what if

If the Iberian Union (Spain and Portugal) joined the Rome-Berlin Axis and Invades France from the south during the Battle for France? (I know, this has probably already been done, however I have always wanted to see the Iberian Union come together) (edit: we are not talking about the original...

To start this timeline off, i'd like to point out that this is my first discussion ever. I welcome collaboration from anyone knowledgeable on these topics; let us begin. Nazism was like a fire, it burned hot but was snuffed out quickly. So to begin this discussion, I must go into some...

I was always curious to see why the Pacific Islands never saw massive European settlement unlike OTL. What must happen for more Europeans to settle the islands? Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia that is. What prevented them in the past from settling in large numbers? And could it be possible...

Okay, so this was a late-at-night consideration of mine but I haven’t been able to get it out of my head, and I haven’t been able to find any posts discussing this. So, say Margaret’s mother is awarded custody of her rather than her eventually being passed onto the Tudors, so she never married...

What if Stephen A. Douglas hadn't died in 1861?

IOTL, Saladin survived two attempts on his life by the Order of Assassins. What if one of them had succeeded?

After Franklin Pierce was elected president in 1852, Stephen Douglas expected to get a cabinet post. But of course, he didn't. What if he had, though? What position might he have held, and what consequences might him joining the Pierce cabinet have had?

Is it realistically possible for Christianity to become more mainstream and more common in North Africa and the Middle East again by the time of the modern era? What would have to happen for it to occur? Can a native Middle Eastern government pull it off on its own? Does this require European...

Despite being bitter enemies, Hitler and Stalin had a good deal in common. One of these was having abusive fathers, which many historians believe contributed to them being such resoundingly terrible people as adults. But what if they weren't abused by their respective dads? Might it have...

What if Stalin actually listened to his advisors and took reports of the Germans preparing for invasion seriously and green lighted preparations for defense?

Is it possible for a modern Arab country post-1800 to be able to take control of the entire Persian Gulf? This would include all the areas bordering it which would definitely include Persia/Iran. Is it possible for that region to be Arabized and to be permanently held? Would it require a...

During the Oriental Crisis, Russia and Austria took sides against Muhammad Ali’s Egypt as it expanded into territories held by the Ottoman Empire. Even though Russia and Austria weren’t on good terms with the Ottomans, they weren’t fans of a rising Egypt. However, what if Muhammad Ali decided...

Srivijaya was one of the major empires in South East Asia centered in Palembang, Sumatra. In its height, it was the center of Buddhism, particularly Mahayana, and developed Vajrayana before it spread to Tibet. It held great influence in Maritime South East Asia up to reaching the Philippine...

Though the Battle of Lepanto was a significant defeat for the Ottoman Empire, it was a much less severe blow to them than losing Cyprus was to the Republic of Venice. Ottoman Grand Vizier Mehmed Sokullu boasted to Venetian emissary Marcantonio Barbaro that it was the difference between a shaved...

After Hannibal's victory at the Battle of Cannae, the Sicilian city of Syracuse allied with Carthage. In response, the Romans sent an army led by Marcus Claudius Marcellus to besiege the city in 213 BCE. Among Sicily's defenders was the great inventor and polymath Archimedes. Marcellus gave...

When the contents of Charles Darwin's library were examined after his death, one of its books was found to contain a copy of Gregor Mendel's ground-breaking manuscript on genetic inheritance. Those particular pages were still uncut, indicating Darwin never got around to reading it. Funnily...

What if Ulysses S. Grant had never issued General Order No. 11?

What if it had been Chu, rather than Qin, that united China?

What if the political and cultural entity known as China was never able to take more territory than that held by the Zhou dynasty?

What if Odaenathus hadn't been assassinated in 267 CE?