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Could Deaf people have created their own state at any point? Either a fully independent sovereign state, or an autonomous state of another country.
You'd probably need an international Deaf sovereignty movement to spring up, a la Zionism.
If so... firstly, where might such a state be located? And secondly, what would its culture be likely to look like? Would non-deaf children who grew up in this country, to deaf parents, ever learn spoken language?