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A Victory that changed the world

I

The position of the Portuguese in India was consolidated with the arrival of a new Viceroy, Afonso de Albuquerque, who conquered Goa in 1510. Having established Goa as the Portuguese eastern headquarters and naval base, de Albuquerque decided to capture Malacca and in April 1511, left Goa with 18 ships and 1400 men, comprising both Portuguese troops and Indian auxiliaries.

Upon their arrival in Malacca, the Portuguese did not attack immediately, but instead began negotiations for the return of their prisoners while the same time try to find any insider information regarding Malacca Fortress.


The generals were determined to win the war Malaccan troops attacked the Portuguese and destroyed the Portuguese troops in Malacca despite the fact that the King was Procrastinating, this happened because someone discovered that someone is collaborating with the Portuguese and convinced the troops that they should never pause because any delay will cause a defeat.


In a separate situation, the traitor was caught and thrown outside of Malacca.

The Sultan of Malacca thought that the war would end up as a failure but ended up as a success to the people of the Sultanate of Malacca.


In the second attempt that they tried to conquer Malacca in 1512 it ended up in failure so it was not tried again.


It is not known what would have happened if the battle was a Portuguese victory since Portugal was able to still establish in the Malay Archipelago.


II

Because of the growing Islamic force in Demak and Cirebon, the Hindu king of Sunda, Sri Baduga, sought assistance from the Portuguese at Goa. Sri Baduga would cede the city of Jayakarta to the Portuguese on 1515 in exchange for protection against the muslims. By 1522 the Portuguese were ready to form a full coalition with the Sundanese king in order to gain access to the profitable pepper trade.


The Portuguese would send in missionaries to Sunda to promote Christianity in Sunda, Sri Baduga would support the missionary efforts as he believes that the portuguese would protect his kingdom and allowing christianity would appease their allies, the portuguese.


In 1522, the Portuguese sent a ship from Goa, the São Sebastião under Captain Henrique Leme, to Sunda Kalapa with valuable gifts for the king of Sunda. Two written sources detail the concluding of the treaty: the original Portuguese document of 1522, with the text of the treaty and the signatures of the witnesses.


According to these sources, the Portuguese were welcomed warmly by the former crown prince, now King Prabu Surawisesa Jayapercosa (or King Surawisesa of Pajundan, also called Ratu Sang Hyang, Portuguese Ratu Samian); Barros called him King Samião. The Portuguese were allowed to build a fortress at the mouth of the Ciliwung River where they could load black pepper to their ships. The King also pledged to give one thousand sacks (more than 20 tons) each year to the Portuguese. The treaty was executed in two copies, one for the king of Sunda, one for the king of Portugal; each was signed on August 21, 1522. The Sundanese king's deputies were the chief mandarin Padam Tumangu (Honourable Tumenggung), the mandarins Sangydepaty (Sang Adipati) and Benegar (Bendahara or treasurer), and the shahbandar (harbourmaster) of the land, named Fabian.


"On the said day", these mandarins and other honorable men, together with Henrique Leme and his entourage, went to the mouth of the river where the fortress would be constructed, on the "land called Sunda Kalapa". There they erected a memorial stone, called a padrão, in what is now the Tugu sub-district of North Jakarta. It was a Portuguese custom to set up a padrão (memorial stone) when they discovered a new land. The padrão, now called the Luso-Sundanese padrão, is kept in the National Museum.


Because of troubles in Goa, Portuguese India, the Portuguese failed to keep their promise to come back the following year to construct the fortress. They did not return to the Java Sea until November, 1526, when they arrived in six ships from Bintan under the command of Francisco de Sá.



III


Sultan Bolkiah's victory over Maynilad/Kota Seludong by defeating the Majapahitan Hindus in Seludong and as well as his marriage to Laila Mecanai, the daughter of Sulu Sultan Amir Ul-Ombra, widened Brunei's influence in the Philippines.

This increased Brunei's wealth as well as extending Islamic teachings in the region, resulting in the influence and power of Brunei reaching its peak during this period. Bolkiah's rule reached essentially all of coastal Borneo, as far south as Banjarmasin, and as far north as the island of Seludong, including Kota Seludong in Northern Maritime South East Asia.

On the Abdul Kahar and his successor Saiful Rijal in Borneo would prosetylize Islam on the Coastal Seludong just like their predecessor Bolkiah.

Due to the Malaccan defeat of the Portuguese, Aceh and Demak would not be engaged in wars against the Portuugese because they are weaker in the east of the Indian Ocean and they would ignore the Portuguese vassal kingdoms like Sunda since they are weak enough to be a threat to them and due to this the Muslim traders and missionaries from Java and Sumatra would spread to Coastal Seludong inc. Seludong bay and Coastal Borneo causing the coastal towns of Faru, Bigan, Makabebe and Tundun to be totally islamicized in the end of the 16th century, the same would would happen in Kumintang area but the majority of the effort in the Kumintang area would be from Borneo.
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