Protect and Survive: A Timeline

100% mortality, I don't think so, certainly not for the UK. Plus the casualty figures for UK cities are not accurate, but best estimates, as the story acknowledges. It's hardly going to be possible for the Authorities to send people into what's left to count the bodies, now is it?

I think you are also forgetting that a great many, of not most of the initiations are air bursts which do not generate a lot of fall-out. Yes, large parts of Europe are going to suffer from fall-out, but a lot of the radiation is of a short half-life.

Nuclear winter is largely discredited, at worst you'd get a nuclear autumn, but not the sort of freezing twilight often seen in many post-laydown scenarios.

I've done a lot of reading in this field for my own work and because I'm a Cold War history buff. IMVHO Jack has come about as close as anyone has to a realistic scenario, baring in mind we'll never really know (hopefully) what a post-nuclear world would be like.
 
In the Middle East I doubt Israel still has the fighting strenght in it.Being a nuclear power and a small country(less than Denmark) the soviets would have nuked it off the map.Sure Israel would have used its nuclear arsenal to strike at its neighbours but it would probably have been the last act of the IDF.Whatever is left of the IDF is most likely to battered to do much at the moment.There would be the added problem of fallout covering much of the country and probably spreading into Jordan.As for the arabs the nuclear strikes would certainly have crippled them internally.Doesn't rule out some military units striking at Israel regardless.Some countries there would have been hit by others:Syria and Libya probably by the US as well and Iran would have a soviet strike beside the israeli and american one.Ironically the most likely scenario seems civil war in the Middle East as pretty much all countries there have been wiped out.In Latin America most likely Argentina has been invaded by Brazil,Chile and Paraguay(for Paraguay this would be revenge for the Triple Alliance war),Nicaragua is being invaded by El Salvador and Honduras,and whatever is left of Cuba is possibly dealing with invasions from the Dominican republic and Jamaica.These countries might have a limited military potential but in the chaos after the war you don't need that many troops to take over.Africa is probably collapsing into anarchy from famines and disease.In East Asia civil war is probably spreading throughout China,the two Koreas are gone.Japan is a wild card here.It was certainly hit badly having so many US military bases on it and proximity to the USSR but the japanese are not known for high levels of social turbulence.So its possible there is little internal strife,although it probably depends on how much the authorities are capable of feeding the people, not much in this case.Of course the basic question is whether the japanese government still exists.
 
100% mortality, I don't think so, certainly not for the UK. Plus the casualty figures for UK cities are not accurate, but best estimates, as the story acknowledges. It's hardly going to be possible for the Authorities to send people into what's left to count the bodies, now is it?

I think you are also forgetting that a great many, of not most of the initiations are air bursts which do not generate a lot of fall-out. Yes, large parts of Europe are going to suffer from fall-out, but a lot of the radiation is of a short half-life.

Nuclear winter is largely discredited, at worst you'd get a nuclear autumn, but not the sort of freezing twilight often seen in many post-laydown scenarios.

I've done a lot of reading in this field for my own work and because I'm a Cold War history buff. IMVHO Jack has come about as close as anyone has to a realistic scenario, baring in mind we'll never really know (hopefully) what a post-nuclear world would be like.

So about the only way that you'd get the stereotypical 'nuclear winter' is if the nuclear war were to happen sometime between October and April. (In the Northern Hemisphere) And that would the question of 'how do you tell the difference?'

But then again, the first winter following the nuclear is really going to suck, just because of how bad food supplies, housing and transport infrastructure have been screwed up. After that things shouldn't be quite as bad for the survivors. Right?
 
Hello Sam!

Thank you very much for all the comments. I was basically just adding things up which went through the back of my head and haven't put down yet. Luckily, we are in a timeline where two...or even more sides of an argument can be equally true.

After 10 years of emergency rule it is going to be difficult to unfuck the state. Quite a large number of commonwealth countries have permanently suspected constitutional government. [...]
Interesting supposition. Given that the last electorate was universal with a reformed commons, and given that a majority of the electorate are going to be held in corvee labour, it is unlikely that the original franchise will be restored. Restoring a non-original franchise is pretty much exemplary of Emergency rule. Any franchise is likely to be riddled with rotten boroughs with a limited personal access to franchise.

Yes and no. Britain has, however, one of the longest standing traditions of democratic rule. It is not Iraq. Additionally, the suspension of regular ways of government has not been come from an internal impetus (revolution, putsch, election of non-democratic parties), but forced upon from outside.

