The Chinese flag debate is an ongoing question of whether the Chinese flag should be changed from the "Blue Sky, White Sun and a Wholly Red Earth" design (colloquially known as the 'sun flag') that has been in place since 1928, predominantly due to the symbol of the White Sun used by the Kuomintang and preceding nationalist movements.
The most common suggestion for an alternative is the re-introduction of the "Five Races Under One Union" flag used from 1912 to 1928 (colloquially known as the 'stripe flag'), due to its connotations of racial equality and unity, though the issue is hotly debated in Chinese society.
Objections to the current Chinese flag first rose to prominence with the student protest movement of the late 1980s that ultimately played a key role in the Tienanmen Square Revolution. While not seen as as great a priority as the end of China's status as a one-party state, universal suffrage, the abolition of restrictions on freedom of speech and the free press, or the direct election of members of the National Congress, for many radicals protesting the flag was a part of the protests; at many student protests, the stripe flag could be seen waved by activists, despite the fact that displaying it was a criminal offense at the time.
As part of the reforms following the Tienanmen Square Revolution, President Xiao had the ban on display of the old flag lifted in July 1989, although the sun flag was kept in place with the Kuomintang rejecting any serious effort to change it. Replacing the sun flag was one of the policy planks of 1990 Progressive presidential candidate Liu Xiaobo, who remarked in an interview with the Western press, 'Imagine if the USA had a Democratic donkey or a Republican elephant on its flag', implying the political connotations of the sun flag.
More recently, while the political objection has remained prominent, the most significant cited reason for replacing the sun flag is because of the connections with the former authoritarian regime. Some commentators have suggested that having a multi-racial flag and ending the use of one entwined with dictatorship would be appropriate for symbolizing China has moved past authoritarianism, similar to the circumstances under which countries like South Africa and Myanmar changed their flags.
Most leadership figures in the Kuomintang, including current President Wang Yang, have been adamantly in favour of the sun flag, with Wang holding a press conference on December 29th 2018 (the 90th anniversary of the adaptation of the sun flag) during which he declared that 'the Kuomintang has always defended China's heritage, and we should not allow an integral part of that heritage to be carelessly cast aside.' By contrast, the Progressives have, since their party's relaunch in 2015, utilized the colors of the stripe flag in the characters of the party logo, and it has become common practice among Progressive supporters to fly stripe flags in lieu of sun flags. The current Progressive leader in the National Congress, Jian Jielang, has described the sun flag as 'a relic of Kuomintang oppression', and several provincial governments (most prominently ones with a sizeable non-Han population, such as Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia) have adopted flags for their provinces which have become more prominently used by residents and local government than the sun flag.
The issue of whether the flag should change has seen a very partisan split among supporters of the major parties; a poll in 1999 showed around 81% of Kuomintang members supported keeping the sun flag, and 76% of Progressive members wished to have it replaced. However, since then support for an alternate flag has been steadily rising, with this figure changing to 69% of Kuomintang members and 83% of Progressive members by 2018; the percent of supporters with dissenting views has rarely reached double digits for either party.
Among the Chinese public, opinion polls have shown a gradual rise in support for replacing the sun flag, with the most recently conducted poll (September 2019) showing 46% of those surveyed favouring the sun flag, 38% the stripe flag, and 16% who said 'don't know' or supported another flag. Among the minor parties, the Communists and Uyghur Party oppose the sun flag, the Loyalists strongly support it and the Economic Liberals are moderate on the issue, being willing to adopt a new flag if it deems it 'superior to the current design'.