An Age of Peace? – A 1966 Kaiserreich Sequel

chankljp

Donor
I just noticed but in KR gilbraltar is supposed to be Spanish, so why Germany took it (after WK2 I guess)
Ah! Yes, the situation in Spain and Iberia in general. Since I am already on a roll, allow me to give another wall of text overview of how things led up to the current point in 1966 since 1936, while also once again starting with yet another rant against an element that HOI4's version of KR botched when porting an actually well thought out the well designed element over from DH...


Right now, Spain is perhaps one of the least developed countries in the HOI4 version of KR. With the following meme originally shared by another user over on Reddit rightfully mocking the sheer absurdity of the way in which for a country that is even more dysfunctional compared to KR United States, having been torn apart by internal divisions and political radicalism for over a century, and have been on a decline since the Napoleonic Wars... It can somehow magically become a stable nation after a single free and fair election that everyone just somehow accepts peacefully... Even if one of the radical factions get elected, allowing either CNT-FAL or the Carlist to effortlessly enact their radical reforms in completely reshaping the country, and everyone else just sort of going along with it.

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Back in the DH version of the mod, however, maintaining peace as Spain is actually a lot harder then just calling for elections and allow it to take place in good faith... In fact, acting in good faith and allowing CNT-FAL and the Carlist to legally operate openly would be one of those 'high risk, high reward' options for royalist Spain. In that they will give you bonuses in helping you overcome Black Monday much faster (With CNT-FAL organizing worker cooperatives to put the unemployed back to work building public projects and taking over mining operations; While Xavier the Carlist pretender to the throne would use his overseas contact to form an economic bloc with other Mediterranean nations to support each other through the economic crisis)... However, merely calling for open and fair elections to take place after King Alfonso suffers a stroke would not be enough. Instead, you will need to avoid having the 'Social Breakdown' event from triggering by keeping dissent level below 35 at all cost before the election takes place.... Which is almost impossible for a player to achieve even when playing on the lowest differculty, and that the AI will always fail to do. Failing to do so means that even if CNT-FAL and the Carlist were not banned from the elections, there would simply be so much chaos in the country to the point that voting cannot proceed, resulting in the Spanish Ciivl War breaking out regardless, since the radicals would have lost patience with the government, and decided that this is their best chance at seizing power for themselves.

If you as the Spanish government have acted in good faith, but failed to prevent the social breakdown before the elections, you would have utterly screwed yourself. Since not only would you have wasted all your industrial capacity in a futile attempt to keep order in the country instead of building up your own military.... As it turns out, you were the only sucker who was foolishly acting in good faith. As it would be revealed that CNT-FAL have been using their 'worker cooperatives' and 'public projects' to secretly set up fortifications, as well as have their militias infiltrate all over the country in advance; While Xavier would have used his 'Mediterranean Economic Bloc' as a smoke screen to smuggle guns and military equipment into the country from Portugal and Spain. Hence, by NOT violently cracking down on the subversives, yet failing to keep the country stable enough for elections to take place, the Spanish government would find itself in a much worst position in the Civil War compared to if they had just given up on trying to keep the peace and be dipomatic, and prepared for a fight from the start.

This would have been SUCH an interesting and cool idea to explore in HOI4's version of KR. Of it not entirely subverting and deconstructing the usual 'Peace and compromise = Good', tendencies of the mod, but make it into something that the player would have to think long and hard about like an actual political leader would. Shame that this mechanic was not ported over.


Anyway, back to the topic on how Spain ended up losing Gibraltar, and look the way it does by 1966 in TTL:
  1. The Spanish government acted in good faith and made a genuine effort in seeking a peaceful accommodation with both CNT-FAL and the Carlists, but failed in the end in preventing a social breakdown. Hence, once King Alfonso suffered a stroke and fell into a coma, the Spanish Civil War broke out in January 1937, two months before the Second Civil War over in America.
  2. Just like with the Second American Civil War, the Spainish Civil War ended up as yet another proxy conflict between the Entente (Backing the Carlist), the Reichpakt (Backing the royalist government), and the Internationale (Backing CNT-FAL), and a 'dress rehearsal' for WK2 as all sides tested out their latest weponds and doctrines in combat conditions via the side that they backed.
  3. During the fighting the Spanish capital of Madrid would have fallen and changed hands multiple times in the first 3 months of the conflict alone. With historical landmarks such as the Royal Palace and the Prado Museum getting utterly pillaged and burned down by one side or another (Both a reflection on something that I have observed in gameplay, as well as a deliberately subversion of OTL's 'No pasarán!' ('They shall not pass!') rallying cry for the defense of Madrid by the Republicans... By having everyone declaring 'Hemos pasado!' ('We have passed!') one point or another until it became meaningless... Since it would likely be a matter of days before another faction would be in control of the city instead.
  4. By the sixth month of the fighting, out of desperation, Xavier came up with devious plan: Assassinating both the still bed ridden King Alfonso and his regent, Crown Prince Juan III. Under the reasoning that this will both throw the loyalist government into chaos, as well as to clear the road for Xavier become king. And that with a true heir to the throne, the loyalist would no longer see a point in fighting, and give in to Xavier in order to stop the anarcho-syndicalists.
  5. The plan worked, with both the king and the crown prince slain. But instead of giving in, the loyalist merely rallied under a military junta led by General Francisco Franco, with him being declared as regent instead to continue the fight.
  6. However, realizing the the loyalist cause is doomed, instead of fighting it out to the bitter end, Franco made plans to set up a Spanish goverment-in-exile at the Canary Islands. Having his troop put up a desperate fighting retreat in order to buy time allowing for as many resources, materials, gold, and manpower to be evacuated to the Canaries as possible, before fully abandoning the Spanish Mainland, with both CNT-FAL and the Carlist quickly rushing in to seize the now undefended loyalist lands.
  7. With the retreat of the loyalist Spanish government, Germany authorized both the Moroccans and the Mittelafrikan colonial government to seize all the remaining Spanish territories in Africa.
  8. As for Gibraltar, the port was taken over by the CNT-FAI forces. Not waiting to see the anarcho-syndicalists controlling the means to block off the vital sea lanes allowing for passage into the Mediterranean Sea, Germany launched an special military operation to capture Gibraltar.... Their transport ships, however, were spotted by the French Communard's People's Liberation Navy, who passed on their movements to their CNT FAL comrades.
  9. CNT-FAL positioned a large number of veteran militia units to defend Gibraltar, supported by a few 'volunteer' elite Communard marine units with naval support. The Germans launched their operation anyway.... Only to end up getting humilated and pushed back into the sea.
  10. CNT-FAL emerged victorious in the Spanish Civil War, reforming the country into the 'Iberian Federation'. Sweeping the coutry in a wave of Red Terror much like the Republicans did in OTL's Spanish Civil War. With the desecration and burning of monasteries and churches, the mass killings of members of nobility, business owners, and Catholic clergy in 'Revolutionary courts', etc.
(TBC)
 
