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Okay, so, let's say that, sometime in the 19th Century in some ATL, Mexico loses (Alta) California to not just the U.S., but perhaps a *C.S.A. equivalent, or even a Republic of California, perhaps. How could this come about, and what might be the effects of this? For example, let's say that everything from the northern half of Monterey Bay(possibly with part of the border being the Pajaro River) onwards is part of the U.S., with everything south of that going to the 33rd parallel, and then with everything else remaining part of Baja California, Mexico.

Bonus points awarded if:

1. Unionist California still has it's capital in *Sacramento, or really close by.
2. TTL's *C.S.A. is less screwed up than ours, and survives, intact, to the present(both of which will require eliminating slavery, by the way. Preferably, by no later than 1910 or so).
3. Mexico becomes a genuinely functioning democracy by the 21st century.
4. The U.S. acquires *British Columbia, and/or Alaska. Double bonus points awarded if Alaska follows the Pacific watershed for it's eastern borders(think: The Story of a Party).
5. San Francisco keeps its OTL reputation as a liberal paradise.
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