alternatehistory.com

I saw this map recently, and it got me thinking about this question, specifically with regard to the Balkans, but also to atleast Europe in general. At what point did fixed ethnicities and cultures really start to form in a way that their prospect for endurance was likely. For example, on this map, is it possible for all of the people of Dushan's Serbia to identify as Serbs and speak Serbian if the general extent of these frontiers could somehow be maintained? Would the identity of this state remain clearly Serbian if it ran as far south as Athens and the Morea?
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