors and Democrats with 16.