Ang Mutia nan Katimuran, Book Two

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

893 CE
​

January-February:

In the Kraton of Tondo, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya passed a decree, in which he personally wrote with the help of his chief minister (Pangulu) Tiruravanam Balaydanaw, where the temenggongs (provincial governors) in the provinces of the Luuk-speaking heartland would serve their term for seven years, after which they would confirm their own successor in an assembly of local chieftains in the provincial capitals. Those who already served as temenggongs, the royal edict continued, would not be allowed to be elected again to the said position. Instead, as the edict suggested, the former governor would decide if they would still proceed to serve in the three royal cities (Tondo, Namayan and Gatus-na-Kapok) as part of the kingdom's government or retire from their functions as a government employee and return to their previous employment. Automatically, the decree was copied and distributed to the current temenggongs in the provinces of the heartland, and in effect, they wrote complementary decrees in relation to the assembly of local chieftains, who would serve as an electorate for choosing a new governor, with the participation of the delegates from the royal court.
​

March:

Festivities and homages were held across the newly-unified kingdom of Sibugay as Datu Tabunaway nog Guayan and Dayang Belembang nig Mipangi were proclaimed and anointed as joint rulers of the whole peninsula in a ceremony held in the city of Dipolog, where guests included some of the most influential merchants, minor noblemen from across Sibugay, local chieftains of the most important Sibugay towns and villages, selected members of the unified bureaucracy of the country and delegates from outside the kingdom. As agreed upon in a treaty signed by their fathers, the new Sibugay kingdom would have two capitals, Dipolog and Sembuangan, each with its own court; it was said that maintaining two capitals with courts whose members would be allowed to transfer to the each other's Kraton was to prevent alienation and tendency of separation for courtiers and some of the local nobility. Furthermore, in every corner of the Sibugay peninsula, a new flag had appeared to symbolized the unification of the Sibugay-speaking people, also known as the Subanen, under the new Guayan-Mipangi dynasty.

An ancient Sibugaynon flag​

April:

Ever since the marriage of Crown Princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen and Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga a few months earlier, the rumors of a possible inclusion of the latter's hometown of Kagsawa (and the rest of Nusang Ibal region) as a vassal state of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan persisted despite the assurance of the Kagsawa monarch Datu Mabanggi that his kingdom (and the region surrounding it, under suzerainty of Kagsawa) would remain independent. On the other hand, Datu Mabanggi indicated that he was open to the possibility that the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan and Kagsawa/Nusang Ibal would start formal diplomatic relations in the near future, especially because of the fact that his nephew was now part of the Tondo-Namayan royal family, the Haringadlaw clan; in fact, it was rumored within the inner court of the Kraton of Kagsawa that Datu Mabanggi was considering to appoint Gat Matapang, the father of the spouse of the heiress to the throne, as the next chief emissary of the country to the Luuk-speaking kingdom. Meanwhile in the neighboring kingdom of Isarog, its reigning monarch openly expressed the possibility of opening formal relations between his kingdom and the larger neighbor in its western border. Datu Sakang of the ruling Balaytumpok clan said that establishing embassies in each other's capitals would improve the already existing trading ties between Isarog and Tondo-Namayan, as well as solving the problem of its common border with the Manide-Inagta confederation.
​

May:

Inspired with the events that led to the establishment of the kingdom of Buglas, the chieftain of the island-domain of Katagusan[1] started a permanent campaign that would convince other Magahat[2]-speaking statelets to unite under his domain's leadership and create a kingdom that spanned all of eastern part of the island of Negros . Datu Mabanglis of the ruling Tigbawan clan was determined to convince his fellow chieftains to unite and form a confederation, in which in his own opinion would be a transitional step to the unification of all Magahat-speaking lands under the rule of the Tigbawan royal clan. So far, most of the chieftains of the southern Magahat states agreed to the proposal presented by Datu Mabanglis and formed a pact that would recognize the leadership of Katagusan while at the same time, the towns and villages would retain its autonomy; the pact was actually a confirmation of the influence of the island-domain in its area because it was considered that Katagusan was the most powerful among the southern Magahat states.
​