So…Franco is basically going to be the Spanish Charles Degaulle isn’t he? I can see how they get the Kingdom of Spain too: The French in Algeria need to get into the war and instead of banging against France on their first blood, why not go after the Weak Underbelly of Spain, with a Unestablished Goverment and half of the population guaranteed to meet them as liberators

One thing on Lawrence: isn’t his restoration actually working against the goal of peace? After all, wouldn’t it of been much better if he’d just teamed up with say the Autonimists and managed to get a peaceful resolution instead of plunging the country into a massive invasion? Or was it that the rest of the army would not of allowed that?
 
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1966 Indochina would have four options going forward:
I feel like the best option for the Indo Chinese union would be 1-3 together since it provides enough flexibility for them to not be dominated by the larger power considering how modern Vietnam is equally as prosperous as China
 

pls don't ban me

Monthly Donor
Ah. The Balkans. The current situation on the map makes perfect sense as a result of a complex and convoluted chain of events as befitting the Balkans that would make a future secondary school student studying for a history exam weep. Allow me to explain:

  1. After the end of WK1, as I am sure we all know, Bulgaria, as a member of the victorious Central Powers, was rewarded with lands from all of their neighbours, allowing them to form the dreams of a 'Greater Bulgaria'... But in the process, not only getting themselves in even worst shape compared to before the war due to being overextended, but also earning the hatred of all those around them by taking their lands...
  2. When Black Monday hits and much of Europe is busy with their own domestic economic problems, under Serbia's initiative, the Belgrade Pact was formed. With both Romania and Greece joining in. The goal of the Pact was simple: Revenge upon Bulgaria and to liberate the lands stolen from them.
  3. With the Great Powers of the former Central Powers too distracted with Black Monday as well as other matters flaring up all across the world, their reaction to the formation of Belgrade Pact and its aggressive, revanchist agenda were limited at best. With Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottomans only issuing diplomatic condemnations, and enacting an arms embargo against Pact's member, as well as sending in outdated surplus arms to Bulgaria, but otherwise staying out of the conflict. In the case of Germany, this was also partly motivated by them being so collectively traumatized by WK1 that they don't want to get involved in anything to do with Balkan affairs ever again.
  4. The Fourth Balkan War ended with a total victory for the Belgrade Pact. With them overcoming the international arms embargo by tying down the bulk of Bulgarian forces in defensive position, while rushing troops though gaps in the line forward in a lighting campaign. With the capital of Sofia itself under threat, Bulgaria had to sign a humiliating peace treaty that saw the utter dismantling of 'Greater Bulgaria'. With them losing every single inch of land that they had gained in WK1. Together with the Finland breaking free from German influence and forming a republic, and the Indochinese Revolution, Germany's inability or unwillingness to defend a former ally was another factor contributing to the likes of Russia and the Internationale concluding that Germany, for all its imperial grandeur, is nothing but a giant with a feet of clay....
  5. Within Bulgaria, the nation would be in a state of shock after this national catastrophe. Having just recently implemented the Royal Dictatorship, Tsar Ferdinand I would take full responsibility for the defear and abdicate in favor of his son, Tsar Boris III... Who quickly restored the constitution and drop the entire Royal Dictatorship business, putting the country back on the Constitutionalist path while licking the wounds....
  6. Meanwhile, within Belgrade Pact, Greece found itself as sort of the odd one out of the bunch now that they have accomplished the goal of reclaiming their lands from Bulgaria. In that while like the others, Greece was also a country that got screwed over during WK1, unlike the others, the country is a democracy. Compared to Serbia and Romania, both of which have fallen into despotism, with their victory in the Fourth Balkan War only encouraged their nationalistic tendencies into becoming full-on NatPop regimes, with the Iron Guard taking over in the latter.
  7. Hence, when Serbia called for a conference with the other Belgrade Pact members, Greece expected it to be about trade and economic cooperation.... Instead, they were shocked once the other started going on about invading the newly formed Danubian Federation, to unite all the Southern Slavs currently Hungarian rule under a single banner and to destroy the Habsburgs once and for all, since they are convinced that even with the reforms, the Danubian Federation is nothing but a rotting edifies that cannot last. having no interests in this and already having reclaimed their lands (As well as, you know, Greeks being Hellenic and not Southern Slavs), Greece exiting the Belgrade Pact, and declaring armed neutrality, focusing their attention back to much more pressing domestic issues.
  8. The republican Greek government emerged from the Fourth Balkan War weakened. While they did managed to reclaim the lands that were lost in WK2, their focus on the war delayed the economic recovery from Black Monday, resulting in lots of discontent within the nation even with the popularity they gained from the war. Hence, when the referendum was held to determine if the country should restore its monarchy... The Monarchist managed to narrowly win, with the restoration of King Alexandros to the throne (The KR world's PoD meant that the monkey bite that killed him in OTL never happened). Under a moderate constitutional monarchy that reconciled with the Republicans as best as they can, but with the king serving as a strong executive with the right to veto bills from the parliament.
  9. While the referendum was done cleanly and without manipulation, the socialists, under encouragement and support from the CoF, and taking inspiration from their CSA comrades over in America, accused the vote as being rigged, and launched a revolution, starting the Greek Civil War. And much like Jack Reed and the CSA, they way overestimated their popular support, resulting in a total socialist defeat, with the constitutional monarchy now more secured than ever. Now focusing on their internal matters...
  10. When WK2 broke out, the Belgrade Pact stayed out of the conflict at first... Until the Danubian Federation took their own Donau-Adriabund alliance, and joined in on Germany's side. Using this opportunity, Serbia approached Russia as 'fellow Slavs' and made a deal with them: With the Belgrade Pact fully joining in on Russia's side of the war as allies in the 'Moscow Accords', in exchange for a free hand in the Balkans after the conflict. With the Pact launching the Fifth Balkan War as yet another front in WK2. Starting with the invasion against both Albania and the Eastern parts of Hungary such as Temesvar, their surprise attack initially allowed them to make some headway in their offensive... But quickly started getting pushed back and eventually defeated.
  11. However, Serbia's actions did resulted in significantly delaying Austria-Hungary's ability to send reinforcements to Germany, almost resulting in Russia taking Warsaw... Until, in an ironic reversal to the Winged Hussars' arrival during the Battle of Vienna over 250 years ago, Austrian reinforcement saved the say for the Polish defenders, holding a defense line across the Vistula, allowing Germany to focus their attention on finishing the CoF, so that they can redirect his forces to the Eastern Front afterwards.
  12. As with Russia, in the post-war settlement, Serbia and Romania were be punished greatly.... With Bulgaria once again being given all the lands that they lost back to in ; The Muslim part of Serbia such as Kosovo going to Albania as a reward for their loyalty; Romania losing all of the country's Eastern parts to Hungary; And Serbia getting reduced to the point that they will never be able to be a threat again....
  13. Greece, however, by having already dropped out of Belgrade Pact previously, and hence did not took part in the fighting againstthe Danubian Federation by 'betraying' Europe in siding with Russia, was left alone, allowing their country to remain intact and untouched in reparations. With Greece eventually joined the Donau-Adriabund alliance both to allow for greater access to the European market, and as a way of promising their future good behavior... Ironically putting them on the came alliance as Bulgaria.
Finally, on the question on why the Aegean Islands were under the control of Greece instead of the Ottomans.... It was accomplished though diplomacy. While the two nations have never got along well since... Well, pretty much since the time of ancient Troy, if you consider Turkey to be a somewhat of a successor state to the Anatolians in the classical era. With their most recently conflict being the Greek War of Independence back in the 1820s... The two countries to wish to bury the bury the hatchet and move forward. And a diplomatic agreement was reached between Athens and Constantinople: Of the Ottomans transferring the Aegean Islands back to Greece's control, in exchange, Greece will drop the terrtory claim that have on everything else, including all of Cyprus, in perpetuity. Also, a population exchange similar to what happened in OTL will also take place, with ethnic Turks and Greeks living in each other's country being given free passage to leave for their ancestral homelands, while those that remain will have to pledge their loyalty to the country they live in. The process of the population exchange, in spite of the best efforts on both sides, would be... Messy. But afterwards, things would have gotten better for both sides by greatly lessening border and ethnic tensions.
fair enough.
Although as a Bulgarian i have one thing to say:
Boris and all the bulgarian won't drop the matter about the reclaim of at least a part of the Aegean coast for a few reasons:
  • Alexandroupolis area has been part of Bulgaria since the first Balkan war until the third one. knowing all the war crimes etc. going on in the are the population there after 20 years of Bulgarian rule would be almost all Bulgarian with a Turkish minority.
  • The ottomans know that a good part of the greeks still dream of the Megali idea. They will support fully the idea of bordering only Bulgaria.
Since Bulgaria and Greece are now apparently allied you can go for the Salonica treaty, which would be TTL version of the Craiova treaty:
  • Bulgaria recovers the area around Alexandroupolis
  • Bulgaria and Greece will make a population exchange settling the matter of the borders dispute.
just to give you and idea
1651475438272.png