Same goes for the "forced" labour. It is not a long-planned plan to enslave the majority of the population. It is a move to keep public order and to keep the remaining population fed through the first winters. It might be the best to act that way in order to achieve this. For recovery beyond that, it is ineffectual. The 1980s administrators of the UK, even its remains, are fully aware of that.
Sticking to that economy, to that way of politics, adds insult to injury. It means that a nuclear strike is followed up by a self-imposed Morgenthau-plan. Britain simply cannot afford this. It is not alone in the world and, long-term, more competently led nations would be far more able to move into the power-vacuums of this world.

However, the last 30 years have shown that un-fucking of Government is not impossible.

Besides, I am not convinced of the idea of limited franchises returning. Even in non-democracies, basically everyone votes (or is even forced to). That's the part of the game every regime accepts. The matter is the choice...
If franchise will be limited, it is in the way of those putting themselves outside of the new order being excluded, but the good people being rewarded with what seems to be political participation.

Rotten boroughs, however, are really probable, virtually a British specialty.

Instituting constitutional change without the assent of parliament is a key example of permanent emergency rule.

That is true, given the circumstances, though, hardly avoidable.

Also, in 1945, UK troops in the field were in mutiny about the unfairness of parliament, and parliament had been held over without election for an exceptionally long period. The results were a landslide away from the government of the day.

In a way a comparable situation. Interesting to note that you mention the army-personell as a guarantuee to rectify non-constitutional practizes. ITTL, they will be ever more powerful with other power-brokers of the age virtually blown apart. The class which has suffered most is the part of the establishment whose wealth is based on industry and finance, and, as well, the established party political machinery.

And, as in the age of the world wars, it will (post-exchange) be rather an army closer to the population, freshly recruited/conscripted than pre-WW3, as the core of the professional army has probably been wiped out in the hell of West-Germany.

The 1945-landslide however, was against the Conservative party positions mainly. It was not only about the last elections having been 10 years prior, but probably more about the welfare state. Labour won....and remained in Government, as it had been part of the cabinet since 1940 just as well.

Orwell's Lion and Unicorn writings ought to help you here.

Funny that you remark it, but the part "England, your England" has run through my thoughts, although I only know basic parts of it, not even the title just that Orwell wrote it.

"The intellectuals who hope to see it Russianised or Germanised will be disappointed. The gentleness, the hypocrisy, the thoughtlessness, the reverence for law and the hatred of uniforms will remain, along with the suet puddings and the misty skies. It needs some very great disaster, such as prolonged subjugation by a foreign enemy, to destroy a national culture. The Stock Exchange will be pulled down, the horse plough will give way to the tractor, the country houses will be turned into children's holiday camps, the Eton and Harrow match will be forgotten, but England will still be England, an everlasting animal stretching into the future and the past, and, like all living things, having the power to change out of recognition and yet remain the same."

That's why I assume (running conclusions contrary to the Socialist Orwell, though) that in the long run, Britain will be a constitutional monarchy again, and its economy market-based, keeping up an appearance of continuity, or even trying to achieve this continuity.

That is an interesting assertion of universality of a socially constructed phenomena. When requisitions happen with worthless IOUs (and commonly "Babies can't work" without) and without a court for redress, to what extent can you claim this is property?

As it is, until it is taken away from you. Then it is someone/something else's property.
I was not saying that property rights would be upheld. Certainly not. But someone saying that "private property would be re-installed in the long run" (or something along these lines) struck me as very odd. It will be a period of first of all utter destruction of trillions of pounds, chaos, and unfairness. But not a kibbuz. If you are not killed, homeless or re-located, the things in your home are yours. Until....

Especially if a handballing Argentinian midget plays in 1986, as per OTL, which would be a good enough excuse for the nuke to Buenos Aires that often gets mentioned in this TL

I agree. But I was NOT suggesting that a world cup was possible in 1986, but a rudimentary English resp. Welsh resp. Scottish cup.

There are however obstacles and these are not small at all:
-Command and control: If this breaks down, then everything else will break down with it. If the flow of information breaks down, then everything will break down with it as well. Whether the right/competent people are in charge locally will also be an issue in itself. The picture will be patchy to say the least, but on the other hand we are now in a "pure meritocracy" if you do well you will be rewarded, if you don't then angry mobs will hang you.
-Communications: Linked to the first one, if semi reliable communication can be reestablished within months then things will be greatly helped. Effective communication will also help in knowing what remains available and where it is.

