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Do my terraforming idea I posted in the other thread. :openedeyewink::p (You don't have to, I was just musing...or at least just the part about the Irish-styled walled pastures...maybe...)

It's based on a comparison of artifacts (such as pottery), oral migration histories (supported by archaeology), and, partly, oral history that seems to describe Cahokia, especially events that we didn't know about until archaeologically tested, such as a massive river flood. The closest...

Well, the earliest expeditions actually found some rather thriving polities, i.e De Soto. Coosa and Cofitachequi were some of the largest, and the well-built brown water navy of Quigualtam (Natchez/Plaquemine Mississippians) straight up sent the expedition running, barely escaping. There were...

One of what?

IIRC, the demise of the Indus Valley civilization has been linked to a large drought that dried up their main rivers. I always love images of Mohenjo-Daro. It's such an artful work of engineering and urban planning that probably wouldn't be seen again until Classical times.

That's a good question; particularly since once we start using words like 'complex chiefdom' and 'archaic state', things start to get a little blurry and some arguments shift toward pure semantics. In some cases, further investigation reveals a few instances to be somewhat the same, such as your...

Complex, stratified societies can definitely exist without agriculture. The PNW is a shining example of this with class separation, economic and social complexity, elaborate architecture and an interesting political system. The Jomon, too, are an example of this, as are many other cultures. But...

The Calusa are understandably unknown in the historical world, but are much more fascinating than their under-representation entails. A state society ruling half of modern Florida from an artificial island on the coast, shaping the land through extensive canals and waterways, and built up of --...

You could also have an alternate Mexican conquest that involves a much more feudal style of ownership, with each conquistador owning his own semi-autonomous polity. It might technically be united under a single Mexican region and, if the writer wants, made into a federation or confederation but...

What's the PoD?

*Caesar survives the assassination attempt, but barely* "The attempt on my life has left me...scarred...and deformed. But I assure you, my resolve has never been stronger!"

Nothing other than the terrible Caesar Billus Prestonius, or 'Bill' for short. Said to be such an awful Emperor, they wrote him straight outta the history books.

The watercraft of South America's west coast were mostly balsa-log 'rafts' that used daggerboards on the sides to act as rudders (and I think some as keels), and usually with a large house or shelter in the aft. They tend to vary a lot in terms of hull shape, size and sail configuration, but...

Protip: When leading an Inca resurgence movement, don't name yourself after a defeated Inca.

It's not quite what people play it up to be. (another link) There were/are; look at the parent of the link I sent MrMandias and also this post and this post, also by /u/anthropology_nerd which elaborates a bit more.

Not very well organized at all. They all just start drifting from each other and float away =(

Now that would be interesting. I can't imagine what the Taiheyo Ocean would look like without Nipponese expansionism. Would Hawai still be the major, sparkling trade hub it is today? Or would it remain an out-of-the-way place, perhaps a mere tourist destination? Would the islands even unite...

This. It's literally the ass end of Asia. And the geography within it is so broken up by mountains, rivers and the like that nobody's going to unify it all into one big power like Zhongguo. Not for long, anyway. Not to mention it has very little gold or other natural resources to trade, which...

Charles sure is gonna have a bellyful of problems there.

Sweden is also where Futhark/Runic scripts survived the longest, and especially remained in memory.