June:

After nine months of waiting and expectation from the general population of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, the first child of the Crown Princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen and her husband Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga was born within the quarters of the heiress to the throne in the Kraton of the royal capital Tondo. When the good news was proclaimed to the crowd outside the royal palace complex, the reaction was spontaneously joyful; after all, they celebrated the arrival of the third in line to throne of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. In effect, it was announced by the moanrch Gat Ama Perajaya that all official business in the kingdom, or at least in the region surrounding the royal capital and the main port city of Namayan, would be suspended for a week; the provinces and the city of Gatus-na-Kapok would follow the special announcement written by the monarch the week after. The Haringadlaw monarch's first grandchild was named Banuibatu in a religious ceremony performed by the chief priest (Punung Kiyai) Gat Apubanui nan Haringadlaw in the temple complex at the foot of Bulud Talim.

The Babaylan/Katalonan
​

July-August:

From the Bugkalot-speaking territories, the coins minted in the royal city of Gatus-na-Kapok has reached further north to their neighbors the Dumagats.[3] Interestingly, the introduction of the coins coincided with the transition of medium of exchange between the Dumagat villages from barter to market economy; coincidentally, cowrie shells were also began to use as a medium of exchange alongside the coins brought by the Bugkalot traders selling their products in the Dumagat-speaking territories, in which they sometimes exchanged with their Dumagat counterparts. Like their neighbors the Bugkalots, historians and archaeologists both agreed that the introduction of a formal currency and a market system had permanently transformed the Dumagat society in general, particularly on how they governed themselves and how they interact with their neighbors beside their neighbors the Bugkalots; Interestingly, it was during this period that they began to trade with the people of Tondo-Namayan south of their homeland, generations after a series of tragic events that pushed the ancestors of these traders to their present-day territory.
​

September:

In response to the repeated accusations of the Manide-Inagta clan leaders in relation to the movement of ships across the Mambulao Bay, the chief minister (Pangulu) of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan Tiruravanam Balaydanaw sent a scrolled letter of protest to the Manide-Inagta Confederation, telling them of the true intentions of the Tondo-Namayan naval fleet passing through the bay named after the de facto capital of the confederacy. In the said letter, the chief minister explained that there were fishermen from the eastern part of the kingdom catching fishes and other seafood beyond the what was considered the territorial waters, and the a fleet of Tondo-Namayan navy always accompanied these fishermen to protect them from possible enemies. In addition, the chief minister insisted that the Manide-Inagta clan leaders should fix their internal issues first, referring to the then ongoing conflict between the leaders for the ultimate leadership of the Confederation. The scrolled letter of response ended with a reminder that only Manide-Inagta people could fish in the area of Mambulao Bay in their outriggers; the chief minister suggested that the fishing techniques of their people would be improved if their outriggers would be complemented with the Tondo-Namayan fishermen's balangay, or at least its basic design.

Inagta-Manide outrigger
​

October:

In the kingdom of Kagsawa, it was indeed confirmed by the courtiers within the inner circle of its Kraton that the father of the consort of the crown princess of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan was confirmed as the chief emissary to the Luuk-speaking kingdom by the kingdom's monarch and the overlord of the surrounding Ibal region Datu Mabanggi. According to the courtiers, the Kagsawa monarch explicitly reminded Gat Matapang ku Haringadlaw that he was appointed to represent the interests of Kagsawa/Ibal Confederation in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, not to protect and promote the interests of his son Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga within its foreign court; just like his predecessor, the courtiers continued, he regarded the possible intervention of a chief emissary in the internal affairs of their countries were considered as a treason to the public service. Weeks after, the Tondo-Namauyan monarch reiterated what his Kagsawa counterpart had said when Gat Matapang ku Haringadlaw was confirmed to his position as the chief emissary of the Kingdom of Kagsawa and the rest of Ibal Confederation in the western, Luuk-speaking kingdom of Tondo-Namayan.
​

November-December:

