In 1973 the Arab forces achieved stunning initial successes.
However the situation turned against them in later phases of the war.
What would have happened, if a ceasefire would have come into effect significantly later (lets say a week or two)?
scenario:
1) Both Superpowers continue massive material support.
2) The Superpowers refrain from military intervention. If you don't think that is possible, at least no WW3.
3) WMD use by the Arabs or Israelis is fair game, if it is reasonably shown why they do it.
My guess:
Sinai:
I doubt, that Egypt would have been able to break the encirclement of their Third Army.
So at some point, it is likely that the Israelis would have captured the Third Army. This would have given them a large number of POWs, as a bargaining chip in negotiations. And with the degradation of the Egyptian SAM capabilities, and a secure foothold on the "African" side of the canal, Israel would have probably been able to secure both sides of the Canal.
I doubt, especially in light of the high casualties and the political situation, that Israel would advance towards Cairo.
Syria:
Puh, hard to tell. I don't think that Israel had any real reason to advance towards Damascus further. Syria on the other hand planned a counteroffensive. I assume, that the counteroffensive would have probably been a costly failure.
After that, the cards would have probably been reshuffled. Maybe some limited Israeli advances, to shell Damascus even more?