A Plethora of Princes (13) - The World Writ Large

Thread 12 is not completed yet, but the general direction is known, and I'll complete it soon enough. Thread 13 picks up the plot with the funeral of King Wilhelm I of Prussia in 1888

A Plethora of Princes (13) - The World Writ Large

1888


The funeral of King Wilhelm I in Berlin was like a glossary of who was who in European royalty. The ninety-one year old monarch had been elderly when he had taken the throne, in 1861, and his reign of twenty-seven years had been longer than anyone could have imagined. It had seen Prussia fight Denmark in the mid 1860s, acquire suzerainty over the newly-independent duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, and then annex them outright on the death of their first independent ruler at the start of the 1880s. Prussia's actions had in many ways caused the collapse of the German Confederation's political function. The Diet at Frankfurt was no more, and only the commercial and customs treaties remained in effect. The newly-acquired port of Kiel was in the midst of a massive development into a first class naval base, and the years of the 1880s had seen steady progress on the construction of the Kiel Canal, across the isthmus to the North Sea.

Among those attending the funeral were the three longest-reigning monarchs in Europe, King Louis I of Belgium who had ruled since that country had achieved its independence at the start of the 1830s, and King George V of Great Britain, and King Francis I of Ireland, both of whose thrones owed themselves to the settlement of the British Civil War in 1836.

Another to garner much attention was Emperor Rudolph of Austria, now apparently much recovered from his depression, and displaying by his side his young Empress, Luisa Antoinette, clearly heavily pregnant with their first child.

Tsar Aleksandr II of Russia cut an imposing figure, whilst a more exotic pose was struck by Prince Nicholas of Montenegro, whose retinue was paid for at the personal expense of the Tsar, rather ominously as some observers remarked.

The newest monarch, apart from Prussia's own King Frederick III, was King George II of Greece who had succeeded his father only the previous year. In his early thirties, and with a tiny retinue, all that his impoverished kingdom could afford, he cut a pathetic and lonely figure on the fringes of the event, and few noticed his early departure for his kinsman's estates in the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

The youngest monarch, of course, was the adolescent King Charles XI of France, accompanying the Regent on a very rare journey outside of his kingdom.

With peace once again reigning in the world, it seemed as if the Old Order was signalling its re-establishment in full by the pomp and glamour of the occasion, respectful though it was to nonogenarian who had done much in his long reign to shape Prussia's modern course.

Grey Wolf
 
Maps - I will see what I can do, but am not sure how necessary it is.

For Italy, think of the independent states of around 1848, the states which with the exception of Lucca (swallowed by Tuscany as per OTL) have existed in their current form since 1815. This means Piedmont-Sardinia, the duchies of Parma and Modena, the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, the Papal States which include the Romagna, and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies which include Naples and Sicily. In the North, Lombardy-Venetia remain under Austrian rule. Its the Italy that endured half a century before the wars of OTL's late 1850s began the process of change.

For Germany, likewise think of the independent states before the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. The only changes are that Schleswig and Holstein have now been annexed by Prussia. That's the ONLY territorial change. Regarding the German Confederation, all of Luxembourg went into the new Kingdom of Belgium in the 1830s, and in the 1860s the Prussian garrison was withdrawn from Luxembourg City.

France, Spain, Portugal, no change fromj 1815, thus its the French borders before the 1860s, with Alsace-Lorraine of course, but also no Nice or Haute Savoy which remain part of Piedmont-Sardinia.

Belgium - this is the full Belgium from before the separation and includes all of Limburg (i.e. the dangly bit of the Netherlands) and all of Luxembourg. I've posted a map of it in the past and will see if I can find one again.

For Serbia and Montenegro this is the post-1830s, pre-1870s Serbia, but for Montenegro they do have the tiny slice of Hercegovina that they took in the early 1870s.

The Kingdom of Poland is Congress Poland, plus Galicia-Krakow from Austria. If you look at a map of 1815 it will show Congress Poland as a division inside Russia. Most maps of the Austrian Empire will show Galicia with its borders. Krakow will be shown on 1815 maps as independent, or on post-1846 maps as part of Galicia.

The Grand Duchy of Finland as added to Russia in 1815 can be considered to be sliced off and added to Sweden-Norway.

The principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia are more complex, as you have to get the exact date right on a map to get the Black Sea coast correct. Basically the Black Sea coast is NOT the Dobruja which remains Ottoman, but three small areas of Bessarabia which were ceded by Moldavia in c1812, which were retroceded later, and then re-ceded after that. I know I've got a map around here somewhere which would explain that !

The Kingdom of Ireland is all of the island of Ireland. Thus Great Britain is all of the rest of the British Isles.