I am quite sure that Britains relatively moderate size, plus a good network of roads makes it possible to establish a well-enough system of communications sooner than this is possible e.g. in the USA. The situation given my Macragge gives the impression, that at the point of the timeline, this has already been established, and if it were by relatively old-fashioned means.
 
One long term change might be the movement of the balance of power towards the southern hemisphere.Even assuming hits on Brazil which i think are unlikely since its a waste of a good nuke,even with thousands at hand,southern countries would be in better shape overall.At this point only the UK seems to remain somewhat functioning in the north from the former great powers.The french have fled for all intents and purposes the americans seem to barely exist and the soviets we know next to nothing.What other countries remain like Sweden or Switzerland don't really matter as great powers.So southern countries in the long term win although famine and disease will be a problem for years to come.Some like Argentina will likely dissappear altogether but overall they end up in better shape.Brazilian generals while probably not wishing the nuclear war,they privately like the new found power their country now de facto has,even if it took the northern part of the planet to self-destroy in order to achieve it.
 
.In East Asia civil war is probably spreading throughout China,the two Koreas are gone.Japan is a wild card here.It was certainly hit badly having so many US military bases on it and proximity to the USSR but the japanese are not known for high levels of social turbulence.So its possible there is little internal strife,although it probably depends on how much the authorities are capable of feeding the people, not much in this case.Of course the basic question is whether the japanese government still exists.
In China we might see multiple parties/governments claiming to be THE party, as China would probably have a few hundreds of millions left alive, if not totally disorganized and decreasing with every passing day. Some parts of the country would fare better than others depending on available resources/conditions as well as competency in leadership. All in all it'd be a warring states period all over again, perhaps lasting twenty to fifty years. I don't think that the KOraes would suffer as much total destruction and depopulation as Germany, but they'd be destroyed as coherent nations and might get sucked into the future China or Japan. On Japan, I'd guess they look a little bit like TTL's UK, with the government and military clamping down to restore order and rebuild. I'm guessing that Japan had it a little better than the UK due to their less prominent military status (and not being in Europe) and the resiliency of their populace, but major cities like Tokyo and Osaka definitely got hit hard.
 

John Farson

Banned
I'm guessing that Japan had it a little better than the UK due to their less prominent military status (and not being in Europe) and the resiliency of their populace, but major cities like Tokyo and Osaka definitely got hit hard.

On the other hand, Japan is highly dependant on foreign imports to meet their food needs, more so than the UK, I would guess. By 1980 Japan had a food self-sufficiency rate of 53%, according to this site. The people killed in the nuclear attacks and the immediate aftermath would alleviate this somewhat, but I foresee that there would still be food shortages, at the very least. Famine would be a real danger here.

Personally, I think Japan would be very heavily hit in this situation, despite their less prominent military status (and because of their very prominent economic status) and the resulting die-off would plunge the population level back to where it was when Commodore Perry came to visit with his "black ships".
 
Argentina has good local elites who can lead their country, possibly from Cordoba.
Maradona was already famous and living in Spain (
playing for Futbol Club Barcelona) at the time.

The Maradona is dead then when Barcelona got a nuke.

That's my feeling too to be honest. Depending on how hard places like South America, Asia and Africa have been hit. I easily see attempts at resolving centuries old grievances and territorial claims by the sword. In South America if Chile has been hit but Bolivia has not, you can bet that the Bolivians will try to regain the sea access they lost in 1883 (they are still mad about it today). Venezuela might try to fullfill its claim on the Netherlands Antilles and on Guyana. Ecuador and Peru might have another go at rectifying their borders in the Amazonas region. Paraguay and Bolivia might again fight over the Chaco region. Brazil does not have any claims on its neighbours but depending on how hard they are hit, I see them flexing some muscles in the areas. Don't forget too that in the case of Brazil, petroleum won't be as much of a problem as it is elsewhere because of their national ethanol programme, which was in full swing then:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol_fuel_in_Brazil

If either Chile of Peru suffered strikes (and even if they didn't) I could see them going to war. Chile might be in some deep shit actually with invasions from both Peru and Bolivia.