The chief emissary of the kingdom of Middag/Beiwan has confirmed before both chief minister (Pangulu) Tiruravanam Balaydanaw and the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya that a group of bureaucrats from his country would arrive in the port city of Namayan as soon as possible. Tanka Cawatan explained that he received a scrolled letter from the Middag/Beiwan monarch Kamachat Walis saying that the bureaucrats that he personally sent were already been trained on every aspect of life in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, including its language and culture; the chief emissary of Middag added that the reading materials in relation to subjects related to the ministries of the Council of State were already been translated into Luuk language back in Middag/Beiwan. A month later, the group of Middag/Paiwan bureaucrats arrived in the port city of Namayan, where they were greeted by the monarch himself Gat Ama Perajaya. Indeed, the transformation of the kingdom's government has already begun.

​

NOTES:
[1] OTL: Island-province of Siquijor.
[2] The TTL Magahats weren't just more populous than their OTL counterparts, they were culturally advanced as well as they received some aspects of their own culture from their neighbors, the Buglasnon and Sugbuanon peoples. And yes, the Magahat-speaking territory is in the OTL provinces of Negros Oriental and Siquijor.
[3] TTL Dumagats were culturally advanced than their OTL counterparts, although they lived in a smaller territory, which is composed of OTL provinces of eastern Quirino and northernmost Aurora.

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

894 CE
​

January:

In the Kumintang capital Taal, Lakan Halimaw ng Tumbaga received a scrolled letter from the chief minister (Pangulu) of Tondo-Namayan kingdom Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw, in which the latter confirmed that there were plans of integrating the military forces of the vassal states like Kumintang to the larger Tondo-Namayan army and navy, and the plan included the construction of military infrastructures across the territory of the kingdom, in which include the proposed naval base in the northern tip of the island of Lubang as indicated by Laksaman Tirubalalang nan Ubu-ubu in his scrolled letter to the Kumintang monarch more than a year earlier. Incidentally, similar letters of this type were also sent to the rulers of other vassal states, Sisuan and Nusang Sambal.
​

February:

In the kingdom of Butuan, the royal council was convened by the monarch Datu Bantuan in the Kraton of eponymous capital of the kingdom, in which he declared the presence of the Manobo delegation as permanent part of the council; while some of the most prominent Manobo clan leaders had attended the sessions of the Butuanon royal council since it began three years ago, this time, their presence was only recognized by the Butuanon monarch, who praised the efforts of the Manobo clan leaders to heard the concerns of their respective communities and suggest everything that they believe that could improve the governing of the kingdom and its society. This year's topic was about the languages being used in the Butuanon territory and the composition of its military; according to the royal chronicles of Butuan, majority of the members of the royal council had agreed that the Butuanon language would be used as the language of the royal court and the government in the regions surrounding the capital city and the island of Bo-ol, while Manobo would be used in the regions where they were the majority; the language of the people of Karaga[1], which was related to the tongue spoken in Nusang Ete, would be considered in the near future. For the composition of the kingdom's military, the royal chronicles continued, the royal council unanimously favored the integration of all soldiers from different ethnic background. Simultaneously, as the Agusan March became part of the inter-island trade that encompassed the central and southern corner of the archipelago, the Manobos began to adopt some of the customs deemed as "foreign"; some of them even married foreigners, most of whom were assimilated to the Manobo society.

Agusan March
​

March-April:

Rulers of the nation-states in the central part of the archipelago, particularly in the western islands, had expressed their profound support to the ruler of the Magahat-speaking island kingdom of Katagusan as he started his campaign to unite all the territories inhabited by his fellow Magahats. From the kingdom of Hantik, Queen Maniwantiwan sent to a scrolled letter of support to her Katagusan counterpart Datu Mabanglis, saying that a unified Magahat kingdom would be a "valuable ally and partner" for her kingdom, especially when it come to both trade and military affairs, especially in defending their respective territorial waters and their terrestrial borders from potential enemies. From the Rade Confederation, its paramount leader Gat Sumakwel nan Gatusbalay had assured to the ruler of Katagusan in his scrolled letter that he would send some of the men from the whole confederation to his expanding domain in order to help him and the rest of the island's court to govern a very large territory with the help of the local chieftains. Interestingly, it was the scrolled letter of Buglasnon monarch Datu Kalantiyaw sang Asugi who caught the attention of Datu Mabanglis: the former assured in his letter that he would send soldiers and able military leaders to train a hypothetical Magahat army once some of the local domains refused to join the growing Magahat confederation.
​