The Kingdom of Greece is basically your mid-nineteenth century Greece, no Thessaly, but has Epirus added to it (a map should be able to show this, if not I'll see what I can find). The Republic of the Ionian Islands, as constituted in 1815, remains a British protectorate.

The Ottoman Empire is basically all of the rest of the European Balkans - this is from Bosnia-Hercegovina, Novi Pazar, Kosovo, Albania, Macedonia, Thessaly, Thrace, Bulgaria and the Dobruja. Added to that all of its OTL extent in Asia Minor, plus Syria, Mesopotamia and now some indeterminate slices of Persia, which would be in the Kurdish area and the South, and NOT Southern Azerbaijan which is Russian.

The Russian Empire - think of the Western extent in 1815, or 1914 for that matter. Cut off Finland (to Sweden), Congress Poland, and the small area of Southern Bessarabia (to Moldavia), but still hold all of White Russia, the Baltics, and the rest of Bessarabia. Russia includes all of the Caucasus, Southern Azerbaijan, the South shore of the Caspian Sea and Herat. In Part 12 it was completing the conquest of the rest of Persia, minus the sections occupied by the Ottoman Empire. In Central Asia, look at Khiva, Bokhara and Khokand at the start of the 1860s - these independent states remain, thus delineating Russia's border North of them. Russia however has all of Dzungaria, including Kuldja (basically the Northern half of OTL Sinkiang). In the East, if you look at the two provinces acquired from China in OTL, only the Northern one has been acquired, thus the Maritime Province where Vladivostock was built in OTL has remained Chinese. Russia has all of Alaska down to 54' 40" and has acquired the Yukon from Britain.

Egypt too can be considered a European power in terms of its interactions. It is an independent sultanate, and includes Palestine, Transjordania, the Lebanon (under French protection), the Hejaz, the Soudan etc. It also includes Crete.

I hope that explains Europe quite well. I'll see if I can find those maps for you all.

Grey Wolf
 
Aspects to be considered

Aspects to be considered and included in thread 13 :-

FR of Lower Canada - problems with the Maritime Provinces, pulling in France etc

Persian conquest completed - division between Russia and the Ottomans

Paraguay - constitutional monarchy
- Francisco calls himself II, and casts eyes at Brazil
- assassinated by his brother with covert British support, new king

Araucania and Patagonia
- cession of Tierra del Fuego, readjustment of border with Chile

Mention the Baluchi khan
- map ???

The Bakufu - Japan ???

Cuba
- industrialisation

King Frederick III of Prussia
- survives his throat cancer with competent doctors


Ideas ? Comments ? Thrusts ?

Grey Wolf
 
A map - independent Baluchistan

This map dates from the 1840s, but in the ATL the area has not changed in the South since then. Thus, take it as a map which shows independent Baluchistan as a buffer between Britain in India and Russia in Persia

Grey Wolf

.

baluchistan.jpg
 
Prussia

This map isn't brilliant in many ways, but the one useful aspect is that it clearly shows Prussia, and also clearly shows Schleswig and Holstein. Add them together and you get Prussia of 1888

Grey Wolf

1848 map c.jpg
 
Persia more

OK, this is a complex map. OTL its from 1849. You can again see clearly the position of independent Baluchistan. You can also see the areas of Persia I intend Russia to conquer in the 1840s :-

Southern Azerbaijan at the top left

The two provinces at the South of the Caspian

The province of Herat

Now, with the Russian conquest of Persia in the mid-late 1880s you can assume the following :-

- The Ottoman Empire has the province at lower left, and the left-most third of the mid-left province

- Russia gets the rest

- One could postulate some autonomous states surviving in the East, not sure where the Aga Khan has his origins, but its around there somewhere

Grey Wolf

.

1849focus.jpg
 
OK, here is the map of Belgium, showing Belgium as part of the United Netherlands. Take this, add the rest of Limburg as a conquest

Grey Wolf

.

belgium 1830.jpg
 
Ionian Islands

Hardly a contemporary map, but this shows the islands which formed the Republic of the Ionian Islands (well there is another much further South off the map)

Grey Wolf

.

ionian_islands.jpg
 
Regarding the Maritimes:

Remember that half of New Brunswick (I think generally the northern section) is French Speaking. I don't know what sort of crack-up you are considering of Lower Canada, but I think some partition is likely if the Maritimes try to leave.
 
eschaton said:
Oh, and what's that dot inside Luxembourg?

