1.Nelson Mandela gets assassinated and South Africa does not end apartheid peacefully, but rather via a race war that scars the country. 2. The democratic republic of the kongo becomes a full on failed state at least as bad as otl Somalia because of warlords, civil war, deforestation and development exposing population centers to new or existing diseases like otl Ebola which bog down already limited medical resources which are needed for the civil war/warlords and absorb solders which are needed to take on the civil war/warlords because they are needed to maintain quarantine or risk the outbreak spreading. 3. Somalia bites it harder resulting in British Somaliland becoming independent and religious extremists like otl al-shabaab taking over the rest of Somalia. 4. France tries to hold on to all of Algeria and after years of fighting decides to cut its losses and only occupy north Algeria as south Algeria is just one giant money sink because
it's a desert. 5. Egypt never regains the Sinai peninsula and loses the suez canal after a successful French, British, Israel win in a alt Suez crisis. At some later date they attempt to build the Sahara sea with nukes and the settlements that pop up around the area and use the water for irrigation acquire extensive radiation poisoning possibly scaring the ecosystem for generations. 6-7. Morocco and Mauritania get into a protracted war over Western Sahara with both nations having irredentist claims on it and surrounding areas. 7. Muammar Gaddafi decides to become the Sudan Hussain of Africa and pushes arab nationalism by invading and annexing Tunisia. 8. Zimbabwe's longtime leader and Hitler mustache modal, Robert Mugabe decides to go all in on his controversial stances (I could see him escalating into a one-sided race war that would echo the worst aspects of WW2) 9. Northern Mali conflict turns the country into a failed state that fractures or gets taken over by Islamist extremists. 10. Sudan fractures harder with western Arab, none Arab and mixed portions of the country becoming independent (Darfur?) or joining South Sudan and the rest of north Sudan being invaded by a revanchist Egypt looking to capitalize on Arab nationalism as justification to annex the north Sudan like Libya did to Tunisia in example 7, Ethiopia, and South Sudan join in resulting in a 3-4 (4 if west Sudan (Darfur?) becomes independent) way partition of north Sudan.