Alternative projectile weapons

Well, there's magnetic acceleration of projectiles, like the railgun and also the coilgun... but they're hardly alternatives for early projectile weapons.
 
Also, can you use a form of shield or such with a Sling, or you need both hands free?

You can use it with one hand, but need two to load it. Speaking as one who has actually tried it, a well-thrown stone can be quite accurate and pack quite a wallop. It won't penetrate heavy armor, but is effective otherwise. The main drawback is that the effective range is quite short, less than 50m; not ideal for a lightly armed, unarmored foot soldier.
 
Strange coincidence, I was thinking of perhaps making a thread, or searching for a thread asking a question about one classic projectile weapons who felt in obscurity...

The sling.

In the antiquity, slingers - a real, serious and dangerous weapon - were a commodity of armies (Hannibal surely hired some along, Rome used a lot the baleare slingers...), and the tale of young King David shown us so. But somewhere along perhaps the fall of rome, the barbariansl it felt in disuse...

What where the reasons, actually? Simple cultural shift? The great bows of middle age vastly outpowered it, for a somewhat easier use? Why so, is there theories?
I'm my aborted Caesar TL a Judean slinger in the Roman auxiliaries kills Parthian king Pacorus. Never underestimate slingers! :D
 

PhilippeO

Banned
50 for sling is too short.

ancient slingers trained from childhood, and possibly they use staff sling.

From Wiki http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staff_sling#Combat

In general, a sling bullet lobbed in a high trajectory can achieve ranges approaching 400 m; the current Guinness World Record distance of an object thrown with a sling stands at 477.0 m, set by David Engvall in 1992 using a metal dart. Larry Bray held the previous world record (1982), in which a 52 g stone was thrown 437.1 m.


Modern authorities vary widely in their estimates of the effective range of ancient weapons and of course bows and arrows could also have been used to produce a long-range arcing trajectory, but ancient writers repeatedly stress the sling's advantage of range.


The sling was light to carry and cheap to produce; ammunition in the form of stones was readily available and often to be found near the site of battle. The ranges the sling could achieve with molded lead glandes was only topped by the strong composite bow or, centuries later, the heavy English longbow, both at massively greater cost.
 
But stones are not ideal projectiles - their cheapness is made up for by being less effective than lead projectiles.


So you can either have "you can literally pick the ammunition up off the ground" or the benefits of great range, but not both.
 
But stones are not ideal projectiles - their cheapness is made up for by being less effective than lead projectiles.


So you can either have "you can literally pick the ammunition up off the ground" or the benefits of great range, but not both.

And that range is under ideal conditions - no wind, rain, snow, etc. and nobody was shooting back or trying to chop his head off. In battle the EFFECTIVE range would be quite short, closer to the 50m I gave above.
 
And that range is under ideal conditions - no wind, rain, snow, etc. and nobody was shooting back or trying to chop his head off. In battle the EFFECTIVE range would be quite short, closer to the 50m I gave above.

Yeah.

I know that a longbow in battle is 250-300 yards firing as far as the bow can project an arrow with any effectiveness, and about a quarter of that if you want to penetrate late medieval armor.

So even if wind, rain, snow etc. aren't an issue, the difference between the furthest a projectile designed for distance can go and the range you can crack skulls is inevitably substantial.
 
But stones are not ideal projectiles - their cheapness is made up for by being less effective than lead projectiles.


So you can either have "you can literally pick the ammunition up off the ground" or the benefits of great range, but not both.

One could make metal shots for the slingshot.
 
One could make metal shots for the slingshot.

Yes, the Romans and others did so, normally of cast lead.

That would increase the sling's lethality and maximum range, but not its EFFECTIVE range; the range at which a skilled user could be reliably expected to injure or kill an opponent under normal battlefield conditions.

Effective ranges are shorter, often much shorter, than maximum ranges because:

One, the weapon loses accuracy at extreme ranges and cannot be expected to hit the target with any regularity. Unguided missile weapons fall into this category.

Two, the projectile loses energy in proportion to the distance traveled; at extreme ranges it lacks sufficient energy to harm the target with any regularity. Even rockets fall into this category, because as they burn fuel they lose mass, which lowers their kinetic energy at impact.

Three, maximum ranges are only obtainable under ideal conditions; condition which do not exist on a normal battlefield. It is of absolutely no use to throw a sling bullet 400m if one cannot see a target that far away due to dust, smoke, fog, or whatever, or if the bullet lacks sufficient energy to damage the target even if the slinger is lucky enough to hit it. If the slinger is having to throw while avoiding return fire or dodging swords and axes, as happens in battle, his accuracy is bound to suffer for it, which makes it even more unlikely for him to hit a distant target.
 
Yes, the Romans and others did so, normally of cast lead.

That would increase the sling's lethality and maximum range, but not its EFFECTIVE range; the range at which a skilled user could be reliably expected to injure or kill an opponent under normal battlefield conditions.

Effective ranges are shorter, often much shorter, than maximum ranges because:

One, the weapon loses accuracy at extreme ranges and cannot be expected to hit the target with any regularity. Unguided missile weapons fall into this category.

At long ranges, i don't think accuracy matters much. Just the same as with archers, you'll have formations of slingers launching volleys, and the damage you deal on the enemy formation will be more a matter of chance than accuracy of the ranged weapon.
 
There is of course the Air Rifle. Pre charged pnuematics have a number of advantages over the humble musket. Relitively quiet, no cloud of smoke giving away your position, high rate of fire while the presure in the tank lasts and no need to carry an explosive powder on your hip. They also work in the rain. Disadvantages are it's cost and dificulty of manufacture. It also takes a long time to pump up the tank. If you can work out how to make decent coil springs then the last disadvantage goes away at the cost of louder shots and restricting your self to loading one round at a time.

I'm going to look into this for my TL.:D
 
At long ranges, i don't think accuracy matters much. Just the same as with archers, you'll have formations of slingers launching volleys, and the damage you deal on the enemy formation will be more a matter of chance than accuracy of the ranged weapon.

Which doesn't work nearly as well with slings as other ranged weapons like bows.

Sling attacks are hard (impossible?) to coordinate well enough for proper volleys.

And "a group all attacking at not quite the same time" is not quite the same as synchronized fire.
 
There was a good article in Scientific American in October 1973 on slings. It was amazing what they could do. Basically the same stopping power as a .45 pistol, if I remember correctly. Gives a whole new meaning to David and Goliath. If Doc Holliday had gone up against Goliath with 5 chambers loaded in his Colt.... That's what Goliath was up against.
 
Some comparative stats on the relative power of spears, atlatl darts, arrows and firearms:
http://www.thudscave.com/npaa/articles/howhard.htm
Atlatl darts seem to do very well compared to even modern arrows.
Atlatl darts, unlike slings, could conceivably be used as a volley weapon, but I don't think they were ever used as such by the organized societies that used them.
Of course firearms are on a whole other level in terms of kinetic energy, not surprisingly.

Would love to see sling data incorporated into the above.
 
Admittedly, I know very little of the actual mechanics of the sling, but i don't see what is the problem for volleys of slingers being practical. Can you give me a bit of insight on that?

The way i see it, they can carry for the first volleys a pouch with lead projectiles, and with the proper discipline they should be able to fire coordinately. Right? What am i missing?
 
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