Pinochet will both help and hurt Chile. His strong hand will keep people in line, but at the same time with the backing he received from the US disappearing he could have some trouble with domestic elements. Of course with Chile being an American ally, Santiago and the major ports might have been taken out my the Soviets.

In the Middle East I bet you that whatever is left of Israel is at war with its Arab neighbours once again. Once again, they are likely to loose and to get Cairo, Damas, Baghdad and such nuked in the process as part of the Samson option. India and Pakistan are probably having another go at each others, only with A bombs this time. South East Asia might be relatively ok, but Thailand and Singapore have in all likelyhood been hit due to their strategic importance. As for China well as the pilot says in Red Dawn "they were once a billion screaming Chinese".

I could see China and Vietnam rekindling their old animosities. I wonder how Cambodia is doing with it's Soviet allies now destroyed?

In Africa I think that its likely that all the countries which depended on some form of food aid will implode in war and conflict. Zaire will go bust and its insane president Mobutu won't help recovery at all. Angola and Mozambique were in the midst of civil wars and at war with South Africa. They will implode too when the various factions start fighting each other for whatever food stockpiles are left. The Sahel region was suffering famine after famine then and this time there won't be any help from the West. Nevertheless I am tempted to say that some countries might be able to survive and even thrive to a degree in these circumstances.
-Zimbabwe: Remember that this before Mugabe started expropriating white farmers, so the country will be a net food exporter. His iron grip on the country will be of use too if he is able to think about his people first.
-Ivory Coast: The country was well run during the 80s and early 90s, agriculture was performing rather well. The cacao exports to the west are not an option anymore though. Houphouët-Boigny strong hand might help in preventing anarchy from taking over.
-Gabon: A net oil exporter wil a likely intact infrastructure from extraction to refining. The French forces there will probably ensure "cooperation" for the time being. If lucky the country might even get a pick of educated refugees fleeing from France.

For the most part Africa is fucked. Some nations like Gabon and Ivory Coast, which based French troops might have been destroyed by the Soviets because they houses western troops. Liberia, being the steadfast American ally, is gone same with Djibouti, with its strategic significance on the Horn of Africa and as a base for French troops.

Ethiopia is also doing poorly suffering from famine after famine, this time with no aid from it's Communist Bloc allies.

I could see a lot of African nations splintering along ethnic lines.


I wonder how the Basques are doing in Spain and if they have declared de-facto independence since there might not be a Spanish government left.
 
Latin American countries are unlikely to have been hit hard except for Cuba,Panama(indirect victim due to the Canal Zone),Puerto Rico,maybe Nicaragua,obviously Argentina.Doubtfull that Brazil has been hit although it was more or less in the western camp and the main latin american power.The main reason is the fact that the US and the Soviet Union would have a limited stockpile of nukes available.Taking into account the fact that most would have been targeted at each other the remains would be used for main allies of the other guy.So nuking every latin american country, at least the capital makes little sense.Maybe a few like Mexico or Venezuela which supply oil could be hit here and there but nuking Columbia just because they had a communist insurgency in their country seems weird.
 
Latin American countries are unlikely to have been hit hard except for Cuba,Panama(indirect victim due to the Canal Zone),Puerto Rico,maybe Nicaragua,obviously Argentina.Doubtfull that Brazil has been hit although it was more or less in the western camp and the main latin american power.The main reason is the fact that the US and the Soviet Union would have a limited stockpile of nukes available.Taking into account the fact that most would have been targeted at each other the remains would be used for main allies of the other guy.So nuking every latin american country, at least the capital makes little sense.Maybe a few like Mexico or Venezuela which supply oil could be hit here and there but nuking Columbia just because they had a communist insurgency in their country seems weird.

I can't help but think that both sides might have planned for some form of post exchange reconnaissance and re strike phase. Ie. take stock of their remaining forces, wait a few weeks or months, see what is still standing, and if needed strike. The US might be in a better position than the USSR in this regards but I wouldn't rule out both sides having some form of functioning command structure, strategic reconnaissance assets, global communications and limited nuclear forces for a long time to come.
Unless there is a formal cease fire and settlement I can't see any nations in a post exchange period wanting to do anything that might cause the surviving portions of the USA or USSR to view them as a threat. I can also see the suriving portions of the USA and USSR being in a position to bribe / black mail other nations for a long time to come (ie. the USA could place Chile under their protection in return for food aid etc..)
 
