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No Forward Pass: Wider Implications of the Canadian Athletics Act
The efforts at Canadianisation of sports extended beyond hockey. The laws put Canada's semi-pro baseball clubs, exclusively playing in US based leagues and severely dependent on American talent, and a competitive disadvantage compared to other popular summer sports such as soccer, lacrosse and cricket.
In the years leading up to the act, there had been a strong push for the Canadian Rugby Football Union to adopt the forward pass, which had been introduced south of the border over two decades prior. This push largely disappeared with the advent of the act, which had, at Minister Longboat's request, specifically excluded tax exempt status for rugby clubs which adopted the 'Americanised' forward passing rule.
As a result, the reformers within the Canadian Rugby Football Union looked to a new way to speed up their game; and decided to follow the New South Wales Rugby Football League's lead in adopting the innovation of the 'play-the-ball'; wherein a tackled opponent is required to, as quickly as possible, return to his feet, place the ball on the ground at the spot he was tackled, and back-heel the ball to his scrum half (colloquially called the quarter-back in the more Scottish parts of the country); while the tackling team were all required to return to an 'onside' position 1 yard behind the point of tackle.
The existing Canadian rules requiring a team to advance the ball 10 yards within 3 tackles remained.
As professional sports developed in Canada, the University and amateur clubs which had previously competed on an elite level could do so no longer; after dominating the 1920s the Universities failed to reach a Grey Cup final after 1934.
However, the tax-free status of the Amateur Athletic Associations contributed to a proliferation nation-wide of smaller local and regional leagues in a variety of sports, amateur but relatively well funded for the time; and before long the local AAA was likely second only to the Church in terms of local civic participation and identification.