AHC: Multiparty Spain

Currently and ever since 1982, Spain has been dominated by the same two, big tent parties, the PSOE (left-wing) and the PP (right-wing) with some minor parties here and there either representing eurocommunism or regional parties.

Your challenge is to with any PoD after 1975 make sure that the original intentions of the drafters of the Constitution of having a democracy of multiple parties serving in coalitions take place.

Bonus points if the political division in Parliament is formed by 2 or 3 big parties along with smaller, yet important, parties to form coalitions with.
 
Currently and ever since 1982, Spain has been dominated by the same two, big tent parties, the PSOE (left-wing) and the PP (right-wing) with some minor parties here and there either representing eurocommunism or regional parties.

Your challenge is to with any PoD after 1975 make sure that the original intentions of the drafters of the Constitution of having a democracy of multiple parties serving in coalitions take place.

Bonus points if the political division in Parliament is formed by 2 or 3 big parties along with smaller, yet important, parties to form coalitions with.
Letting the Republic win on the Civil War?
 
Quite simply, the Spaish electoral system is very majoritarian despite being PR. The third national party, IU (basically the communists), consistently get vastly fewer seats than they deserve for their votes and presumably this dissuades other potential parties from attempting to compete on the national level. Regional parties do have much greater success (which IMHO leads to a false perception of more separatism than really exists).
To improve this, just use a national allocation of seats, so a party which receives 37% of the vote, gets 37% of seats.
 
While the disproportionate number of seats for the big two certainly helps the Big Two, I think there is another reason: minority governments.

Please correct me if I am wrong, but to be elected to take over the government, the leader of the largest party in each session of the Cortes only needs the largest number of votes, not a majority. Since everyone knows that the largest party gets to form a government no matter what, there is both incentive to vote for one of the two parties capable of winning the plurality of seats and no incentive for minor parties to develop coalition forming habits that may get them a few more seats.

Still, the relatively small size of the electoral districts is a major factor.
 
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