I don't see either side continuing the fight there is next to nothing left to fight for.Any surviving soldiers would be more interested in seeing whether or not they still have a home.While its unrealistic to expect servicemen with families in San Diego or Vladivostock to still hope they have relatives left the ones who come from small comunities would probably desert their post.Plus surviving nuclear forces would be very hard to control.The surviving forces would also be very scattered and generally not elite units.The elite is gone,for example the Navy SEALs have their home base in San Diego which would have been among the most heavily hit targets in the US.The survivors would esentially be low ranking poorly trained troops: National Guardsman who happened to be away from their home base or untrained conscripts if we talk about the USSR.Units like the Army Rangers would be gone killed in the battle for Germany.What soldiers remain would be more interested in the area they still live in, not continuing the war abroad against an unclear enemy.Bringing together troops from widely scattered places is impossible.How do you get a surviving unit from Arizona to link up with a surviving unit from Indiana when most airfields are gone or abandoned most cities are either destroyed or in turmoil,there is little information on what is left soldiers are deserting to go home to Springfield Oregon presumably unhit due to its small size and general lack of importance.What generals remain in the US or the USSR would be overwhelmed by the situation.Troops would have to go back to the old style tactic of pillaging the countryside in order to eat and keep moving.In fact the main risk that remains is that some troops are losing it and decide to hit anything they find.Sort of like an american or soviet sub commander seeing that Mexico or Sri Lanka still exist and unable to accept that their homelands are gone say to themselves why should they still be around while our countries are history.While its unlikely for many to go this route some might go completely nuts and randomly hit whatever is left that they can find regardless of their involvement in the war.But organised strikes in the post-war world seem unlikely.As for the idea of food aid from other countries seem kinda hard to do,port and airport facilites are largely gone,the US was the prime grain producer before the war countries like Chile can't cover such a gap.They don't have the ships or the personell necesary for something like this.Surviving americans are scattered in many places so any organised food aid program is not possible.
 

Falkenburg

Monthly Donor
While admittedly no expert, it strikes me as entirely plausible that National Governments with the resources would have dispersed strategic assets to the best of their abilities.

Especially Special Forces assets.

With a fair warning of escalating tensions would it not be prudent of them to have ordered a few elite units to hunker down somewhere inconspicuous as an 'Ace in the hole' to draw later?

Such forces would seem the most likely to retain unit cohesion post exchange and reliable/committed enough to seek out whatever residual authority survived.

Falkenburg
 
Problem with dispersal is the other guy tends to know where you dispersed them.While nuclear arsenals would not be infinite they would be big enough to target most probable dispersal sites.In reality you cannot disperse units just anywhere like keeping troops in some small town to be fed by the locals.You would still keep them at some second-tier military base,dispersal works only if the enemy doesn't have enough firepower to take out everything.While some bases would survive by sheer luck most would be taken out,and the other guy would likely know where you dispersed your units its not that hard to figure it out.Plus many bases would remain operational regardless of risk from attack.No one could plausibly dismantle bases like San Diego,Norfolk,Pearl Harbour and move them somewhere else.Such bases would remain operational right up to the moment when it goes nuclear.Special forces would mostly have been deployed to Germany and any other possible conflict zones like the Far East,some would have remained at home but it seems plausible that they would include largely the newer special forces members the ones with experience being deployed for war.Its not that easy to hide from the other guy especially with satellites and any other methods of surveillance that exist including spies on the ground.While intel would be lacking in some respects a general idea of where and who would exist and that's good enough.
 

Falkenburg

Monthly Donor
Sorry, I may not have been clear. :eek:

I'm suggesting that in the event of escalating tensions that seem destined to lead to a nuclear exchange it would have been prudent of a Government (such as Britain) to squirrel away a squadron or four of SAS in the wilds.

The Brecon Beacons or the Cairngorms, say.

Such small units would make use of their skills to live off the land until such time as they could re-establish contact with the Government.

