AHC/WI: Weakened Islamic Invasion

What if the Muslim invasion out of Arabia was disunited and you had several different Islamic leaders establish their own states, Maybe one leader seizes the Levant and Egypt whilst another takes Persia. How can we bring this about and were it to happen, what would be the results? Or as an alternative, what if the Muslim invasion was united but weaker. How could this be brought about?
 
For this to occur, there cannot be the conception of the caliphate to come into being... This system of governance creates for itself a wider unity, there would be little reason for Islam to occur among the Arabs had it not to a degree united their armies into motion. Remember in otl, there was already widespread factionalism, namely that governors and so forth ruled their lands as their own fiefs. So, this was already accomplished to a degree and armies had wide autonomy.
 

Khanzeer

Banned
What if the Muslim invasion out of Arabia was disunited and you had several different Islamic leaders establish their own states, Maybe one leader seizes the Levant and Egypt whilst another takes Persia. How can we bring this about and were it to happen, what would be the results? Or as an alternative, what if the Muslim invasion was united but weaker. How could this be brought about?
For once without a uniting ideology the romsns and persians would buy off the local chieftains like they did lakhamids and ghassanids
Or they would peter out in a generation like revolt of Zenobia
 
I think @Tomislav Addai has a good tl exploring this very idea.

For a weakened (at least temporarily) but still united caliphate, maybe you could have a prolonged, bloodier civil war(s).
 
Thanks for your input guys. So it seems that the way to weaken Islam’s spread would be to not nerf the actual invasion but instead the aftermath. How could we turn the rise of the Umayyad into a massive civil war that halts Islamic growth but allows them to keep already conquered territory.
 
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