May:

In the kingdom of Isarog, Datu Sakang nin Balaytumpok wrote a scrolled letter to his Tondo-Namayan counterpart Gat Ama Perajaya, suggesting that the two kingdoms should cooperate in securing their common long border with the Manide-Inagta Confederation as tensions between the clan leaders for the paramount leadership started to boil. The Isarog monarch explained that the Manide border area needed more fortifications and watchtower, using both Tondo-Namayan and Isarog soldiers; the former, meanwhile, was planning to integrate the militias of vassal states (Kumintang, Sisuan and Nusang Sambal). In addition, Datu Sakang said that the military reinforcement in the Inagta-Manide border could benefit traders from both Tondo-Namayan, particularly from the vassal state of Kumintang, and Isarog.​

​

June:

In a private conversation with the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya in the latter's private quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Tondo, the chief emissary of Middag/Paiwan finally told the Haringadlaw monarch the reason why the Chinese never sent an embassy to the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. Tanka Cawatan further explained that he actually read a scrolled letter from once of his personal correspondence, a well-known merchant from the southeastern Tang (Chinese) circuit (dau/道) of Kangnamtung (江南東)[2] , in which the merchant told the chief emissary that the officials in the imperial capital Diang-an (長安)[3] was unable to sent an embassy to Tondo because of the increasingly unstable and volatile climate as the direct political power of the emperors were losing its grip. The chief emissary of Middag/Beiwan concluded by a prediction the merchant told him in the scrolled letter sent to Tanka Cawatan: if the Chinese Empire would be permanently stabilized, while it was certain that Diang'an would sent an embassy to Tondo-Namayan, the tribute the latter would be paying would be less than what would expect from a tributary state.

The Dragon
Symbol of the Chinese Emperor and its power

​

July-August:

In the Kraton of the kingdom of Taytay, which was now the leading domain of the most of the island of Palaw'an, King Tungkuyanin received a scrolled letter from one of his principal military leaders in relation to the current situation in the southern part of the island. In the said letter, general Makeseg it Buludeska said that the region of Taniongbobog[4] refused to join the confederation of Palaw-an speaking statelets they considered themselves as part of the kingdom of Nusang Danum[5] in the neighboring island of Pulau Dayak[6], despite the fact they were actually a vassal state of the latter. Nevertheless, as the general indicated, a growing number of the population wanted their homeland to be unified with the rest of the island under the leadership of Taytay to the point of plotting a rebellion against the current ruler of Taniongbobog alongside his allies in its royal court; in fact, Makeseg it Buludeska indicated that the monarch of Barunai, who was then by now the overlord of the region of Taniongbobog, was not actually interested in keeping its direct influence in the said area. After he read the scrolled, King Tungkuyanin began to convene the top of its military hierarchy to plan on how to invade the southernmost part of the island, and after a few weeks, the leaders of the plot were "smuggled" to the Kraton of Taytay to meet with its king Tungkuyanin and to contribute to the plan of invading Taniongnobog. After another period of time of training, both in formal and guerilla tactics, the Taytay-led Palaw-anen troops began to invade the region of Taniongbobog, aided with the rebels disguised as civilians. The invasion lasted for more than a month and a relative large number of casualties, and as expected, the whole Taniongbobog became part of the Palaw-an confederation.
​

September:

