difficult
1. Persia, ME, North Africa, and Southern Europe had declined in land productivity for various reasons : climate change, soil salinization, desertification, etc
2. Better agricultural package (heavy plow, potato, winter wheat) had made Northern latitude ( Germany, Russia, Manchuria, etc) much more productive than in Ancient Times
3. Even Ottoman is much weaker compared to past empires in same areas because new rival arisen North of them.