Kaze
Banned
I shall break it down what is needed.
---Breathing.
An alchemist in theory could chemically extract oxygen from water, but doing so it would be highly dangerous for said alchemist. Of course why would he?
---Space Suit.
Leonardo Da Vinci and others proposed under-water breathing suits. Said suits could in theory be used as a space suit. In the real world - a good many astronauts were trained first in scuba in order to get used to weightlessness and their space suits.
---Crew modual.
You need a capsule or crew compartment that can survive the rigors of re-entry and be the right size. The closest analog that could be use would be bell-making - in theory, the Tsar Bell is the right size for an Apollo Capule and likely if it were not broken could survive re-entry.
---Fuel.
For every ton of cargo you need at least two to ten tons of fuel. Gunpowder could work - the problem with gunpowder is if you pile too much of it into one pile it will explode.
The other option is liquid fuel - before you say, wait - wait liquid fuel does not exist in the past... There is an option here - the early Goddard-style, V1, and V2 rockets used pure Kerosene - or the midevil equivalent would be Greek Fire.
Or there is the ASB way - make a Faustian deal with the devil.
---Mathematics.
You need to know the distance between the earth to the moon - where in you need Galileo, Kepplar, or Tycho Brahe who caculated the distance with uncanny accurcy.
You need to know the area underneath a curve - this is so that you can arc your rocket towards the moon and have the moon catch up to it. Such mathematics is hard - I would nominate Galileo and Kepler, then of course Isaac Newton whose calculus gave us the easy answer. My reasoning for the Galileo nomination is his little-known treatise on cannons, wherein he describes how to arc a cannon ball so that it can hit a swaying enemy ship, and he did this before the advent of Calculus. Kepler did the same considering the orbit of Mars compared that to the Earth and sun - doing this before the advent of calculus.
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so the short answer is sometime during the post-Renaissance or Enlightenment period would / could have all these things.
---Breathing.
An alchemist in theory could chemically extract oxygen from water, but doing so it would be highly dangerous for said alchemist. Of course why would he?
---Space Suit.
Leonardo Da Vinci and others proposed under-water breathing suits. Said suits could in theory be used as a space suit. In the real world - a good many astronauts were trained first in scuba in order to get used to weightlessness and their space suits.
---Crew modual.
You need a capsule or crew compartment that can survive the rigors of re-entry and be the right size. The closest analog that could be use would be bell-making - in theory, the Tsar Bell is the right size for an Apollo Capule and likely if it were not broken could survive re-entry.
---Fuel.
For every ton of cargo you need at least two to ten tons of fuel. Gunpowder could work - the problem with gunpowder is if you pile too much of it into one pile it will explode.
The other option is liquid fuel - before you say, wait - wait liquid fuel does not exist in the past... There is an option here - the early Goddard-style, V1, and V2 rockets used pure Kerosene - or the midevil equivalent would be Greek Fire.
Or there is the ASB way - make a Faustian deal with the devil.
---Mathematics.
You need to know the distance between the earth to the moon - where in you need Galileo, Kepplar, or Tycho Brahe who caculated the distance with uncanny accurcy.
You need to know the area underneath a curve - this is so that you can arc your rocket towards the moon and have the moon catch up to it. Such mathematics is hard - I would nominate Galileo and Kepler, then of course Isaac Newton whose calculus gave us the easy answer. My reasoning for the Galileo nomination is his little-known treatise on cannons, wherein he describes how to arc a cannon ball so that it can hit a swaying enemy ship, and he did this before the advent of Calculus. Kepler did the same considering the orbit of Mars compared that to the Earth and sun - doing this before the advent of calculus.
===============================================
so the short answer is sometime during the post-Renaissance or Enlightenment period would / could have all these things.