The Greco-Bulgarian border should be this( macedonia is Bulgarian of course).
 

chankljp

Donor
So…Franco is basically going to be the Spanish Charles Degaulle isn’t he? I can see how they get the Kingdom of Spain too: The French in Algeria need to get into the war and instead of banging against France on their first blood, why not go after the Weak Underbelly of Spain, with a Unestablished Goverment and half of the population guaranteed to meet them as liberators
During my PM chat with @Danifa94 about my ideas on the situation in Italy for TTL, he described Sardinia, and the Houses of Savoy royalist government that were exiled there, as 'An even more hopeless version of Taiwan', when it comes to their chances of reclaiming their homeland.

In the situation that the royalist Spanish government-in-exile under Franco found themselves in, I would say that they are an even more hopeless version of Sardinia... Since unlike Sardinia, the Canary Islands does not even have any industry beyond sugar processing and fruit export.

In fact, I will add in a part on Germany, after having authorized both the Moroccans and the Mittelafrikan colonial government to seize all the remaining Spanish territories in Africa, retroactively approached Franco's Spanish government-in-exile with a deal they cannot afford to refuse: Membership in Mitteleuropa and economic aid to keep their government afloat, in exchange for them legally 'selling' the African colonies to Morocco and Germany as a formality. Something that they have no choice but to accept.

One thing on Lawrence: isn’t his restoration actually working against the goal of peace? After all, wouldn’t it of been much better if he’d just teamed up with say the Autonimists and managed to get a peaceful resolution instead of plunging the country into a massive invasion? Or was it that the rest of the army would not of allowed that?
While almost no one in the TUC supports Mosley after he made himself Chairman for life, the overwhelming sentiment in the UoB's government still calls for the Union to fight the Royalist and defend the revolution to the bitter end. With the Autonomists with their calls for peace talks being in the minority, and have no chance of actually getting accepted by the rest of the government, even without Mosley.

I feel like the best option for the Indo Chinese union would be 1-3 together since it provides enough flexibility for them to not be dominated by the larger power considering how modern Vietnam is equally as prosperous as China
That would certainly be the ideal solution for Indochina.... But seeing as that this TL is all about the alt-Cold War, this type of multi-vector foreign policy, especially when most of the world already look upon you nation with suspicion at best due to your status as the last syndicalist holdout, would carry a lot of risk.

