Red, Green, and Blue
President Warren's second term saw the incremental escalation of American involvement in Southeast Asia and the president taking further executive action to protect the civil rights of African-Americans and other minorities that the Senate, with its southern delegation acting as a continuous filibuster, was loath to do.
The economy was still humming, but the Republicans were facing the disadvantage of being the incumbent party for the previous 16 years. Vice President Dirksen made it clear he would not run for his own term and the party, after some spectacularly vicious party in-fighting, selected former California Senator and Secretary of Defense Richard Nixon as the party's next nominee over the liberal candidacies of Nelson Rockefeller and William Scranton. Nixon picked Scranton to ideologically balance the ticket, but Rockefeller pointedly refused to endorse the ticket, hinting darkly at skeleton's in Nixon's closet. The drama surrounding Rockefeller ended abruptly as the scion of the Rockefeller dynasty left the party for the Progressives shortly after Nixon's speech at the Republican National Convention.
The Progressives picked one of their best candidates, Minnesota Senator Hubert Humphrey after it became clear that this would be their best shot to win the White House since FDR. Humphrey selected fellow senator Missourian Stuart Symington as his running-mate, bringing defense credentials to the domestic-policy wonk's team. Northern Democrats, emboldened by the 1960 win in Michigan, reasserted themselves by preventing a segregationist from leading the Democratic ticket. Mississippi Governor Paul B. Johnson Jr, a noted moderate (by Deep South standards) and who had reluctantly began a very gradual push towards integration, became their nominee.
The national lead switched between Nixon & Humphrey constantly as the Deep South remained out of play for the two openly anti-segregationist (ardently so in Humphrey's case) main party candidates. Nixon ran on the strong Republican economic record and promised to bring victory in Southeast Asia. Humphrey attacked Nixon as not going far enough for bringing civil rights and attacked the Republicans as "holding back the tidal waves of progress and decency" by not instituting further domestic programs to help the poor and sick.
The final result shocked the nation. Humphrey won the popular vote, but Nixon won a majority in the Electoral College by the thinnest of margins (if only one Nixon state had gone to either Humphrey or Johnson, it would have been a hung Electoral College). The Progressives won a clear victory in the congressional elections, but were stunned at the fifth consecutive Republican presidential victory.
Red, Green, and Blue
United States presidential election, 1928
United States presidential election, 1932
United States presidential election, 1936
United States presidential election, 1940
United States presidential election, 1944
United States presidential election, 1948
United States presidential election, 1952
United States presidential election, 1956
United States presidential election, 1960