Not technically possible, because the Stuarts weren't Capetian. Maybe in an Alt-French Revolution, some descendant of Charles Edward Stuart pulls a Bonaparte, or maybe Charles Emmanuel III dies childless, meaning that Louis XVIII becomes the Jacobite claimant in 1807 (this might cause friction, since he arrived in Britain exile in November of that year). Or maybe Victor Emmanuel I has no issue and the Comte d'Angouleme briefly fulfills the OP in 1830. Otherwise, nah.
Or did France have an agnatic succession law?
I guess that makes this impossible through legal means then.
One thought: if a king bears only daughters, but one of the daughters has a male son before the king's death, would that son not inherit?
King marries, has one son, marriage gets annulled, ex-queen marries someone else, has another son, son A inherits but dies before having children - brother inherits because of relation to son A despite lack of relation to original king?
Obviously now we're just having fun with succession law instead of discussing anything plausible.![]()
Oh yeah. Forgot about that Salic stuff. I guess it'd be possible a female Stuart marries into the Capetians and retains the claim on England. Theoretically.
So related question; How do you get France to Semi-Salic Law? This will most likely require a PoD before the Hundred Years War since France's entire legal justification for defending themselves from England in that war rested on their strictly Salic Law.
Louisa-Maria-Teresa-Stuart, Princess over the Water, daughter of James II and Mary of Modena and sister of the Old Pretender died in OTL in 1712 at 19. It could easily have been her brother (who was also sick but pulled through) who died instead. Say Louisa survives and is already married to Charles, Duke of Berri (Louis XIV's third grandson) and has issue. The French Royal Family thus becomes heir to the Jacobite line. If Berri survives (and is not thrown from his horse which could be easily butterflied away if he marries Louisa since he could be doing something else that day) and young Louis XV dies (which was always a possibility), a surviving Berri becomes Charles X. If he has a son the throne of France is now occupied by the Jacobite Pretender with real French military might behind him.