Although as a Bulgarian i have one thing to say:
Boris and all the bulgarian won't drop the matter about the reclaim of at least a part of the Aegean coast for a few reasons:
The thing is, it was no longer something that was up for the Bulgarian to decide. The have lost the Fourth Balkan War to the Belgrade Pact, with the country getting thrown into political and economic chaos as a result. They only got as much lands of 'Greater Bulgaria' back as they did after WK2 because the Danubian Federation gave said lands to them as a punishment against the Belgrade Pact member states that sided with NatPop Russia.

Since Greece stayed neutral during the war, and agreed to join the Donau-Adriabund afterwards, they would be under Austria-Hungary's protection. And as the 'Protector of the Balkans', Vienna would NOT allow Bulgaria to blow up their carefully stabilized sphere of influence in the name of revanchism. As for the Megali Idea, a part of the dipomatic agreement between Greece and the Ottomans was for the latter to formally renounce the Megali Idea in exchange for a trade agreement plus getting the Aegean Islands back.

Sure, the Ottomans would have preferred if Bulgaria as their own neighbouring country. Hence them being part of the arms embargo against the Belgrade Pact, and provided support to Bulgaria during the Fourth Balkan War.... But they blow that chance, and got their asses kicked. Hence, the Ottomans have moved on to 'Plan B', in the form of reconciliation with Greece, which is working out well for them so far.

Bulgaria and Greece are less 'allies', and more 'Both nations agree to be under the Danubian Federation's sphere of influence'. Sort of like a swimming pool with the weaker Balkan nations such as Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, rump Serbia and Romania, Montenegro, etc, all being the kids playing in the water, while the Danubian Federation being the adult lifeguard... The moment one of the kids started acting out of line (Such as demanding the return of land controlled by another member), expect the adult to come break up the fight.
 
when I looked over the map I noticed there was the east African federation Who is is this leader since the one people who originally proposed and supported it in OTL 60s was Julius Nyerere Who was a avowed socialist
 

chankljp

Donor
Continuing on from my previous post about the situation in Iberia leading up to both WK2 and later 1966 in TTL....

(1) In 1936, Portugal under King Duarte II would continue to go down the National Populist Integralists/Organic Kingdom path. With all of the king's attempts to pull off a 'National Restoration' in order to centralized power on the monarchy failing. Instead, the country will continue on its course of being highly decentralized with large degrees of autonomy for the local and municipal level leaders, combined with a viciously anti-republican policy. With the parliament abolished, and the king only nominally serving as the autocrat for the realm.

(2) As such, King Duarte focused his attention on the one area of the country in which he DOES have control and a direct say over even under the Integralists system: Portugal's colonial empire/overseas provinces, managed under the Colonies Ministry. With him overhauling the entire colonial administrative structure. Transforming overseas postings that were once considered as nothing but cushy summer holiday in length at exotic locations for those with political connections, into an actually effective colonial administration, staffed by Couceirists that are loyal to the monarchy personally. With lots of money and attention put towards developing (At least when it comes to things that will turn a profit for the European metropole) the 'Ultramarine' territories of Portugal such as Cape Verde, São Tomé, Macau, Goa, and East Timor. Doing things such as setting up Royal Charter Companies for resource extraction, and increasing the number and quality of troops stationed in said colonies/overseas terrtories.

(3) Portugal did attempted to fund insurgency in order to destabilise Mittelafrika. But were caught in the arm by the Germans. And under threat of a colonial war, were forced to backdown, since King Duarte did not want to risk the troops and power-base that he is so carefully building up in the colonies. Averting the Mozambique Bush War.

(4) Before the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, Portugal was one of the countries that Xavier managed to court into taking part in his 'Mediterranean Economic Bloc'. Which helped the Carlist in stockpiling additional arms and supplies when the Civil War did break out. Military aid and volunteers were also sent out by Portugal to the Carlist in their fight against both the government loyalist and CNT-FAL

(4) Once it became clear that the Carlist were not only losing the war, but that a CNT-FAL victory in Spain would be inevitable, Portugal moved in their troops to seize control of Galicia. Officially to both protect the Portuguese speaking population of the region, and to prevent the Santiago de Compostela and the relics there from being destroyed by the anarcho- syndicalist as part of their 'war against Catholicism'.

(5) About a year of uneasy peace later, an the hands of both sides were forced, when King Duarte was assassinated by a group of Portuguese syndicalist terrorists in public. With two of the surviving attackers managing to flee into Spain, seeking political asylum from the CNT-FAL regime. With Portugal of course demanding the immediate extradition of the perpetrators of the regicide, so that they can be executed.

(6) Opinions in the CNT Congress were not unanimous, considering that the terrorists were acting their own, without the approval or backing of the CNT. Not to mention concerns over the fact that the newly formed Iberia Federation, still in a greatly weakened state recovering so recently after the civil war, might not be in the best shape for a confrontation with Portugal. In the end, however, the more hawkish elements won out thanks to the guarantee of full backing from the CoF. Acting on their ideological principles, not only did CNT-FAL refused to deport the terrorists, but instead, publicly celebrated and even decorated them as 'Heroes of the revolution against the reactionaries'.

(7) Enraged, Portugal declared war on the Iberia Federation.... Being reasonably well equipped and trained, if the Portuguese Royal Army were only facing against CNT-FAL's militia units, they might have been able to win. However, not only were said anarchist militia units hardened veterans of their Civil War, they were also armed with top-of-the-line French and British weapons. Combined with the integralists' decentralized structure not being conducive towards a quick switch towards mass mobilisation, the Portuguese mainland fell to the Spanish anarchists.

(8) Having very little choice, in a repeat of what the Spanish royalist government under the leadership of Franco did earlier, the remnants Portuguese government and military fled to the Azores to set up a government-in-exile, with Ponta Delgada serving as the provisional capital. All of Iberia now falls under anarcho syndicalist rule, with the now properly named Iberian Federation joining the Internationale as a full member, securing Communard France's southern boarder with a loyal comrade. Further strengthening the Internationale's position when the time comes for their confrontation against Germany.... Even if CNT-FAL finds it hard press to keep control of not just Spain, but also the Portugal, with the local population resisting anarcho syndicalist rule. In response, the 'Red Terror' was expanded to Portugal as well. With local militias authorized to set up revolutionary tribunals, imprisoning and executing any suspected 'reactionary elements', in particular targeting Catholic clergy and former government officials.

