A Loose Bandage - McKinley Lives!

Another freaky website

http://www.nationalreview.com/kopel/kopelprint041001.html

but does contain the useful note


The 1907 Tillman Act (2 U.S. Code section 441b) makes it "unlawful for any national bank, or any corporation…to make a contribution or expenditure in connection" with a federal election. The term "contribution or expenditure" is defined broadly, to include "any thing of value." The Tillman Act has never been interpreted to apply to propaganda from the media


But still that does not immediately address a candidate's ownership of that media...

Grey Wolf
 
Hmmm

As Hearst continued to accumulate more newspapers in major markets, his
media empire continued to grow. By the turn of the century, he was a national force. He began using his power and influence to pursue political office. In 1902, he was elected to Congress from New York, running on a ticket that championed working class and immigrants. Much like Congressmen today, Hearst felt the position was a stepping stone to loftier goals as he seldom voted and only appeared on the floor to promote his own pet projects. It was the Presidency that Hearst yearned for, and he would take any elected office along the way to reach that goal.


In 1904, Hearst finished second in the balloting for the Democratic presidential nomination. Undaunted, he also ran for mayor and governor of New York but was also rebuffed. Many believe it was the radicalism of Hearst's newspapers that made him a liability to the Democratic party. Although Hearst would never realize his Presidential aspirations, he would remain throughout the decades a confidant of world leaders, entertainers and opinion makers. If he could not make the key decisions he felt the country needed to make, then he would make sure he could influence the people who did.


from
http://www.nyu.edu/classes/keefer/ww1/byrne.html

I guess I wasn't following this close enough - if he could get into Congress and come second in OTL without his ownership of the newspapers being mentioned then I assume it wasn't an issue prior to being elected

As you say it may be an issue in some way afterwards, but looking at Hearst I think he would do a Berlusconi and find ways NOT to divest himself of control...

That might well lead to Congress challenging him to do so

Grey Wolf
 
A Loose Bandage Pt. 9

August 1908 – June 1909


- Just weeks prior to the election, the first steam shovels bite into
the soggy Nicaraguan soil, beginning the excavation of the Nicaraguan
Canal. It is projected that the Canal will take at least seven years
to build, setting the completion date in mid-summer of 1915. The
administration uses the groundbreaking as evidence of the progress
made by President Root over the course of the last four years.

The public, however, is nonplussed by the whole event. What just last
year would have been celebrated as a grand example of American
innovation and strength is now nothing but a money pit. To the average
worker who spends his time counting his pennies, the construction of a
Canal he'll never see in a nation he can't place on a map, assuming he
could even afford one, is just not exciting news.

- What is exciting news, however, is the active support given to
William Randolph Hearst by Samuel Gompers, the President of the
American Federation of Labor (AFL). Throughout the autumn months, the
English immigrant turned labor leader makes a series of speeches on
behalf of Hearst, who seems to hide somewhat behind his vast media
empire. Hearst knew that his speaking voice was sub-par and intended
to do everything (within reason that) he could to avoid large public
events.

The election quickly turns into feeding frenzy for the media. Hearst's
vast array of periodicals and newspapers print articles displaying the
political exploits of their owner in glowing praise. while painting
the Root Presidency as one of conservatism and disdain for the average
worker. In truth, Hearst's governorship has been one of marginal
success, much like Root's own administration. His liberal initiatives
forced labor legislation and insurance reform into the forefront of
the New York political world.

On the other side of the ball, Elihu Root runs a rather gentlemanly
campaign. Rather than directly attacking Hearst, the President instead
points to his own political record, highlighting the bright spots
while conveniently ignoring his rather dismal economic record. When he
does go on the attack, it is his aides who make the direct accusations
against Hearst, rather than the President, himself. For instance, at a
speech in Illinois, Secretary of War Roosevelt, who has his
differences with Root but rather more with Hearst refers to the
Governor of New York as "the most dangerous candidate in the past half
century" and labels him as "dreadfully inexperienced." The only
problem with Root's campaign: sometimes attacks and allegations are
exactly what the public wants to hear.

- Just after the election, the American troops in Cuba are finally
relieved of duty and readied to return home after a ten-year
occupation of the island captured in the Spanish-American War. While
many Americans are glad to see their soldiers return homes, as many
are upset to see the last vestiges of American military power leave
its military conquests. For Cubans, the exodus of the United States
Army is just what the doctor prescribed. By the last days of 1908, the
Cuban government is, for the first time, trying to flex a little
diplomatic muscle of their own, albeit unsuccessfully.

