According to the Charter,
-- Emperor saved much of his power, became Head of the both Executive and Legislative branches.
-- Russia was transformed into the Federal Constitutional Monarchy. Russia was divided into 15 Viceregencies.
They are:
-- Viceregency of Baltic Lands with capital in Riga
-- Viceregency of Lithuania with capital in Vilno
-- Viceregency of Belorussia with capital in Smolensk
-- Viceregency of Malorossia with capital in Kiev
-- Viceregency of Novorossia with capital in Odessa
-- Viceregency of Don with capital in Novocherkassk
-- Viceregency of Tula
-- Viceregency of Tver
-- Viceregency of Caucasus with capital in Tiflis
-- Viceregency of Kazan
-- Viceregency of the North with capital in Arkhangelsk
-- Viceregency of Ural with capital in Perm
-- Viceregency of Siberia with capital in Tobolsk
St. Petersburg and Moscow were equated with Viceregencies in all but name.
Each Viceregency had own Duma, composed from the delegates from the Noble Assembles and City Dumas. So, only Nobility and Merchants could elect their delegates to Local Dumas (and Imperial Duma was created from delegates of the Local Dumas). Also, Jewish Merchants were deprived of suffrage.
-- executive power in the Empire goes to the State Council of ministers, headed by Emperor.
Ministries are:
- -Ministry of War
-- Ministry of Navy
-- Ministry of Justice
-- Ministry of Finances and Treasury
-- Ministry of the Revision of the Government accounts
-- Ministry of Religious Affairs and Education
-- Ministry of Police
-- Ministry of Interitor Affairs
-- Ministry of Foreign Affairs
-- Ministry of Communications
-- Legislative power was divided between
Emperor and bicameral
State Duma. Upper House of Duma –
Senate – include members of the Romanov Dynasty, and dignitaries, appointed by the Emperor. Lower
House of Zemsky Delegates – composed from the delegates from the local Dumas. House of Zemsky Delegates was elected every 5 years for month [later House started to work permanently]. Duma could proposed a Law, but only Emperor may adopt it.
-- Charter granted some
basic rights and freedoms for all citizens of the Empire.
Among others:
-- Freedom of religion [with Russian Orthodox Church as the State Religion]
-- Equality of all before the law
-- Freedom of the press
-- the right to freely leave the country
-- the right to property is sacred
-- the right to arrest only on law
-- the mandatory liability of officials