(9) In their exile in the Azores, the late King Duarte's youngest sister, Princess Maria Adelaide, was crowned as the new Queen of Portugal. With both the military and the Integralists government viewing her young age, gentle demeanour, and popularity with the people making her both a good figurehead and someone that would be easy to control.... Not realizing that she was in fact an aggressive anti-Integralist with strong liberal and even progressive sympathizes. For now, however, the focus must be on liberating the homeland from the anarchists....

(10) Towards this end, the Azores government approached Ottawa, reviving the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, and joining the Entente and their 'Governments-in-exile club'.

(11) As for Portugal's colonies, as a member of the Entente, while the Mittelafrikan colonial government considered seizing Angola and Mozambique, they were left alone at the end. East Timor and Goa were put defended and put under the protection of Australasia and the Delhi government respectively (In the case of the latter, for now, at lease...). While finally, Macau over in China was given the 'Hong Kong solution': The city will become part of the Legation Cities, in exchange for the Portuguese governor being given a sit in the Legation Council.
 

chankljp

Donor
when I looked over the map I noticed there was the east African federation Who is is this leader since the one people who originally proposed and supported it in OTL 60s was Julius Nyerere Who was a avowed socialist
To start with, instead of the infamous Mittelafrika collapse, the colonial administration held together though until after the end of WK2, partly thanks to Statthalter Goring getting fired and removed from office early on after he was managed to enact some of his better and more beneficial reforms (Such as wildlife conservation, the development of local industries, and to increase food production), but before his more crazy ideas such as making himself the Vizekönig.

Instead, the decolonization took place in the 1950s via the Kaiserbund project proposed by the SDP: With former colonies getting released as either Dominions that will be full members of the Reichpakt, or independent nations that Germany will retain basing rights and extensive economic influence over. So something along the lines of Françafrique mixed in with a bit of the proposed British Imperial Federation.

With the East African Federation being one of said Dominions that Germany released as part of the Kaiserbund project. With it intended to serve as a successor to Deutsch-Ostafrika, and a way for Germany to keep influence over Africa long after colonialism is officially over.... With the EAF being sort of like the Reichpakt's version of the role that South Africa plays for the British in Africa.

Once a much more detailed map of 1966 Africa is ready, I will get into more details on explaining the set up in Africa.
 

chankljp

Donor
What happened with the Indian states?
Oh! I am so very, very glad that you have asked! Here is another long, detailed outline of my headcanon for what happened to India in between 1936 to 1966.....

(BTW, in case I accidentally slip up and used gendered pronounce such as him/her when referring to countries in any of my posts on this thread, remember that this all started out as my posts over on the "Hetalia: Kaiserreich Edition" thread. Hence, I might occasionally still think of the various countries in TTL as their Hetalia personifications.)

(1) To start with, TTL will be going with the pre-rework set up for the subcontinent, instead of the reworked version:
1723410946121236a528f4bb5e45db7d.jpg


(2) In the aftermath of King George's death and Edward's succession, Afghanistan, suffering from troubles keeping domestic discontent of the king's land reforms and modernization down, had the idea of launching a quick, easy war of conquest against the remnants of the old British Raj in the south, in order to rally domestic support. A war that did indeed ended quickly and easily... for the Delhi Government. With the Anglo-Indian troops emerging victorious over Afghanistan in a total curbstomp in the 1936 5th Anglo-Afghan War, ending with a pro-Entente ceasefire with the border pushed back to the Durrand Line, as the Delhi Government have no intention of pushing their luck by invading the infamous 'Graveyard of Empires' itself.

(3) Despite this, domestically for Afghanistan, while attempts were made to suppress any and all rebellions and coups with maximum force, in the face of army desertions and total social chaos of an already weak central government in Kabul, King Amanullah Khan's royal government collapsed soon afterwards and the king himself lynched while attempting to flee the country, as radical clerics in rural areas, already against the king's reform and modernization programs before the country's defeat at the hands of the 'British colonial lapdogs and idol-worshippers', led the rural peasantry on a general insurrection under the banner of an Islamic revolt. The country falls under the rule of a radical Islamist National Populist emirate, with Habibullah Kalakani serving as emir, a regime that quickly undid all pretenses of modernity and return back to the time of the Prophet. Besides issuing a proclamation declaring the Ottoman Sultan unfit to act as the Caliph of all Sunni Muslims worldwide, and declaring themselves as the new Caliphate, however..... Said radical Islamist NatPop Afghan regime would largely be ignored and forgotten by the rest of the world.... Until another NatPop regime, the Russian State under Savinkov, came knocking a few years later, conquering them with ease... But suffering endless insurgency in the process, giving Moscow a bleeding ulcer on their rear throughout WK2.

(3) For the Delhi Government, after their victory in the 5th Anglo-Afghan War, the 1936 Imperial Durbar was held. During which, while the coronation of the 'British King-Emperor' as the head of state for the Dominion of India was formally acknowledged, he would only be that of a ceremonial figurehead. Instead, all the duties in governance of the King-Emperor would be delegated to an Indian Viceroy, a position held by the war hero Ganga Singh. While the Dominion's legislature would be future empowered.

(4) Shortly after the Imperial Durbar, parliamentary elections were held, in which Muhammad Ali Jinnah and his Social Democratic Home Rule Party was elected into power. With his government proceeding to turn the Delhi government/Dominion of India in to the 'black sheep' in both the Entente, enacting many VERY leftist economic policies and political reforms that pushes the boundaries of how far left a country could go while still remaining both a British Dominion and a capitalist democracy. With some reforms including abolishing the privileges granted to the local princes that sided with the British (But still grudgingly giving them and their families a modest government pension), enacting land reforms to encourage the creations of local peasant headed farming cooperatives in rural areas, the creation of centrally planned and state owned enterprises as part of a five-year plan industrialization programs in the urban centers, and not only legalizing, but also giving official support for the formation of trade unions to better help workers in the private sector negotiate with their employers... In other words, policies that some might say were borderline syndicalist in nature, especially in the context of the hyper anti-leftist Entente... While staying within the Overton Window as a bourgeois democracy and a Dominion of the British Empire.