- Young HERBERT N. SCHWARZKOPF was mesmerized by the display of
fireworks blooming above New York City. The thirteen-year-old was
transfixed by the show, craning his head back to get a better view of
the tremendous barrage of synchronized explosions and dazzling flashes
of multi-colored lights. Sitting on a stretch of Jersey coast,
Schwarzkopf suddenly knew exactly what he wanted to be when he got
older: the President of the United States, just like William Randolph
Hearst. But just how does one go about becoming the President, he
wondered?

- The early months of the Hearst Presidency see the introduction of
two key bills in the House of Representatives. The first bill, which
becomes known as the Clark-La Follette Tariff Act, is designed to
lower the exceedingly high tariff rates established by the McKinley
administration. The bill, highly opposed by conservative elements of
the Republican party, is nevertheless passed with relative ease by a
coalition of reform-minded Democrats and progressive Republicans.

The second bill, however, is much more complicated and controversial.
It proposes, in the wake of the greatest financial panic since the
conclusion of the Civil War, the creation of a Third Bank of the
United States. Almost all of the major European powers have developed
centralized controls over their banking systems, but the United
States, up until this point, still adamantly refuses to centralize the
nation's banks, despite mass popular sentiment in favor of it. The
passage of this bill is going to take a lot of time.

- Across the Pacific, German attempts at negotiations have finally
found a willing ear. After nearly a year of strenuous nitpicking and
beating around the bush, the German and Japanese governments finally
agree to a jointly announced "Treaty of Friendship." While not a
defensive treaty, per se, the treaty nevertheless tightens relations
between the two nations with the common enemy to the point where
Britain protests the actions of their own (nominal) ally.

The Japanese rather fatefully ignore the British protests. After all,
their supposed ally had made a defensive pact of their own with the
Russian government, the worst enemy of Japan. The Asian nation is no
longer sure of its standing with the British government and, in the
end, decide to act in their own best interests. After all, the Germans
are the enemy of their enemy. Doesn't that make them, by default,
friends? And the United Kingdom? Well, the British the friends of
their enemy; making them…what? In the meantime, the international
scene grows even murkier.
 
Very interesting

This Schwarzkopf Norman's dad ? Was he born in the USA ?

Wasn't Germany involved in the Japanese army anyway ?

Grey Wolf
 
Still a very good TL. While Liberal in many ways in this point of his development (and in this TL his eveolution to the RIght may not happen) I see The Chief (WRH) as being in favor of a strong military--incl. but perhaps not limited to a strong navy (concerns about Mexico will make him look at the Army as well).

You seem to be trying to make the First World War more like the Second. Usually that trick comes across as forced but your TL however is doing it with an unusual plausibility.
 
Grey Wolf said:
This Schwarzkopf Norman's dad ? Was he born in the USA ?

Yes. He was born in NJ and was the superintendent of the NJ State Police during the late '20s and early '30s. He designed the NJ SP from the ground up and it was he who led the police investigation into the Lindbergh kidnapping.

Grey Wolf said:
Wasn't Germany involved in the Japanese army anyway ?

Not that I'm aware of. Or, at least, not to a great degree.
 
Tom_B said:
You seem to be trying to make the First World War more like the Second. Usually that trick comes across as forced but your TL however is doing it with an unusual plausibility.

Truthfully, I'm not exactly sure what I'm trying to do. I haven't looked ahead more than a year or two in TTL and I'm just trying to go from one step to the plausible aftermath of that step and so on. I don't even really know what WWI in TTL is going to look like.
 
A Loose Bandage Pt. 10

July 1909 – March 1910


- Tragedy strikes the Hearst administration within its first five
months in office. The nation mourns the late Vice President, who dies
of an intestinal disorder in August of 1909. John Albert Johnson, the
former Governor of Minnesota, is remembered chiefly for his gift of
gab and his gracious, magnetic personality. President Hearst plays the
death of his second-in-command to perfection, attempting to use his
death as a springboard for his social reforms.

- Congress, however, wants nothing to do with many of Hearst's
proposed reforms. The primarily conservative, Republican Congress will
hear nothing regarding the nationalization of the country's railroads
nor will they hear of the creation of a federal income tax. While
Hearst is outraged by Congress's lack of understanding towards his
propositions, he is even outraged when it votes against the creation
of a national bank.

While the nationalization of the railroads and the creation of a
federal income tax are, by Hearst's judgment, necessary, they are his
propositions, not the desires of a majority of the population. The
national bank, on the other hand, is the product of mass popular
sentiment. Hearst sees the dismissal of the issue by Congress as the
actions of an inept body of corrupt politicians. From this point
onward, Hearst will show an almost supernatural disdain for
politicians, in general, the only exceptions being himself and
Secretary of State Bryan.

