Historically, there have been quite a few anti-religion movements, mostly based in communist nations (USSR prosecution of Orthodoxy, Enver Hoxha in Albania, China, etc), but there has never been a nation that has waged war with the sole purpose of spreading atheism. In most places where communist governments took over, religion was prosecuted to some degree (compare Hoxha's Albania to the more mild GDR), but this hypothetical state could be socialist, capitalist or even feudalist. Was there ever a chance for such an atheist state to emerge, perhaps a more radical Enlightenment leading to an anti-theistic rather than deist elite?