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With a PoD anywhere between 1900 and 1918, how can enough of the right strings be pulled so that the Ottoman Empire, not Russia (or maybe also them), becomes the stage of a socialist revolution in the early 20th century? One condition must be that this new "Ottoman USSR" holds on to Kurdistan, Iraq, and all of Syria at least. Holding Rumelia and Arabia is optional, but encouraged.
Could increased political dominance by conservative islamic forces (mostly supporting the sultan Abdul Hamid II), such as a successful counter-revolution in 1909, push the underground Young Turk movement sufficiently to the left as to make them more-or-less similar to the Russian bolsheviks?
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