As usual, no movement whatsoever in Liberal New England. Maybe the Democratic Party's civil war legacy? It is noticeable that even IOTL New England stayed pretty consistently red. Curiously, the same could also be said of Pa for some reason. I think the only Dem to carry PA more than once was FDR.
Cinco de Mayo
- Thread starter KingSweden24
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"Es necesito que nos muerte por algo!" is incomprehensible in Spanish. It should be "¡Es necesario que hayamos muerto por algo!", but thinking in what you want to express it should be something like "Why we have fought for?" or in Spanish "¿Para qué hemos muerto?"
New England here making the Solid South look swingy. Hell, even though it didn't happen often at least the GOP won a few elections in the South. Here Liberals have New England on lock down always and forever, ages to ages 😂
I'm very curious to see if this continues long term. Would be hilarious if in the 21st Century New England is the last bastion of conservatives, much like how AL/MS/TN/AR are here.
Philadelphia until the 50s was one of the GOP’s biggest strongholds in the nation, OTL, curiously enough
Haha I’ve been tempted to go that route but the big Catholic boom in New England (lower New England at least) is still looming eventually. And even the Brahmins have to know you can’t win an election with just New England
Citizen Hearst
"...the returns revealed a Liberal Party that had no answers for most of the country and was now under siege even in its New England redoubt, with Democrats winning gubernatorial elections in Massachusetts and Connecticut, too. In both Houses of Congress, Democrats had nearly seven out of ten seats, they were tied for or outright controlled at least one house of every state legislature outside of New England, and the mayors of the twenty largest cities in the country all hailed from the party. Hearst would, in other words, be entering office with supermajorities not just in Congress but most of the states; the last time Democrats had even come close to this kind of power was in the midst of the Republican-Liberal split of the 1870s. 1904 was one of the great realigning elections of American history, with Democrats poised to utterly reshape the country's political system and with the swell of progressive reformist energy at their back made the United States one of the few countries in the world during the first decades of the 20th century to not turn from liberalism back to reactionary conservatism but rather supercharge the modernizing ethos to be what Hearst hoped would be an inspiration for the world..."
- Citizen Hearst
- Citizen Hearst
wikipedia.en - Joseph B. Foraker
Joseph Benson Foraker (July 5, 1846 - May 10, 1917) was an American attorney and statesman who served as the 26th President of the United States, the 22nd Vice President of the United States and as the Governor of Ohio. Foraker was elected on two Liberal presidential tickets as the running mate of John Hay, whom he succeeded as President on November 1, 1898 upon the latter's assassination in Omaha, Nebraska. Foraker was the fifth man to succeed to the presidency under the extraordinary circumstances of the death of an incumbent and the third in eleven years, and was the first man to succeed to the Presidency upon the death of his predecessor and then win a term of his own right.
Foraker developed a reputation in his three terms as Ohio Governor as a bold reformer of both public administration and local government and emerged as the leader of the Liberal Party's reform wing and a potential Presidential contender in both 1888 and 1892. In the latter year, he fell short again of the nomination but was surprisingly picked as the running mate for Hay, to whom he became a key confidant and emerged as the most influential Vice President in history up until that point, spearheading the administration's relationship with Congress and making key personnel decisions in the civil service in a time when his office had traditionally been fairly weak. Foraker was inaugurated on November 1, 1898 in Washington DC upon receiving news of Hay's death, four days after the President had been shot at the Omaha Exposition by anarchist Gaetano Bresci.
As President, Foraker oversaw a tumultuous time period in American history as labor activism and the Progressive Movement emerged and politics largely passed him by, leaving him with the reputation of a "stand-pat" conservative by the end of his Presidency. The first Liberal to face a fully Democratic Congress, his primary domestic accomplishments were the passage of the Bushnell Act to regulate railroads, formally desegregating the military, placing vast federal lands into conservation and the appointment of three Supreme Court Justices (Goff, Holmes and Morrow) who would in time uphold a great deal of Progressive and economically interventionist legislation and set the standard moving forward of judicial restraint in approaching the review of most acts of Congress. In foreign affairs, Foraker presided over the American response to the Boxer War in China, establishing the American Expeditionary Force, and signed the Naval Act of 1904 that was the most dramatic expansion of the United States Navy since the early 1880s; he also completed the longstanding project of securing the Nicaragua Canal often associated with his predecessor, seeing Congress pass the Canal Treaty in early 1901. During his early tenure the economy rebounded from the brief 1898 recession but by the early part of his first term had begun to stagnate despite an unprecedented bubble in equity prices and amalgamations of trusts and monopolies unchecked by the Justice Department; ten months before the end of his Presidency, the stock market collapsed in the Panic of 1904, one of the worst financial panics in American history, and he left office deeply unpopular.
