The Republic of Sequoyah, created simultaneously with the Republic of Oklahoma to its west from what was previously known as the Indian Reserve, was one of the last countries to become a full member of the Federation, joining it in 1902, twenty-two years after its 'occupied' neighbor to the west, Oklahoma. Unlike its neighbor, Sequoyah was not subject to rural land runs, either upon statehood or afterwards, due to the nature of the so-called '5 civilized tribes' whose nations constituted most of its population and area- the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek/Muskogee, and Seminole. Since they practiced many of the same behaviors as white settlers, like market participation, centralized government, Christianity and slavery, the Federation did not encourage settlement on their land through land runs, although the threat of opening the Reserve to land runs while what became Oklahoma was still part of it was used several times, most notably to force emancipation of the region's slaves.
When the Sequoyahn House of Councillors was founded and democratic elections established across the whole Republic as part of the post-emancipation reforms in 1867, initially competition between parties representing each tribe for their interests in the Homma Chuka (literally 'people's building'*, effectively meant to mean 'people's assembly'), but this would change dramatically when oil was discovered in the city of Tulsa in 1901. The oil boom led to mass migration to the city, and it would become not only the biggest city in Sequoyah (far bigger than its capital, Creek), but the centre of an urban area populated by over 643,000 people as of 2019, nearly a third of the republic's population.
This oil boom and population boom in Tulsa led to the foundation of the
Democratic Party, which was named for similar parties across the South and originally intended to champion, in the words of its founder and first leader Charles Haskell, 'an entrepreneurial spirit for future industries in this country', although many of its members were not only white but also advocates of white supremacy at that time. When the first election it participated in in 1904 saw it become one of the strongest parties in the House of Councillors, the tribal parties decided to ally against it to preserve native interests. The so-called
Party of the 5 Civilized Tribes (P5CT) has generally championed the rights of the native American population of Sequoyah ever since, while the Democrats generally receive heavy support from white Sequoyahns and the third party, the
Socialists, are more defined by a commitment to workers' rights, and generally do well in the southeastern coal country of 'Little Dixie' and inner city Tulsa.
Until the watershed 1930 election, the first after the onset of the Great Depression, the P5CT held onto power consistently, but the impact of the economic decline on the rural areas of the country as Tusla's oil industry continued to allow it to boom led to the Democrats effectively reaching out to younger Sequoyahns, many of whom had never voted for them before; after being elected, they changed the number of members of the House of Councillors from 128 to just thirty and cut the salaries of politicians, as well as focusing on bringing the boom of the city to the countryside through agricultural grants (though it was mostly whites who took these up). They would not lose power again until 1946, when the economy started declining even in Tulsa; after this, the P5CT managed to stay in power partly by efficient budgeting and partly because of their acquiescence to programs supported by the Socialists such as universal health insurance and the formation of unions for workers in the coal and oil industry, something the Democrats have adamantly opposed since their formation.
When the Democrats finally regained power again in 1978, as recession began to hit Sequoyah again, they had shifted considerably to the right, capitalizing not only on the upswing in support for free-market neoliberal economics but also incorporating a large dose of social conservatism on practically every issue except native American rights, which Sequoyah's largely native and mixed-race population has unsurprisingly been more liberal on than most countries in the Federation. It would not be until 1994 that the P5CT won back power, and they would go on to lose it again in 2010 in the wake of the Great Recession.
This context highlights just how unusual the 2018 general election was. The P5CT's new leader, Kendra Horn, was a moderate focused on delivering healthcare reform in the wake of the opioid crisis that had hit the state under Democratic Prime Minister James Lankford, while the Socialists took a more radical platform under their leader Connie Johnson, criticizing the Democrats for passing a transphobic 'bathroom bill' restricting the rights of transgender individuals in Sequoyah and for their strident budget cuts. Very few people expected a breakthrough for the two parties, especially given the Democrats had won re-election handily in 2014.
In actuality, however, the result was the first hung Parliament in Sequoyah since 1974. The P5CT were one seat behind the Democrats, and Johnson announced two days after the election that she would be willing to cooperate with Horn, but not Lankford, saying, 'The result between the two major parties was so narrow and the divide in their willingness to compromise with others is so great that I see no alternative but supporting the P5CT.' While the Democrats' supporters were predictably outraged, outside the state Horn's government has been looked upon rather positively, to the point that journalists have speculated Sequoyah might finally be about to shake its old reputation of being 'the land of oil, Hanson and basically nothing else'.
*Apologies that this is probably awful word choice, but my comprehension of Choctaw is practically nonexistent. If anyone has a suggestion for a better word choice, feel free to suggest it.