(5) While over in the Bharatiya Commune, after Lala Lajpat Rai stood down from his posiiton as the Commune's Chairman and the INC's president, in the 1937 session of the Indian National Congress, Gandhi's radical socialist Agrarians was elected into power. With Gandhi's his agrarian economic ideas and support of rural cottage industries gaining him the support and love of the countryside... While utterly alienating both the urban industrial working class centered around Calcutta (The core support base of the orthodox syndicalist under Fazlul Huq and Nehru), but most importantly, the military and the hardliners under Subhas Chandra Bose and his Totalist faction, with Bose and his supporters viewing the Agrarians as foolish utopians that are needlessly endangering the revolution with their focus away from heavy industries which in turn weaken the military's ability to reunify India.

(6) Down south in the Princely Federation, it stands as the closest thing that India has to a right-wing nationalist government. While infrastructure projects such as the Hyderabad-Deccan Railroad does show that the neo-feudalist regime does have the ability and desire in taking steps towards modernity, its extremely decentralized feudal political system with princes, rajas and zamindar emigres holding all the political power in their local areas, combined with the common Indian having little to no voice in politics, made it both prone to corruption, nepotism, and inefficiencies. It has become increasingly clear to all that reforms will be desperately needed if the Federation wish to stay afloat. And Osman Ali Khan, the Nizam of Hyderabad and the informal 'first-amongst-equals' in the Council of Princes, had just the plan in mind......

(7) Back up north, Gandhi, after seeing how left-wing Ali Jinnah's government seems to be, proposed the idea of dipomtically approaching the Delhi Government for peaceful reunification via dialogue. When the announcement was made, the Hall of Congress erupted into chaos, with shouts of 'Traitor!', 'Defeatist!', and 'No compromise with imperialist lapdogs!'. A week later, Subhas Chandra Bose and his Maximist faction, with covert UoB support, launched a military coup seeking to remove Gandhi and the Agrarians from power. With soldiers armed with the latest British weapons in the heart of Calcutta, an emergency vote was called, and Gandhi was deposed in a party coup, and Bose was elected as the new Chairman of the commune. As Gandhi was put under house arrest in one of his ashram and Red Army units loyal to Bose moved in to takeover large parts of the country under martial law, there were violent resistance in the countryside, but they were all very quickly put down. The Bharatiya Commune is now under the rule of what the international media refer to as the 'Totalist Raj', a label that Bose gladly embraced, even describing himself 'Comrade Mosley's best disciple'. Within the Internationale and the rest of the syndicalist world, reactions were mixed, as the CoF expressed concern over this development due to it setting a dangerous example of 'Red Bonapartism'; While Chairman Mosley of the UoB officially offered comrade Bose his congratulations for 'Defending the gains of the revolution on the subcontinent'. With the Bharatiya Commune quickly enacting numerous Totalist reforms aiming for rapid industrialization with the aid of their British advisors and the signing of the 'Tea for Arms' Anglo-Indian Trade Agreement, enabling a massive expansion of the Red Army, in order to 'Drive the feudalist and the lapdogs alike into the sea at bayonet point!'. The only thing that is now certain is that Gandhi's dreams of a peace for a peaceful reunification of India have come to a crashing halt.

(8) In the Princely Federation, the Nizam, having come to the conclusion that for Princely India to survive, the power of the executive power, in other words, his own power, much be expended. Hence, he made a shocking proclamation that changed the very nature of the Princely Federation radically: The Princely Federation will hereby be abolished, to be replaced by the Indian Empire. With himself serving as the Kaiser-I-Hind (Emperor of India), holding a level of imperial authority in the style of the Mughals and Queen Victoria of old, giving him almost total control over the executive branch. While the Council of Princes would also be abolished, to be replaced by a liberalized legislature favouring the Hindu majority.

(9) .... This went about as well as you would expect considering that the Princely Federation was explicitly founded as a neo-feudalist regime to preserve the privileges of local aristocrats.In response to this de facto coup, numerous local Maharajahs, namely Mysore and Travancore, rejected the central government's authority and declaring their domains independent from Hyderabad, entering into a state of open rebellion against their nominal overlord.

(10) Taking advantage of the self-proclaimed Indian Empire's chaotic state and civil war, the Delhi Government sent their troops streaming across the border into the former Bombay Presidency, seizing India's second-most populous city with minimal resistance while Princely troops loyal to the Kaiser-I-Hind were too preoccupied with their own Civil War. Seeing the ease in which the Delhi Government took Bombay, the Bharatiya Commune quickly pounce on this opportunity themsevles as well with a rush invasion to seize as much former Princely Federation lands on their boarder as possible. Ending with the newly self-styled Kaiser-I-Hind getting captured by Communard troops. After a quick People's Tribunal oversaw by a Red Army military commissar, Osman Ali Khan was sentence to death by public hanging.... With a photo taken by a British journalist working for the Daily Mail showing him being made to wear his royal finery as he dangled on a telephone pole making international headlines.

(11) This brutal display of Totalist Red Terror absolutely terrified the remaining prices and Maharajahs, who started putting out peace feeler to approach the Delhi Government, seeking to make a deal with them as they were seen as a 'lesser evil' compared to the Communards. With the princes and Maharajahs offering to take a similar deal as the loyalist prices in the north, with them giving up their lands and privileges in exchange for full amnesty and be allowed to retain a portion of their wealth. Prime Minister Ali Jinnah, however, was having none of this, with his only offer to the princes being along the lines of giving them amnesty and allow them to keep their lives, but nothing else. An offer which they had no choice but to accept, with the remaining parts of Southern India not already under Communard control surrendering to the Delhi Government.

(TBC)
 
is Burma using the rework lore if so how did it end up getting some territory specifically from Thailand and losing the entire north
 
@chankljp hey I was going to one of your old AAR in particular this post
Post in thread 'A Dream that originates from the Yellow River: DR Kaiserreich Republican China AAR'
https://forum.paradoxplaza.com/foru...ich-republican-china-aar.880782/post-20033436
in the rework Deng is with the left KMT Since in this timeline it has been crushed I feel like he should at least end up as the reformed Republic economic ministers at least 60s since you went through the reunification by negotiation path
 
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chankljp

Donor
is Burma using the rework lore if so how did it end up getting some territory specifically from Thailand and losing the entire north
So glad that you have asked. I stopped my last entry on the situation on India so that I can first give an overview of the countries around India. Since their situations will be relevant in the build-up to the final war for Indian reunification between the Delhi Government under Muhammad Ali Jinnah, and Subhas Chandra Bose's now Totalist Bharatiya Commune.