Good question - hopefully irrelevant :)

Er, I don't know but am not going to worry about it. Its not my map, I'm just using it to show which bits I mean

Grey Wolf
 
Thats why I hate maps :( I was hoping people would only use the maps as I directed in each posting. If people take EVERYTHING on a map to be relevant, well I can't post any anymore

As for Afghanistan I've been pretty vague deliberately since the Sikh Wars as I simply cannot keep everywhere in the world in play at the same time. I realise its a failure, and encourages generalities which might be found to be crap

Grey Wolf
 
Part 2 - the rest of the 1880s

Sometimes it is useful to stop and look back on how a decade ends. To many at the New Year in 1890, this was certainly a time for this.

In some parts of the world, the past couple of years alone had brought about major changes.

The Russo-Ottoman conquest of Persia was declared over by the end of the Summer 1889 campaigning season. The Ottomans occupied the South-Western province, and the Westernmost third of the central Western province. The Russians occupy the rest, but in the East of the country, several local rulers remain in control, with self-rule but mostly autonomous under Russian suzerainty.

The Khan of Kalat, ruler of Baluchistan remains independent, playing off Russian influence against British from out of India.

The situation within the Federal Republic of Canada is a confusing one. The war has made many people rich, mainly from dubious activities, smuggling, third-party selling and profiteering. The government at Montreal had taken out a large loan from France, offered by the Duke of Chartres in cousinly fortitude. With the pressures of war lifted, the trade barriers with Rupertsland and the USA lifted, the Maritime Provinces began a seccessionist movement against the enforced federation with Lower Canada that Britain's Radicals had forced upon them. By 1889, a peaceful separation had been agreed. New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island would remain with Quebec, as would Labrador. Nova Scotia and Newfoundland embarked on a federation of their own. Most observers expected it to last little more than a few years. Meanwhile, in the areas remaining in federation with Quebec, various tensions and rivalries remained.

Paraguay saw a major change in the aftermath of victory. Under British auspices, Juan Francisco - Panchito - Lopez had himself crowned King Francisco II in the Summer of 1888. During 1889, he began to make threatening moves towards the Empire of Brazil, over the province of Mato Grosso. June 1889, Paraguay awoke to the stunning news that Francisco II was dead, murdered in his bed as he slept. In what seemed to many like a coup d'etat, his younger brother, with British suport evident in the presence of British soldiers in La Paz, was crowned king in succession to Francisco. The border tensions with Brazil soon ebbed away from the national consciousness.

In Araucania and Patagonia, 1888 saw Chile finally agree to come to the negotiating table with King Achilles I. With British and French diplomats present in renewed strength, Chile agreed to limit her claims to a specific area of Northern Araucania, but held out for the cession of Tierra del Fuego, but agreed not to establish settlements there, except in co-operation with King Achilles' government.

Benefitting from the compensation in kind from the Treaty of Montreal, Spanish industrialists in Havana and Santiago-de-Cuba brought modern industrial practices to those cities, and further furnished with loans from British banks, began a more general modernisation of Cuban society. Somewhat to the surprise of many, the Confederate exile populations proved to be keen to buy into the revolution. Whilst retaining slaves on their own estates, they embraced modernism in the industrial process.

After the war, the Caribbean trade which had fallen into the hands of Texan and Mexican merchants and shipowners for the large-part remained under the control of Galveston, Vera Cruz and the like. The US merchant marine would revive, but find new markets. Those lost so close to home would remain lost. It was boomtime in Texas.

Trouble in the United Provinces of Central America was viewed as endemic. Putting down secessionist movements, waging campaigns against the rebels, kept many ex-US army troops in a living after the expeditionary force was withdrawn from South America. The trans-oceanic railway had evolved massively during the war and continued to be important to US trade. The Trans-Oceanic Canal, now running behind schedule, was a major focus of US attention in this difficult period.

November 1888 saw a presidential election in the United States. The Reform Party of William T Sherman had schismed, putting up several candidates, one of whom merged with several minor movements to form a new Populist Party and provide the strongest opposition to the US Radical Party, but the result was never quite within doubt, and the Radicals won the election, their candidate being sworn in as successor to Charles F Adams and Charles Sumner as the bearer of the Radical flame.

Grey Wolf
 
I think you best bet for a Radical candidate would be , ironically enough, Benjamin Harrison, OTL winner of that year.

He also seems to to have been very supportive of heavy expansion of the Navy and its modernization. This would make since after a defeat inflicted at sea, numerous times. So the US navy is going to be built with the sole aim of a. blockading Rupertsland from Great Britain, b. enabling invasions of the British West Indies, and supporting any Allies throughout the Americas. So I think that a Naval Arms Race is a given, even if someone else besides Harrison is elected.
 
I wonder what the requisites for a dreadnought were? Could they be built earlier then OTL by Britain, becasue the threat to their fleet is earlier then OTL? Could the Americasn build them first?
 
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