Historians often rank Foraker in the bottom tier of American Presidents, and his Presidency is largely viewed as the conclusion of the Gilded Age and beginning of the Progressive Era. While he is praised for desegregating the military and steadfastly defending the civil rights of Americans, his pro-business outlook and reluctance to go after trusts are generally laid at his feet as being partly responsible for economic calamity.
Foraker developed a reputation in his three terms as Ohio Governor as a bold reformer of both public administration and local government and emerged as the leader of the Liberal Party's reform wing and a potential Presidential contender in both 1888 and 1892. In the latter year, he fell short again of the nomination but was surprisingly picked as the running mate for Hay, to whom he became a key confidant and emerged as the most influential Vice President in history up until that point, spearheading the administration's relationship with Congress and making key personnel decisions in the civil service in a time when his office had traditionally been fairly weak. Foraker was inaugurated on November 1, 1898 in Washington DC upon receiving news of Hay's death, four days after the President had been shot at the Omaha Exposition by anarchist Gaetano Bresci.
As President, Foraker oversaw a tumultuous time period in American history as labor activism and the Progressive Movement emerged and politics largely passed him by, leaving him with the reputation of a "stand-pat" conservative by the end of his Presidency. The first Liberal to face a fully Democratic Congress, his primary domestic accomplishments were the passage of the Bushnell Act to regulate railroads, formally desegregating the military, placing vast federal lands into conservation and the appointment of three Supreme Court Justices (Goff, Holmes and Morrow) who would in time uphold a great deal of Progressive and economically interventionist legislation and set the standard moving forward of judicial restraint in approaching the review of most acts of Congress. In foreign affairs, Foraker presided over the American response to the Boxer War in China, establishing the American Expeditionary Force, and signed the Naval Act of 1904 that was the most dramatic expansion of the United States Navy since the early 1880s; he also completed the longstanding project of securing the Nicaragua Canal often associated with his predecessor, seeing Congress pass the Canal Treaty in early 1901. During his early tenure the economy rebounded from the brief 1898 recession but by the early part of his first term had begun to stagnate despite an unprecedented bubble in equity prices and amalgamations of trusts and monopolies unchecked by the Justice Department; ten months before the end of his Presidency, the stock market collapsed in the Panic of 1904, one of the worst financial panics in American history, and he left office deeply unpopular.
Historians often rank Foraker in the bottom tier of American Presidents, and his Presidency is largely viewed as the conclusion of the Gilded Age and beginning of the Progressive Era. While he is praised for desegregating the military and steadfastly defending the civil rights of Americans, his pro-business outlook and reluctance to go after trusts are generally laid at his feet as being partly responsible for economic calamity.
And so we bid adieu to another American President we've followed for over a decade in-universe. As implied in various textbook snippets, Foraker slinks off back to Cincinnati where he serves as UC's President and then dies about a decade after leaving office.
And as we say farewell to Foraker, we also say farewell to the Gilded Age, what with the Democratic supermajorities in Congress and, more importantly, the states, where the action really happened back in the day...
And as we say farewell to Foraker, we also say farewell to the Gilded Age, what with the Democratic supermajorities in Congress and, more importantly, the states, where the action really happened back in the day...
World Mapping
Banned
What's happened in this TL so far, and what do the maps look like? I just discovered this TL in the past few days.
I have a map as of 1900 near the start of Part VI. Quick and skinny:
- Mexican Empire survives
- CSA victory
- Second French Empire survives Germany's unification, manages to gain the Suez
- King of the Netherlands is disemboweled by a dog
- Russia loses to Turkey 1878
- Multiple butterfly deaths give us several alt-royalties
- France picks off Hainan and Formosa from China in 1884-85 war
- US fights Chile to a draw and defeats Germany in two minor gunboat wars
- George Custer elected but then assassinated by Native American whose parents he killed
- The Barings crisis and flu of 1890 combine for a really shit start to the 1890s
- Rudolf of Austria doesn't off himself but gets Sarajevo'd by package bomb along with wife in Budapest 1898
- Boxer War is much, much worse; Peking and Tientsin burned to the ground, China splits into three rival regimes (two imperialist, one republican) and Great Powers swoop in to take advantage with new treaty concessions and Russia even nibbles off parts of western Manchuria and Dzungaria while supporting independence in Turkestan, Mongolia and Tibet
- Japan defeats Spain in war for Philippines but gets denied her prize via European triple intervention
Thank you for joining!
