Your challenge is to have an alternate timeline, with a POD after 1900, which sees the entirety of the territory of OTL's Xinjiang Province becoming an independent nation by the present day. East Turkestan, Uyghuristan, the Kumul Kingdom- it's up to you. Please note- it doesn't have to continually be independent throughout that period- it could be annexed (i.e, by the British, Russians, Ottomans, Afghans or Soviets), but so long as it becomes fully independent by the present day, you'll satisfactorily meet the challenge. What would be the most plausible way for this to happen? And what would be the wider implications of such a TL?