A special royal decree was proclaimed by the monarch of Kagsawa Datu Mabanggi ku Daraga from the throne room within the Middle Court of the Kraton of the eponymous capital, in which he announced that the local chieftains of the rest of the region had already swore their alliance to Kagsawa, which was now the most prominent and most powerful among the geopolitical entities of the Ibal[7] region, as it was locally known, in the collective sense of the word. In the said special decree, the current Kagsawanon monarch had reiterated that the local towns and villages that were now under the newly-consolidated kingdom would retain their own autonomy as long as they fully respected the royal authority, which was based in Kagsawa, the capital of the kingdom. It was now been agreed that the consolidation and eventual unification of the Ibal region under Kagsawa was the result of long-running negotiations and treaties between the capital and its counterparts in the rest of the country, with the recent participation of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan.
​

October:

In his personal chamber within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Bakulud, the current monarch of the vassal state of Sisuan Apu Singsing ning Arayat had formally received a messenger acting on behalf of the priestly class of the temple complex of Bulud Arayat (Bunduk Arayat in Sisuan language), in which the latter had given the former a scrolled letter which the priests had informed that a group of papermaking workers from far north, possibly either the Samtoy region or Kaboloan, were successfully brought secretly to the temple complex, with the mission of teaching the art of papermaking to the people of Bulud Arayat temple complex, albeit clandestinely. The scrolled letter had indicated that the workers themselves informed them that their craft was considered a collective secret in the region of origin, which means that the priests of Bulud Arayat temple complex had paid a significant amount of money to their counterparts in the north, particularly in the Samtoy region, in exchange for confidentiality of learning the said craft. After reading the said scrolled letter, Apu Singsing ning Arayat wrote a response saying that the mission was successful, although the current Sisuan monarch advised them to be more careful.

Bulud Arayat
(Bunduk Arayat)​

​

November:

The monarch of Kagsawa Datu Mabanggi ku Daraga met with his Isarog counterpart Datu Sakang nin Balaytumpok when the former paid a private visit to the latter in the Kraton of Isarog. In a conversation conducted, interestingly, in both Old Malay and Luuk, which was now emerged as lingua franca in the states within the sphere of influence of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, they talked about the possibility of their respective domains being the vassals of the Luuk-speaking kingdom; Datu Sakang said that the vassalization could help permanently solve the problem of Manide-Inagta border region, even to suggest of vassalizing the territory itself, as long as there were other clans who want to rebel from their counterparts. For his part, Datu Mabanggi said that the possible vassalization could assure the permanent protection of the territorial waters of the Ibal Confederation from what he believed was the continuing threat from Masbat. In the end, the two rulers agreed that the best time for the vassalization of their domains would be the time Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen succeeded her father to the throne of Tondo-Namayan.
​

December:

In the island-kingdom of Romblon, the chief emissary of Tondo-Namayan Gat Taulakas nan Ubu-ubu presented before the court of Datu Balanak nan Taubuhid the coins made in the royal city of Gatus-na-Kapok as the Hanunoo monarch was planning to sent a team of workers to the mainland kingdom to learn to craft of coin making and using it to stimulate further the local economy. In addition, as the insiders within the Romblomanon royal court indicated, that beside keeping the cowrie shells, considered as the traditional medium of exchange, Datu Balanak told the Tondo-Namayan chief emissary that the coins that would be made in a hypothetical mint would be made of marble, the dominant mineral of the his kingdom. ​

NOTES:
[1] OTL: Surigao del Norte and Surigao del Sur.
[2] In OTL Mandarin Chinese, it is pronounced as Jiangnandong; TTL Jiangnandong excluded OTL Fujian as the latter remained Austronesian-speaking; such explanation will be tackled in the future when I write the prequel. Indeed, the southeastern circuit is composed of OTL southern Jiangsu and whole Zhejiang province.
[3] In OTL Mandarin Chinese, it is pronounced as Chang'an.
[4] OTL: Brooke's Point, Palawan
[5] OTL: Brunei Darussalam
[6] OTL: Borneo/Kalimantan
[7] OTL: southern Camarines Sur (around Mount Iriga) and whole Albay.

