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I certainly wouldn't call it pedantry. Embarrassingly enough I had noted the spelling while doing the research but it had evidently slipped through in the writing. Austria may well be the "third" industrial power in the first half of the 19th century, and considering the OTL trajectories of...

This is irrational? The Janissaries were a bloated, ineffective force by this point, with many more members on the rolls than actually willing to fight. Mahmud actually managed to disband the force with relatively little backlash, which is all the more impressive considering that his predecessor...

The Revolutionaries Strike Again! The Spanish Revolution of 1831 Following the failed revolution in Poland in the 1820s, many in Europe expected further outbreaks. What was generally unexpected would be the origin of the next wave of revolutions, as was their severity. Although Austria and...

Speak of the devil and he shall appear! I am back from Japan now (unfortunately, turns out the weeaboos were right and it really is so much better than the West) and so updates will now be a regular thing again. Hurrah! There's a lot of replies to get through here, so I'll just try and answer...

Iran as a Great Power? Iran's place in the World in the 19th Century Although some of its lustre had been lost in the near-century that had followed Nader Shah’s death, the revived Iranian state under the Afsharids was still a power to be reckoned with. For the countries of Western Europe, it...

First of all, apologies for the late reply. I've actually got a trip to Japan coming up (I fly out on Friday) so there has been a lot of preparation around that which has eaten time that would usually be spent writing. I won't be able to get any updates out while I'm over there, but I'll get the...

The Conservative Powers Strike Back The end of the Second French Revolutionary War left little settled. Europe was divided between the traditional powers, increasingly wary of any kind of political innovation and the Revolutionaries, who following their victory were increasingly confident that...

It's certainly going to be a far more complex picture in terms of international relations. Rather than "progressive" European nations vs the rest of the world, we are likely to see the more administratively sophisticated states in various regions become dominant, and while in some areas this may...

You clearly haven't been paying attention to Far-Right political parties and conspiracy nutters on YouTube.

Not to mention a misconception of how much Japan actually industrialised during the 19th century. Japan remained less industrialised on a per-capita basis than even Russia by the end of the 19th century, let alone other European economic powers. It was only in the 20th century that Japan would...

It depends how much of a slimy individual that Friedrich Wilhelm turns out to be. A split in Europe could be the perfect opportunity for a Napoleon III type to act as a liberal monarch while advancing the cause of conservatives. Brandenburg also has to cope with the fact that she's a small fish...

The Second French Revolution and its Spread The French Revolution of 1799 to 1804 had certainly shaken the old order not only in France, but throughout Europe. Although Enlightenment ideas had gradually seeped into government over the 18th century, having a liberalising effect on the old...

The huge size of the Empire will make it rather difficult to keep it together. I suppose the question is whether Seku Amadu can bind the empire around a common Islamic identity. If Europeans begin to encroach on West Africa as they did in OTL, this approach may find success but it is still quite...

The Last of the Fulani Jihads - The Rise of Haji Seku Amadu Perhaps as much as any ruler of the 19th Century, or indeed before then, Haji Seku Amadu deserves the title of “The Great” [1]. Little is known of his life prior to his Hajj at the age of 23, when he accompanied his father on the long...

Possibly an early Meiji, though the road that Japan eventually set upon was only one road of many. For the time being Sakoku stays in place for the most part, though a more difficult time opening China up may drive the British to look elsewhere. Over a third of the British forces that fought in...

It feels like Italy is really scraping the bottom of the barrel, but they seem to have found something down there that will preserve themselves for some time at least. Like Archangel said, I think it will ruin Italy's reputation in the region in the long run though.

Toward the Twilight of Sakoku - Challenges to Japan's Isolation in the Early 19th Century For almost two centuries, the Japanese had fiercely enforced their policy of Sakoku, which prevented Japanese from leaving the island nation, and restricted foreigners only to a small island off the coast...

Virginia ultimately ended up in British hands following the war, as well as Delaware and Maryland. Property Rights above all is a hell of a drug apparently. Ohio is officially in the hands of the French but realistically, there are more natives than Frenchmen in the region for the time being...

There really is nothing like an American update to generate a lot of interest. There's a lot of replies, so I'll try my best to address general points people have made without replying to each post individually. So in regards to America, it is worth keeping in mind that the revolution happened...

The Revolution in British North America “The Radicals and their poisonous philosophies have been consigned to the grave for generations, due in no small part due to our own wise policies”. So boasted the British Prime Minister the Marquis of Bradford in 1806 to Parliament. Britain’s help, along...