Falkenburg
 
Its plausible that a few special forces servicemen are still alive but special forces doesn't mean they are capable of taking control of an entire country.This is not Rambo or any of the one-man army movies,surviving special forces would essentially operate in a limited zone spreading limited resources over a wide area is stupid.For the US the smartest would be to abandon heavily nuked regions like California or Texas,most of the Midwest,and much of the northeast.Concentrate on areas with fewer strikes like Oregon or Idaho.Here there would still be something resembling civilisation.But most of the US in outside any control for the simple fact that there where to many targets that got hit.A cursory examination of probable targets in California shows that the main population centers at the time would be taken out just because of the high number of military bases close to them.Even Los Angeles county at the time had several important military targets.Add to that industrial targets and a state like California is gone.Same goes for Texas.Trying to send limited resources in these places is not very smart.Especially if most are national guardsman from far away places and they are more interested in their own states.A national guardsman from Oregon would probably hate being sent into the no mans land that a state like Missouri is to try and help the few survivors left.They may be americans but they're not stupid.
 
Even including the TA portions of the SAS the regiments is not big enough to hide away a 'squadron, or four'. At best R Squadron/L Detachment of 22 SAS, plus the Directing Staff from Hereford, plus a few troopers from 21 and 23 SAS held back as BCR are realistically all that's going to be left in the UK before the nuclear strike.

Now assuming that Stirling Lines have been largely evacuated in case the Soviets target it, the UK might have at most 100-150 SAS and SBS troopers available, some of them storekeepers etc and that's a liberal estimate.

The story has shown already that there are at least some members of the Regiment available to the UKs' Central Government.
 

Macragge1

Banned
New update is almost done. A little intermission:

'What do you do when you hear the nuclear alert?' asks a Russian.
Put a sheet on your head and walk slowly towards the cemetery' says another.
'Why slowly?'
'So that you don't cause a panic'.


- Russian joke c. early 1980s.

'If you were to ask me really seriously what future is there for mankind, I'd be tempted to answer that...the future that is likely to mankind, and I don't say certain, is that the whole of mankind will be subjected to nuclear war and other forms of scientific war even more destructive and that a... vast majority of the population of the world everywhere will be destroyed, and then the few remaining...impoverished, crippled, in a poisoned atmosphere, will have to start again, rather as Noah did after the flood.

- A.J.P Taylor, 1983.

'The survivors would envy the dead'.

- Nikita Kruschev, 1963.

'There is nothing worth having that can be obtained by nuclear war - nothing material or ideological - no tradition that it can defend. It is utterly self defeating'.

- George Wald, 1980.

'Peace is our profession'.

-Strategic Air Command Motto.
 
Irronically the SAC one turned out to be true.

I think that's one of those "you can look back fondly now that it's over" things.


I still find that motto incredibly chilling and indicative of a huge cognitive dissonance between the cold rationale of deterrence and the gut-wrenching human consequences of nuclear war, possibilities which I think Macragge1 has articulated very well.

Yes, I mean, it worked- that time, but you'll have to pardon me if I still find that whole attitude fucking creepy.


EDIT: Which is kind of funny, because I'm actually not disturbed at all by the Dominoes pizza "it's there in 30 minutes or the next one is free" logo painted on that Minuteman III silo door. I think gallows humor is fundamentally a lot more human and relate-able than the whole chipper, retro-1950's aw-shucks can-do official SAC attitude, in their jaunty scarves and chipper little hats, off to kill millions.
 
I think that's one of those "you can look back fondly now that it's over" things.


I still find that motto incredibly chilling and indicative of a huge cognitive dissonance between the cold rationale of deterrence and the gut-wrenching human consequences of nuclear war, possibilities which I think Macragge1 has articulated very well.

Yes, I mean, it worked- that time, but you'll have to pardon me if I still find that whole attitude fucking creepy.


EDIT: Which is kind of funny, because I'm actually not disturbed at all by the Dominoes pizza "it's there in 30 minutes or the next one is free" logo painted on that Minuteman III silo door. I think gallows humor is fundamentally a lot more human and relate-able than the whole chipper, retro-1950's aw-shucks can-do official SAC attitude, in their jaunty scarves and chipper little hats, off to kill millions.



"Remember to duck and cover!"


interestingly, the advice did make the difference for a number of Japanese policemen,

"In the days between the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombs in Japan, one Hiroshima policeman went to Nagasaki to teach police about ducking after the atomic flash. As a result of this timely warning, John Hersey claimed in his Pulitzer Winning book “Hiroshima,” that not a single Nagasaki policeman died in the initial blast. This allowed more surviving Nagasaki police to organize relief efforts than in Hiroshima. Unfortunately, the general population was not warned of the heat/blast danger following an atomic flash because of the bomb’s unknown nature. Many people in Hiroshima and Nagasaki died while searching the skies for the source of the brilliant flash."
 
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