- President Hearst proposes a massive "military revitalization"
focusing specifically on new technologies available to but untested by
the United States armed forces. The proposal, which becomes the Armed
Forces Revitalization Appropriations Bill, is passed by Congress in
the winter of 1909-1910. President Hearst leaves no doubt that the
bill is to discourage the Japanese from meddling in the Pacific and
the Europeans from meddling on the American continents.

The bill calls for the expansion of the Dreadnought-type class of
battleships and the investigation and expansion into submersible
technologies for the Navy. The naval aspect of Armed Forces
Revitalization Appropriations Bill will even include financing for the
testing of naval aeronautical technology, leading to the first powered
flight off a US Naval vessel in the autumn of 1910.

The Army's portion of the bill calls for the development of a reliable
machine gun to be fielded by infantry and for the creation of an Army
Air Corps, to investigate the possible military applications of the
airplane. By the summer of 1910, inventor John Browning was working on
the machine-gun question while Glenn Curtiss busily designs the
nation's first scout aircraft.

- Meanwhile, in the process of upgrading the United States Navy,
Hearst has made his dislike of the Japanese, and his intention to keep
them where they belong, painfully obvious. The President's mistrust of
the Japanese is returned tenfold from across the Pacific, where the
Japanese fearfully eye the buildup of the US Navy. Fearing their own
navy will no longer be powerful enough to match the Americans alone,
the Japanese do exactly as the Germans told them not to…

On a cool day in November of 1909, Prime Minister Saionji Kinmochi
makes an announcement that will forever change the politics of the
Pacific. The Empire of Japan, fearful of the growing power of both the
United States and the Russian Empire, declares its formal military
alliance with the German Empire, boldly warning the Americans that any
attack on Japan will be met with the force of not only the Japanese
military but the Imperial German military, as well.

To say that the British government is not pleased by this turn of
events is a dramatic understatement. The British response is swift
and, within two weeks of the Japanese announcement, the Anglo-Japanese
Treaty is no more. In the meantime, President Hearst is smiling.
Hearst, a known Anglophobe, could not be happier that his two enemies,
Japan and Britain, are bickering. After all, what better way to hurt
ones enemies than to make them fight amongst themselves?

- While it goes unnoticed by the public, President Hearst's first
appointee to the Supreme Court takes to the bench replacing Associate
Justice Rufus Peckham, who had died during the lame duck period of
Elihu Root. The first of Hearst's five appointees, all are alike in
that they have been carefully selected to match Hearst's political
views. Not one of his eventual Justices (the last takes the stand in
January of 1911) is a career politician.

- President Hearst takes the opportunity presented to him by the
squabbling foreign powers to reiterate and expand the Monroe Doctrine.
The Hearst Extension gives the United States not just the authority to
warn European nations out of American affairs, but its gives the
United States sole international policing power over the nations of
North and South America. It announces that the United States reserves
for itself the right to intervene in the domestic conflicts of other
American nations if they "pose a threat to the stability of that
nation, and, thus, the entire Western Hemisphere."

This extension to the Monroe Doctrine is supported by expansionists
throughout the United States and is generally applauded by most,
although many laborers and socialists would simply prefer larger
domestic reforms rather than foreign policy and military reforms.
Nevertheless, while the Hearst Extension is a popular policy among the
citizens of the United States, unsurprisingly, it does not hit the
same key with the populations of other American states.

Of course, not many in the United States expect that the Hearst
Expansion to be brought to the forefront of American politics and
foreign policy as quick as it does.
 
Took me a while to recognize that Hearst was already elected. It's a shame about the refusal on the nationalized bank system- guess that'll bite them on the arse- given of course if there'll be a Depression like OTL.
 
You've got both Hearst Extension and Hearst Expansion down there

I think one thing which is always missed about the Monroe Doctrine was that at the time it was supported by Britain as a way of preventing Spain getting back its old colonies

Legally speaking, this Hearst Extension has no basis. Its the president of the USA basically making a policy statement. It may well warn off Europeans but it does NOT put them outside of any commitment on their part if they do things. Its an act of American arrogance, and the sort of calculations that must be made in Europe is whether Hearst is egotistical madman enough to back it with force ?

Grey Wolf
 
What Hearst is doing is making explicit something only a little bit bolder (and much more coherenet) than what was the implicit American policy towards Latin America in that era (for some reason I've been interested in the 1915 intervention in Haiti of late).

If America intervenes in Mexico and the British see their interests in the Tampico oil fields threatened--US/GB relations can deteriorate still further.