- Burma:
The country will be operating under the current, but pre-rework version of the lore.

Long story short: In 1921, in the face of popular unrest after the end of WK1, in a bid to restore order and preserve British colonial rule, the Lieutenant Governor attempted to declare a state of indefinite martial law in the colony combined with new University Laws that would make access to higher education even harder for local Burmese people to obtain by making it focused on European studies... Which only made matters worst as it triggered a strike by university students that eventually escalated into a full scale armed revolution against British colonial rule. Which succeeded in 1925 when Britain herself fell to revolution, and the remnants of the colonial government either retreated westward to join the Delhi Government, or were evacuated by sea to Australia.

Independence would only be the start to Burma's problems, however, as the moment the British left, the country was instantly plagued by instability in the form of a low-intensity civil war between the central government in Rangoon dominated by the ethnic Bamar people, and the many countryside militias led by the various ethnic minorities who demanded either independence, or at least autonomy. In other words, exactly the same thing as what happened in OTL, except pushed 20 years sooner.

The nascent republic would spend the next decade being as dysfunctional as ever. Exemplified by the country losing a war against Siam in 1929 which saw the annexation of Lower Burma to the Siamese under the Treaty of Moulmein. By 1936, Burma is plagued by corruption and fraud, struggling to develop its economy or even set up any sort of effective governance. All the while, the Bharatiya Commune, once allies that helped the current Burmese government gained its independence from the British, have now turned against them, seeking an opportunity to spread their socialists revolution eastward by funding and supporting domestic opposition to the regime.

Finally, when the shockwaves of the 1936 Black Monday Berlin Stock Market Crash hit the Burmese economy, it served as the final straw that broke the camel's back for the dysfunctional republic. In the face of salary cuts and deplorable living conditions, the workers at the Yenangyaung Oil Fields launched a strike in protest against their treatment in 1938, waving red flags and chanting the Burmese version of the Internationale. The central government in Rangoon, still struggling to economically recover after Black Monday, cannot afford having its financial lifeline that was the petroleum industry be shutdown. As such, they sent in the police in an attempt to containing the protesters and break up the strike. When news of this got out, leftist students at Rangoon University launched their own solidarity protests against the government, which soon escalated into a riot, as they seized the administrative buildings on campus and issued a list of demands to the government. Giving what started out as an isolated industrial strike action a truly national scope.

It was not long before news came that a march of striking oil workers was making its way towards the capital from Central Burma, gathering support from the rural villages along the way. Out of desperation, President U Ba Pe and his general staff ordered the army to disperse the protesters and retake the university campus with maximum lethal force.... At this moment, the army mutinies and joined with the uprising. U Ba Pe and his senior staff vanished in the middle night before the revolutionaries were able to get to them, fleeing the country to the German colony of Ceylon in exile with as much gold and hard currency from the national treasury as they could carry. In the now abandoned Government House at Rangoon, the ragtag group of students, workers and the military defectors declared their victory in the 'Second War of Burmese Independence' (First war was fought for the independence of the Burmese people against British colonial rule, while the second war was fought for the independence of the Burmese nation against the 'illegitimate bourgeois republic'). Proclaiming the formation of the 'Union of Burma', administered under provisional socialist government, with General Aung San, who ordered the army to side with the revolutionaries, and hence critical of their victory, being made the General Secretary of the newly established People's Revolutionary Party, as well as the Premier of the Union.

... A outcome that was not as warmly received by the Bharatiya Commune, now under the rule of Bose's Totalists, as one might imagine. Since the Calcutta government views itself as the legal successor state to the British Raj, and with Burma used to be administered as part of the colonial Raj, Bose was hoping that the Burmese revolutionaries would have united under his leadership and the Commune's banner instead. Nonetheless, while not a full military alliance, a treaty of friendship and cooperation was signed between the two states,

In addition, the Union of Burma quickly joining the Phalanstere in order to establish trade and diplomatic relations with the rest of the socialist world via the Internationale, not to mention apply for much needed industrial and economic aid from UoB and the CoF.

For the the Bharatiya Commune, while the path that their Burmese comrades had taken was not exactly ideal, for now, it nonetheless ensured that their eastern flank will be secured by a ideologically similar and friendly regime, instead of a hostile one with ties to Germany. Hence, freeing up more troops to be deployed to face the threats in the rest of India....


- Butan:
In a word of rapid social change and industrialisation, Butan stands as a medieval time capsule still stuck in feudal times and centuries out of date compared to the rest of the world. With a primitive economic of subsistence farming worked by serfs, and no industries to speak of besides a few artisan cottage workshops. Simply put, it is a realm straight out of the Crusader Kings getting ISOT into the world of Hearts of Iron.

One would think that the socialist Bharatiya Commune would not tolerate such a holdout of 'reactionary feudalism' to exist right on their border.... However, no matter how primative and outdated Butan's military might be, the country's terrain made the prospect of invading, not to mention actually subduing and administering the place a total waste of manpower and resources that could be better spent elsewhere. Therefore, the Communards were content to let Butan be for the most part. Rationalizing this as the nation simply being too underdeveloped for socialism at the moment. Under the terms of the Treaty of Phuentscholing, in which in exchange for neutrality and some political concessions, socialist India would continued the British Raj’s pre-revolution recognition over the sovereignty of Bhutan, as well as to provide Bhutan's government with both a small monetary stipend, and the ability to use their ports as a line of communication with the wider world.... Until Bose and his Totalist faction seized power in the Commune, and went about rapidly reversing many of diplomatic agreements made by his predecessors... Including the Treaty of Phuentscholing. With the new Totalist Raj not only re-militarizing the border between the two countries and expelled all Bhutanese merchants and diplomats alike from the Commune, but also bloodlessly retaking the districts at the foothills of the Himalayas that Butan had seized in the aftermath of the British Raj's collapse. While no fighting broke out between the two countries, it became clear that Indo-Bhutanese relations had broken down. Isolating Butan futher with no means of communicating with the outside world except though the long way around Tibet and China.

