You have to be careful mapping the attitudes of 1688 onto a hypothetical post 1745 Stuarts Triumphant scenario but Anglican sentiment was almost universally hostile to any diminution of the Penal Laws. I mean look at the reaction to the Papists Act of 1778. Now with that you are going to get a major backlash but with a recent victory over the Hannoverians I think the Stuarts could probably get it through. There would be riots that would have to be put down but it probably wouldn't trigger a sustained armed uprising if done in the immediate aftermath. If you go as far as the Edict of Nantes which actually was very broad and generous for the era especially the military clauses you are looking at English Civil War mk2. Certainly no conceivable Parliament would pass it. Now once again you might have the Stuarts triumph again but it would be an enormously uphill battle with 75%+ of the country united against them.
Well yes but that's money you're not spending on other things and like Secret Service money it's going to be controversial. Basically in this era bribery from whatever source could shift the scales but it couldn't transform things. It can shift a few "marginal" constituencies where you might have a weaker local Tories going against a strong Whigs presence. But it isn't going to get die hard Catholic Divine Right Jacobites who can be relied upon to back the Stuarts through thick and thin a majority elected in anything like sufficient numbers. Instead I suspect you would end with something very similar to the Parliament of 1685 aka the Loyal Parliament which was very loyal in 1685 and gave James II the customs duties for life at a high rate and then largely abandoned him and supported the Glorious Revolution in 1688.
That's easier said than done though. The various Jacobite Clans had been known and identified decades earlier and frequently the Clan Chiefs had had their lands confiscated and granted out. But the Clansmen tended not to co-operate and acknowledge their new landlords. Thus why the Highlands were a fairly violent and unpleasant place in this era. You can have a few Massacres of Glencoe analogues to clear a few Glens of Campbell's but that is just going to leave the remaining Campbell's (and there are lot it was the biggest Clan) even more pissed off.
Austria was a repeated battleground throughout the Napoleonic Wars while Italy was fought over continuously in the various Franco-Hapsburg Wars right up to 1815. Same applies to the Austrian Netherlands and the Rhine Region while the much of the Seven Years War happened in Silesia. I'm not saying the were wartorn wastelands on the scale of WW2 Western Russia but there was regular fighting which all the resulting confiscations, looting, shutting down of trade and general disruption. Those are unsurprisingly fairly poor soil for an Industrial Revolution to kick off. In this scenario the Hannoverians and the Whigs aren't going to just give up and leave the Stuarts alone. There will be risings, revolts and plots from them along with confiscations, witch hunts and paranoia from the Stuarts. That is inevitably going to disrupt the Industrial Revolution.
First, to the Edict of Nantes, I didn't mean the entire thing, more the parts that gave the Huguenots the right to practice their religion (relatively) unmolested provided their not in peoples faces with it (like Henrietta Maria and James II were). Law wise I think a combination of 1778 and 1791 could be doable, though there would be a backlash in any event.
As to the Tories, I think you might be underestimating them. At this point they're well aware of what would happen if the Stuarts are restored then deposed again. At best they'd lose power permanently (no thaw under Frederick I/George III), at worst they'd lose everything and be sent into exile like the Whigs. Basically the Tories would be in a corner; if they betray the Stuarts again they'll be screwed by the new/returning regime. Sure they won't be die-hard Catholic loving Jacobites, but certainly more loyal then the Tories of 1688: after all, at this point there would be no going back.
Third, the Highlands. Correct me if I'm wrong (and I might be, Scottish history isn't my strong suit) but between 1725 and the Austrian succession war, the Highlands were more or less kept in line by the Black Watch companies. This government backed police force (which is what it was, more or less) was formed into the 42nd Regiment and later sent to the continent in 1745 to fight in the Flanders campaign. The absence of a government force in the Highlands was a contributing factor to Charles Edward's success in the early '45. So couldn't a Jacobite Black watch be formed, recruited form loyalist clans, to keep the anti Stuart clans in line? I mean the Stuarts are going to be aware that they're not popular and wouldn't send most of their army to the continent for any reason. Or am I completely wrong (which I can be as again Scottish history is not my forte)?
Something else money-wise I remembered after finishing Bonnie Prince Charlie by Frank Mclynn: Mary of Modena's jointure. Under English law Mary Beatrice was owed a jointure of £50,000 a year, as was settled on her by Charles II and (I believe) Parliament. Under the 1697 Treaty of Ryswick a gentleman's agreement was made in which the English would pay the jointure but reneged, allegedly because they only promised to pay if the Stuarts were banished from France. In fact the only time the English made a payment was under Queen Anne, in 1713 I believe.
By Mary's death in 1719 the amount owed, when interest was added, was £2,500,000, which only grew larger as time went on. The Stuarts would no doubt get that money, which was probably much higher by 1745, if they were restored. As this money would be a private fortune of the Royal House, I can't help but wonder whether it could be covertly directed during elections.
Also, a question. I'm trying to find a way to prod the English Jacobites into rising during the '45. Was there anyone (Tory/Jacobite/anti-Hanoverian) in England at this point that could get the Jacobites to rise or rise first to get the ball rolling?