So have Distributism (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributism) Replace Socialism as the rival to capitalism in the 20th century. Bonus points for being creative with your timeline.
As far as Europe's concerned, you probably could have this happen with the right political maneuvering at the First International. See a greater split between Anarchists and Socialists, with Marx' faction being a center that cannot hold. From there, the Anarchists refuse to participate in electoral politics, essentially becoming proto-Impossibilists, and the Socialists abandon their hostility to religious ideas pretty early on. The Socialists from there cooperate with the more liberal-religious thinkers in Europe and distributism or something functionally similar to it becomes the dominant ideology of the European left.
In America, it's if anything even easier. It probably isn't impossible to get a William Jennings Brian victory in 1896 or otherwise, and from there to have either the Dems adopting Populist policies or the Populists supplanting one of the other two parties on the national stage. Likely, especially if they are in discourse with a stronger European distributist movement, they functionally develop quite similarly.