Beck has already earned Bonus Points for having Root and Hearst President of the US in the same TL. Now if he can make Pancho Villa Presidente of Mexico he hits the Trifecta!
 
The first of Hearst's five appointees, all are alike in
that they have been carefully selected to match Hearst's political
views. Not one of his eventual Justices (the last takes the stand in
January of 1911) is a career politician.

He may choose them but doesn't the House have to confirm them ? How come they confirm five guys who are clearly chosen for political reasons ? Won't the opposition cry foul ? And also, what about mid-term elections, these usually give a boost to the opposition and if the first judges pass unchallenged, I would certainly think the later ones would thereafter be challenged

it gives the
United States sole international policing power over the nations of
North and South America. It announces that the United States reserves
for itself the right to intervene in the domestic conflicts of other
American nations if they "pose a threat to the stability of that
nation, and, thus, the entire Western Hemisphere."

Sole international policing power means nothing if it is taken on board by the USA unilaterally. Most European interventions were due to loan defaults. I assume Hearst is not saying he will collect loans outstanding for European nations for them instead ?

Grey Wolf
 
Grey Wolf said:
He may choose them but doesn't the House have to confirm them ? How come they confirm five guys who are clearly chosen for political reasons ? Won't the opposition cry foul ? And also, what about mid-term elections, these usually give a boost to the opposition and if the first judges pass unchallenged, I would certainly think the later ones would thereafter be challenged.

Yes, they're chosen for political reasons but they're nevertheless respected lawyers. Justices are approved by the Senate and, in this case, the Democratic Party holds the majority of the Senate. Mid-term elections will not occur until November of 1910. Thus, the last Justice is confirmed by the lame-duck Congress two months before the Republicans actually have a working majority on the floor.


Grey Wolf said:
Sole international policing power means nothing if it is taken on board by the USA unilaterally. Most European interventions were due to loan defaults. I assume Hearst is not saying he will collect loans outstanding for European nations for them instead ?

It does mean something in the eyes of the US government which, in this case, is the only party that matters. This was the de facto American policy towards Latin America during this period anyhow and, in fact, Hearst is just clarifying and consolidating US policy.

Tom, damn you! I was leading the timeline in the direction that you guessed. I was going to postulate a scenario in which Villa would be President of Mexico, but now that you've suggested that...I don't know if I should continue in that direction lest I sound like I'm trying to produce a desired result.
 
A Loose Bandage Pt. 11

August 7, 1910: The White House


"The stability of Mexico and your United States are gravely threatened
by the corruption of the Diaz regime," Francisco Madero said, pleading
his case to the President of the United States. The man who should be
the President of Mexico was nearly reduced to tears of frustration.
He'd won the election, Goddamnit.

"Mr. Madero, we understand you frustration, but there is simply
nothing that the United States can do to-" a cough cut the Secretary
of State off. Bryan still flushed slightly at being interrupted by who
he thought of as his intellectual inferior.

"William, that's not exactly true. I mean, after all, this a perfect
opportunity to show the World that the United States says what it
means and means what it says," President William Randolph Hearst
looked at Madero while talking to Bryan.

"I think that this is the opportunity of lifetime. I mean, we did
state just a year ago that civil conflicts within American nations are
the sole domain of the United States – and if we don't settle this
conflict ourselves, who will? The British, or even the Germans, that's
who." Hearst would be damned if any politician let this opportunity
slip from his grasp. "No, we can't allow that to happen," Hearst gazed
thoughtfully into space before continuing.

"Now, Mr. Madero, what would you require from us?"

May 1910 – December 1910

- When Porfirio Diaz won an improbably large election against his main
opponent, the imprisoned Francisco I. Madero, in the summer of 1910,
few had any idea of the extent of the consequences of Diaz's corrupt
election. With his (nominal) defeat, Francisco Madero was released
from jail, at which point he promptly fled to Texas and, eventually,
on to Washington, where he found an eager listener in William Randolph
Hearst.

Hearst viewed the Mexican's misfortune as prime opportunity to show
the strength of the reinvigorated American military and the commitment
of the United States to follow through with the promotion of democracy
and its own policies. Perhaps, even at this point, Hearst was viewing
Mexico as a potentially juicy target for American expansionism.

While it cannot be proven by the legislators watching him from Capitol
Hill, Hearst believes that by helping Madero, he will be able to win
influence over the nation and, possibly, at a future date, turn it
into an American protectorate.

