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What if a colonial power in Europe decided to directly conquer and colonize regions of China (at the expense of a decaying and collapsing older dynasty), and justify it to the people by proclaiming a new Dynasty? It might be similar to the British in India, making the monarch "Emperor of India", or the Italians in Ethiopia.
Could this ever happen for any amount of time?
I'm picturing an 18th century European ruler with a powdered whig wearing yellow robes and taking an era name