Destiny Beckons: Rise of the German Reich
"...continental worries about Germany's economic emergence can be distilled instructively in cases such as that of the Dreibund, or the formal alliance of BASF, Bayer and Agfa joining forces to create the worst's largest chemical concern under the new name "IG Farben" [1]. Already the first, second and fourth biggest firms in that industry in Germany, the new company sent shockwaves of worry through Europe and even the United States, where its formation in December of 1904 led to debate about whether tariffs would need to be raised to protect against German domination of the robust domestic chemical market. Amalgamation was of course nothing new; American politics at the time was dominated by fear of massive trusts and in Britain the United Alkali Company had been forged out of the merger of nearly fifty smaller firms joining forces. Still, IG seemed a different animal, considering Germany's increasingly premier position in the chemicals and dyes industry and even its domestic competitors feared its power, with Hoechst and Casella joining forces less than six months later and snapping up controlling stakes in smaller, Frankfurt-area companies to create a necessary duopoly purely for survival..."
- Destiny Beckons: Rise of the German Reich
[1] This is OTL's original "Little IG"
- Destiny Beckons: Rise of the German Reich
[1] This is OTL's original "Little IG"
The German on the Spanish Throne: The Reign of Leopold I
"...the death of Prince Friedrich of Hohenzollern in Munich greatly saddened Leopold, already sensing that he was in the final months or perhaps even weeks of his life, dismayed that his younger brother had predeceased him. Friedrich and his wife, Louise, had not had issue and so the successor would be Infante Carlos Antonio, who of course would return to the family estate at Sigmaringen to take his original, German name of Karl Anton upon arrival, but refused to leave Madrid for his new (minor) title until his father had either passed or recovered. This choice only made the palace gloomier; Leopold complained to his eldest son, "It feels like I am but a wounded beast watching the vultures circle, waiting for me to die. God, just take me already!"..."
- The German on the Spanish Throne: The Reign of Leopold I
- The German on the Spanish Throne: The Reign of Leopold I
You use coolest name? Best photograph tends to play a pretty big role for me, but that sound like a good strategy too!
But then I’d be screwed once the beard game in the US Senate decreases to mere mustaches!
Rizal
"...clinical work was at an end, for all his comforts in Havana, though the rising contempt for Asians in the city in the wake of the war, Filipinos in particular, made the choice easier than it may have been otherwise. Rizal imagined that, having already been away in Madrid for his education, returning to the Philippines after nearly a decade would be similar, but it was not just he who had changed in the intervening time, and the islands of his youth were more a foreign country to him upon his arrival (after a long journey and forty-day sojourn in Hong Kong) than they would otherwise have seemed after eight years.
The Philippine Revolution that had erupted in part due to his exile in the summer of 1896 and then morphed seven years later into the Spanish-Japanese War had effectively destroyed the island physically, economically but most of all psychologically and socially. Estimates on the total death count were difficult to accumulate at the time and even in the modern Philippines are a source of tremendous controversy and a politically sensitive subject. A rough but likely undercounted census was conducted in 1898 at the height of the rebellion that suggested a population of nearly eight million; six years later, when the Republic did the same, the number was a bit under seven. With the important caveat that the islands were not fully under Manila's control in the immediate wake of the Treaty of Amsterdam and the 1904 census was even more certainly undercounted, this still suggests a population decline of at least a tenth of the Philippines' population, likely much more, despite births and new families in the intervening years. Modern estimates suggest anywhere between nine hundred thousand to a million and a half Filipinos were killed either intentionally or by starvation and disease during the revolution. Spain, of course, has disputed these figures for decades and has never acknowledged even the most conservative numbers that died in reconcentrados alone.
Those that survived lived in a dangerous, half-lawless society that oscillated between attempted domination by nearby European colonial powers, warlordism and revolutionary zeal [1]. Bonifacio and his inner circle of Katipunan rebels had drafted and implemented a centralist constitution at Tarlac as the Japanese marched upon Manila that vested most of the new state's authority in the National Assembly and in particular its hybrid executive-legislative upper house, the Supreme Council, which was appointed by the National Assembly and which itself appointed one of its fifteen members to serve as its President, or Supremo. That role fell naturally to Bonifacio, the hero of the Revolution, and the Assembly was effectively not so much an organ of the state as of the Katipunan, a distinction perhaps without a difference.
This Supreme Council rapidly had fallen into disarray by the time Rizal arrived, however, with arguments over whether the government should conduct business in Tagalog (spoken primarily only by the people of central Luzon) or in Spanish as a lingua franca and even what the name of the country should be. This brand of angry revolutionary iconoclasm had spread across the islands as the rebel armies were disbanded and hundreds of thousands of hungry, radicalized and hardened young men returned to their villages. As the Spanish fled, Bonifacio seized the haciendas and the missions of the hated friars and began the rough attempt to disperse all that land amongst the people, a task so difficult the Council eventually overruled his initial plan and left the allotment of land to local authorities (read: bandits and warlords). Though Catholicism was constitutionally enshrined as the state religion, all monastic and religious orders - including the Jesuits - were banned and their members to be expelled on penalty of death, with their assets to be seized and transferred to the Archdiocese of Manila instead. What few of the hated friars had not evacuated the Philippines already, many out of stubbornness, were hunted down and murdered, often after public torture and humiliation. Village fiefdoms exerted extrajudicial authority and by late 1905 it appeared to Rizal that Manila had about as much control of the countryside as the Spaniards had had at the height of the rebellion..." [2]
- Rizal
[1] This is that "Year One" culture war stuff @President Earl Warren and I were discussing the other day...