Thus it is that, at six in the morning on September 20, General
Leonard Wood leads American soldiers across the Rio Grande to "protect
and ensure the empowerment of the legal government of Mexico," headed,
of course, by Francisco Madero. What the Army meets on the Mexican
side of the Rio Grande is nothing less than a revolutionary army.
Organized by Madero's uncle, the Mexican Revolutionary Army meets its
American supporters and begin the march southward.

- The United States Navy commissions its first Dreadnought-type, all
big-gun battleship, the USS Virginia. Several more ships of that class
are still in the dockyards of the nation's great ports, being
furiously constructed by the legions of workers employed by government
contractors in the wake of the Great Panic of 1907.

- Meanwhile, the British are none too pleased by the American
invasion, whether or not it is supporting the legal government of
Francisco Madero. Fearing for their oil investments outside the city
of Tampico, the British ambassador soon meets with President Hearst,
who calmly informs the British that all matters pertaining to the
civil conflict in Mexico are in the sole domain of the United States.
However, he also promises the British that neither he nor the new
Mexican government will interfere with the British-run fields,
bringing the protests out of London to a dull roar.

- On a lighter note, as much of the news of this time seems rather
dark, the average American family can now afford an automobile. The
best-selling Cadillac "Thirty-Five," the price of which has actually
dropped since its first construction to slightly less than four
hundred dollars, making it affordable to average American worker. By
this time, nearly a million and a half "Thirty-Five's" have been sold.
Production levels continue to increase.

- The fighting of the Mexican Revolution is short but brutal. While
American and Mexican regular forces capture the city of Monterrey,
Mexican revolutionary Francisco Villa captures the northern city of
Ciudad Juarez. Mexico serves as a proving ground for the Army's new
weapons, the machine gun and the scout aircraft, both of which are
tested in limited numbers in the deserts of northern Mexico. While the
Browning Machine Gun proves dependable, the handful of aircraft which
see service prove to be unreliable in the sands of the desert. For the
time being, the Army Air Corps is scrapped.

Only hours before he has decided to tender his resignation, Porfirio
Diaz is arrested by members of his own military, headed by Victoriano
Huerta. General Huerta immediately invites the legitimate President of
the Mexican government into his capital. Upon his arrival in Mexico
City, however, newly-official President Madero is assassinated by a
zealous follower of Porfirio Diaz. Madero's dying statement, however,
requests that Huerta, who has experience leading the bureaucracy of
the Mexican government, take his place as President of the Republic.

This final statement potentially saves a number of years of political
infighting and even, some say, a full scale civil war. Within hours of
Madero's death, Victoriano Huerta is installed as the next President
of the Republic of Mexico and, even more importantly, his legitimacy
is not heavily contested by the other revolutionary leaders.
Meanwhile, ominously, the American forces remain in Mexico, nominally
to "ensure its stability," and, in fact, their numbers grow. President
Huerta, however, sees through the poorly laid American smokescreen.
 
Huerta

My understanding is that Huerta was a really first rate alcoholic. Still a very interesting TL and I may have more substantial comments later.
 
Tom_B said:
My understanding is that Huerta was a really first rate alcoholic. Still a very interesting TL and I may have more substantial comments later.

My understanding is that, after his overthrow, he became one and quickly drank himself to death while under house arrest in 1915 in Texas. However, I understand that before his arrest in 1915, he was a fully functional heavy drinker, but not an alcoholic.
 
Ah...shades of Decades of Darkness abound in your TL....

Good stuff as always-

I was most saddened by the scrapping of the Air Core :(

Are there any intentions towards Cuba/Puerto Rico? Does Hearst see a target there? What are the public's view of him "helping" Mexico?
 
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G.Bone said:
Ah...shades of Decades of Darkness abound in your TL....

Good stuff as always-

I was most saddened by the scrapping of the Air Core :(

Are there any intentions towards Cuba/Puerto Rico? Does Hearst see a target there? What are the public's view of him "helping" Mexico?

Sorry but, at this point, I don't think an Air Corps would have been too successful had it been instituted. Oh well, it will reappear eventually.

I don't understand the reference to the Decades of Darkness TL. Could you explain further?

Well, the US owns Puerto Rico ("Porto Rico") as it did in OTL. And, while Cuba would certainly be an excellent acquisition for the Hearst government, he's preoccupied with the Mexican affair at the moment. As for the public's perception of the Mexican campaign...it is initially favorable (due to the influence, mainly, of Hearst's media empire) but it will soon turn (violently) against the whole affair when Huerta realizes Hearst's intentions and riots begin in Mexico against the US "occupiers," demanding greater amounts of US soldiers than the army has at the moment. That gives away some of the TL, BTW, which, I hope, will remain interesting.
 
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