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After months upon months of reflection and careful revision, I have decided to submit a new draft of my ‘A World Without Martel’ timeline. In this re-submission I made changes to the original, re-written posts that were admittedly shoddy and incorporate ideas I received in feedback to the...

The Islamic invasion of France? Islamic horsemen shake the ground in Lombardy? A split between “Celtic” and the “Orthodox” Churches? Will the Pope fall ? Will Christendom? This is to inform this most distinguished forum that my TL: A World Without Martel (WWM) has returned! And can be founded...

“A victorious line of march had been prolonged above a thousand miles from the rock of Gibraltar to the banks of the Loire; the repetition of an equal space would have carried the Saracens to the confines of Poland and the Highlands of Scotland; the Rhine is not more impassable than the Nile or...

This thread will chronicle a world in which Mohammed (‘peace be upon him’) is defeated at the Battle of the Trench in 627. Medina is subjugated to the power of Mecca, and the Mohammedans never regain their former momentum becoming yet another political-religious group within the convulsing...

Part I: Africa is not lost to the Western Roman Empire? It could be argued that the loss of Africa to the Vandals under Geiseric did more harm to the Romans and their Empire than any other event in the 5th century. Some historians (Peter Heather for example) have gone even further saying that...

It could be argued that the loss of Africa to the Vandals under Geiseric did more harm to the Romans and their Empire than any other event in the 5th century. Some historians have gone even further saying that if it had not been for the Vandals, the Western Empire would have weathered the storm...

This thread is some of my own ideas mixed in with comments and suggestions made by Mike Stone and others. I hope to develop this discussion into a full timeline in keeping with the great multi-part Threads of this group (although in truth I do feel that I am capable of so great an achievement)...

While reading What If?: The World's Foremost Military Historians Imagine What Might Have Been edited by Robert Cowley, I came across an interesting essay by Fleming, who discusses some interesting American Revolutionary SHWIs, one of them caught by interest: What if the British had succeeded in...

Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus dies 29BC. This is not difficult to achieve as Octavian was noteworthy for his poor health and come close to death only six years after the date for the PoD. Now what? The republican system is obviously decimated if not completely dead, but what could probably...

Theodosius (378-395) was called the 'Great", he reunited the Eastern and Western halves of the Empire, and was the last strong Emperor of an Empire that stretched from the sands of Syria to Hadrian’s Wall in Britannia. But what if we cut the life of this great man short? In 390 the Visigoths...

468 was the year of the Last Great Military Endeavour of the Roman Empire, the year that the two halves of the Roman Empire embarked on their last grand adventure. Their object was the destruction of the Geiseric's Vandal kingdom, which threatened not just Italy and Sicily but the entire...

The Fall of the Western Roman Empire was the result of an inherent flaw in its grand strategy of military defence. The decision to prioritise the defence of Italia over that of the provinces effectively sapped the Empire of its economic and military strengths. The armies of Britain and...

History The Point of Divergence In 1608, Dutch naval forces seize Mozambique Island from the Portuguese (OTL this attempt failed); the Dutch East India Company now have a refuelling station for the Company's ships travelling from its Dutch trading stations in Asia to its markets in Europe and...

Paul Matthews Pierce, won a lasting place in American history as the "Father of His Country." For nearly 20 years, he guided his country much as a father cares for a growing child. Pierce helped shape the beginning of the American Republic in three important ways. First he commanded the...

Portuguese South Africa The POD In 1608, Dutch naval forces seize Mozambique Island from the Portuguese (OTL this attempt failed); the Dutch East India Company now have a refuelling station for the Company's ships travelling from its Dutch trading stations in Asia to its markets in Europe...