[2] If you're thinking "Hey now this sounds just like the post-colonial Spanish American colonies that got taken over by caudillismo then yes, 100%, that's exactly what it's supposed to sound like
The Philippine Revolution that had erupted in part due to his exile in the summer of 1896 and then morphed seven years later into the Spanish-Japanese War had effectively destroyed the island physically, economically but most of all psychologically and socially. Estimates on the total death count were difficult to accumulate at the time and even in the modern Philippines are a source of tremendous controversy and a politically sensitive subject. A rough but likely undercounted census was conducted in 1898 at the height of the rebellion that suggested a population of nearly eight million; six years later, when the Republic did the same, the number was a bit under seven. With the important caveat that the islands were not fully under Manila's control in the immediate wake of the Treaty of Amsterdam and the 1904 census was even more certainly undercounted, this still suggests a population decline of at least a tenth of the Philippines' population, likely much more, despite births and new families in the intervening years. Modern estimates suggest anywhere between nine hundred thousand to a million and a half Filipinos were killed either intentionally or by starvation and disease during the revolution. Spain, of course, has disputed these figures for decades and has never acknowledged even the most conservative numbers that died in reconcentrados alone.
Those that survived lived in a dangerous, half-lawless society that oscillated between attempted domination by nearby European colonial powers, warlordism and revolutionary zeal [1]. Bonifacio and his inner circle of Katipunan rebels had drafted and implemented a centralist constitution at Tarlac as the Japanese marched upon Manila that vested most of the new state's authority in the National Assembly and in particular its hybrid executive-legislative upper house, the Supreme Council, which was appointed by the National Assembly and which itself appointed one of its fifteen members to serve as its President, or Supremo. That role fell naturally to Bonifacio, the hero of the Revolution, and the Assembly was effectively not so much an organ of the state as of the Katipunan, a distinction perhaps without a difference.
This Supreme Council rapidly had fallen into disarray by the time Rizal arrived, however, with arguments over whether the government should conduct business in Tagalog (spoken primarily only by the people of central Luzon) or in Spanish as a lingua franca and even what the name of the country should be. This brand of angry revolutionary iconoclasm had spread across the islands as the rebel armies were disbanded and hundreds of thousands of hungry, radicalized and hardened young men returned to their villages. As the Spanish fled, Bonifacio seized the haciendas and the missions of the hated friars and began the rough attempt to disperse all that land amongst the people, a task so difficult the Council eventually overruled his initial plan and left the allotment of land to local authorities (read: bandits and warlords). Though Catholicism was constitutionally enshrined as the state religion, all monastic and religious orders - including the Jesuits - were banned and their members to be expelled on penalty of death, with their assets to be seized and transferred to the Archdiocese of Manila instead. What few of the hated friars had not evacuated the Philippines already, many out of stubbornness, were hunted down and murdered, often after public torture and humiliation. Village fiefdoms exerted extrajudicial authority and by late 1905 it appeared to Rizal that Manila had about as much control of the countryside as the Spaniards had had at the height of the rebellion..." [2]
- Rizal
[1] This is that "Year One" culture war stuff @President Earl Warren and I were discussing the other day...
[2] If you're thinking "Hey now this sounds just like the post-colonial Spanish American colonies that got taken over by caudillismo then yes, 100%, that's exactly what it's supposed to sound like
I was thinking more in relation to the degeneration of the Spanish Republic, where a Democratic society went into mass polarization and how it undermined democratic politics (see everyone and there mother deciding to assinate there opponents or turn a blind eye/sic a vicous general on whoever opposes you*) but this is also a a very disturbing demonstration of just what type of extremes are wrought when you get a Vanguard Leadership, driving what must be done for the sake of the People or the Nation… the Results will never be pretty.
*Granted the Astruian strikers were violent and needed to be quenched, but perhaps, sending the most vicous unit in the Spanish Army (with racial amorous to boot) was not the most well executed ways to handle this?
“Not the Most Well Executed Way to Handle It: A History of Spain from 1492-present”
😉
I kid! But yes, the Spanish Civil War was especially tragic since there was at least some semblance of a developed civil society beforehand
- Status