Even Britain couldn't afford 24 super-Dreadnoughts in a decade, never mind Japan.
It does depend on how you describe super dreadnoughts as the RN did afford, build and field 22 super dreadnoughts between 1912 and 1916 - 4 Orions, 4 KGVs, 4 Iron Dukes, 5 Queen Elizabeths and 5 Revenges. This was a few less than what was projected without the interruption of the Great War, which cut off a QE and a few Revenges.
Without a Great War, Britain and the USA could afford 2.5 ships per year if there was a glaring need for it.
After the Great War, there was no direct need, nor were the finances available on that level until the British and American rearmament plans of the late 1930s and early 1940s, with the RN aiming for eighteen new capital ships between 1937 and 1946 and the USN at least seventeen new capital ships. Once again, war was the major interruption.
There isn't any way that Japan can build an 8-8 fleet, let alone an 8-8-8 Fleet unless we remove a troublesome earthquake and the constraints of realism upon finance.