Domestically, far from being an island of stability high up in the Himalayans, Butan was in a state of power struggle between two rival claimants to the throne of the Druk Gyalpo ('Dragon King'): Jigme Wangchuck, the current king on the throne, and his rival pretender, the Penlop of Paro, Tshering Penjor, who seek to challenge King Jigme’s rule... Which ended when the pretender, in a miscalculated move, assassinated the king and his entourage while the two sides were negotiating a truce at the Talo Monastery. Far from breaking the will of the king's supporters, however, it only rallied the resolve of the loyalists. In response to the treachery, they avenged the king in an all out assault against the monastic fortress, successfully killing the pretender.

In the aftermath, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck, the 8-year-old, Indian educated son of the late king, was crowned as the new Druk Gyalpo, under the title of the 'Young Dragon'. While actual political power was held by Sonam Topgye Dorji, a reformist-minded AuthDem politician who seek to modernise and develop the hermit kingdom so that it can enter into the modern world... Or at least to the standards of the 19th century. Doing so with the creation of a National Assembly elected by village leaders, opening new schools in the capital staffed by foreign teachers, and imported industrial machinery to develop Butan's economy. Slowly, one-step at a time, this forgotten part of the world takes its first steps into modernity.


- Nepal:
With the withdrawal of British troops to Delhi during the collapse of the British Empire in the 1920s, Nepal took advantage of situation to not just broke free from British influence themselves, but also seized the Ganges-Yamuna Basin in the name of their kingdom... A territory that they were never able to fully pacify as the locals resisted Nepalese rule. Until in 1938, during the celebration of the Hindu festival of Diwali, the Indian population utilized the gathering to launch a spontaneous protests against the Nepalis occupation, resulting in a violent crackdown by the Royal Nepalese Army that left 50 civilians dead.

Using this opportunity as a pretext, the the underground-wing of the Indian National Congress operating in the lowlands supported by the Bharatiya Commune, called for strikes throughout the territory. As poorly armed and inexperienced Indian protestors made their stand against the well trained and battle hardened Nepali Gurkhas, Communard troops advanced towards the eastern parts of the occupied lowlands, seizing Gangtok and Muzaffarpur.

With the Nepali Royal Family and the supporters fearing that the Indian Red Army will not be satisfied with merely retaking part of the disputed lowlands, but will continue to advance westward until they marched into Kathmandu, the Dominion government at Delhi gave the ruling Shah Dynasty an offer they cannot afford to refuse: Return the western occupied territories around Dehradun to the Dominion government, in exchange for a defense treaty.

All but powerless in the face of the prospect of a two-front war, Nepal capitulated and allowed the two rival Indian governments to effectively partitioned the areas of the country that it had seized years ago, while unwillingly entering into the Entente's sphere of influence in order to protect themselves against Bose's 'Totalist Raj'.
 

chankljp

Donor
@chankljp hey I was going to one of your old AAR in particular this post
Post in thread 'A Dream that originates from the Yellow River: DR Kaiserreich Republican China AAR'
https://forum.paradoxplaza.com/foru...ich-republican-china-aar.880782/post-20033436
in the rework Deng is with the left KMT Since in this timeline it has been crushed I feel like he should at least end up as the reformed Republic economic ministers at least 60s since you went through the reunification by negotiation path
Can I just say how absolutely flattered I am that much to my total surprise, so many users here on this site including yourself have not only once read that AAR that I attempted but abandoned long ago, but also found it to be so memorable that you guys brought it up to me even all these years later? :)
 

chankljp

Donor
The Burma lore on the wiki is the rework lore so you are essentially using the rework lore you can ask @Blackleaf since he's the Burma lore dev
At the end of the day, it really doesn't matter if Burma starts out in 1936 as either a monarchy under the Konbaung dynasty, or a corrupt republic under the U Ba Pe’s Nationalist Party, since the result will still be the same: It falls to a socialist revolution, putting General Aung San into power.
 
At the end of the day, it really doesn't matter if Burma starts out in 1936 as either a monarchy under the Konbaung dynasty, or a corrupt republic under the U Ba Pe’s Nationalist Party, since the result will still be the same: It falls to a socialist revolution, putting General Aung San into power.
Your lore looks pretty good and I'm always glad to have more people read the stuff I have put up on the wiki. A small nitpick I'd make is that it was pretty much universally accepted among the Indian political scene (and especially the Indian left) that Burma was NOT a part of India and should become a separate nation. Obviously though, there's still room to fit that into your lore, could just have it be more focused on Bharatiya wanting to preserve their political regional hegemony or have more political influence over their smaller revolutionary neighbor. In KR lore, Burma was effectively a client state to Azad Hind before U Ba pe came into power and pursued anti-Indian policies.
 

chankljp

Donor
Hi everyone. Apologies for the lack of an update for so long. Have just relocated from Hong Kong to London, and is still in the process of settling down. But I am now in a condition to get to to working together with @procrastinating2much on designing the maps for this TL again.

Have just updated the map of the world posted on the first page, some changes include:

  1. (Special thanks to @comrade cat) Changes in the names of cities in Indonesia back to the more period and PoD appropriate old spelling. For example, 'Jakarta' was changed to 'Djakarta', 'Surabaya' to 'Surabaja', etc. The reason for this was that in OTL, the spelling reforms were not implemented until 1972. And assuming that things go more or less the same as in OTL in typical KR fashion, the Enhanced Spelling (EYD) reforms would be proposed in 1966 at the starting date of this TL, making it potenial a small flavoring even for Indonesia.
  2. Also for Indonesia, the city of 'Bandar Lampung' retained its old name of 'Tandjungkarang-Telukbetung', as the renaming did not took place in OTL until 1983.
  3. Parts of Russia such as the Kola Peninsula and Karelia that Finland had annexed from Russia had the cities renamed to Finnish. In particular, the city of Petrozavodsk was renamed Äänislinna, the same name that was given to it in OTL's Continuation War when it was controlled by Finland. It made sense for the same renaming to take place and actually stuck this time, as part of de-Russification for annexed terrtories.
  4. After careful consideration, the missing capitals of Romania and Bulgaria were re-added to the map.
 
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