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

895 CE
​

January:

The chief minister (Pangulu) Tiruravanam Balaydanaw received a scrolled letter from the chief emissary of Middag/Beiwan in the royal capital Tondo Tanka Cawatan, in which it confirmed that a group of bureaucrats from his homeland would come to the kingdom within a month. The Middag/Beiwan chief emissary explained in his scrolled letter that he was personally informed by the monarch Kamachat Walis that the bureaucrats that the kingdom would sent were a large group and indicated that they were already trained in running most of the departments that composed the Council of State of the kingdom; in addition, the Middag/Beiwan chief emissary continued, some of these bureaucrats would go the provinces outside the central region surrounding Tondo and the chief port of Namayan to train and educate some people, particularly young people, on working as part of some departments beside assisting the temenggong. Immediately, the chief minister presented the scrolled letter to the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya in the latter's private room within the Kraton, and planned the next step together; within a few weeks, edicts were sent to the temenggongs in the provincial capitals in the heartland, informing them of the upcoming arrival of the Middag/Beiwan bureaucrats and urging them to create a decree that would encourage recruitment of potential talent to be part of the soon-to-be constructed bureaucracy of the kingdom, and they indeed followed the royal edict.
​

February:

The paramount leader of the Mangarin/Kalamian Confederation Apu Bakoko ta Bukid-dapogan had received a scrolled letter from his nearest counterpart in the northern kingdom of Tondo-Namayan Tiruravanam Balaydanaw while he was studying some important documents in his own quarters within the Middle Court of the Istana of Mangarin, in which the chief minister (Pangulu) of the Luuk-speaking kingdom was asking about the current situation in the island of Kalamian, particularly in its southern part. In his scrolled letter of response to Tiruravanam Balaydanaw, Apu Bakoko ta Bukid-dapogan had indicated that the current Palaw-anen monarch Gat Tungkuyanin it Kuaybulud had assured that it would continue to respect the decision that the southern mainland Kalamianen city-state would be open to trade with any geopolitical entity, including Tondo-Namayan and Palaw-an. In fact, the current Kalamianen confederate leader had revealed that the current Palaw-anen monarch had contributed to the completion of the temple complex at the vicinity of Bulud Alangan,[1] which would serve as the heart of the recently consolidated priestly class of the whole Kalamianen Islands in general.

Bulud Alangan​

March-April:

As promised by the Middag/Beiwan monarch Kamachat Walis through the letter sent by its chief emissary Tanka Cawatan almost a month earlier, a group of bureaucrats from the northern semi-Sinicized Austronesian kingdom had arrived in the main port city of Namayan, where they were warmly greeted by the leading courtiers and palace officials headed by the chief minister (Pangulu) Tiruravanam Balaydanaw. The Middag/Beiwan bureaucrats were aboard on a couple of ships which traveled for a few weeks. At the time they arrived in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, courtiers and officials in the Kraton had selected a group of people that would go training from the visiting bureaucrats for a few months; some of them were part of the then-burgeoning bureaucracies of the kingdoms that formed the Luuk Confederation shortly before the civil war, others were completely neophytes. In addition, the materials that would be used in training new bureaucrats, which were imported from Middag/Beiwan, were already translated to Luuk language and a lot of copies (in scrolled abaca) were transported to the the provinces outside of central region; the Middag/Beiwan embassy participated in such activity. As such, some of the Middag/Beiwan bureaucrats went to the provinces in the heartland to train new personnel there, as decreed by the scrolled letter sent by their monarch Kamachat Walis.
​

May:

While the rest of Kraton was busy on supervising the training of the personnel that would provide the "backbone" to the departments that would make the future Council of State of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, someone had appeared in the throne room and make a homage before the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya. He introduced himself as Kamayin na Nangkayan, a highland Kaboloan chief and said to be the emissary of all Kaboloan chieftains, both from the highlands and the lowlands. The Kaboloan delegate explained his presence before the Haringadlaw monarch: To convince Gat Ama Perajaya to accept their offer of vassalage, more than four years since the Kraton of Tondo received a scrolled letter from the chieftains of the same region. Accompanied by his chief minister (Pangulu) Tiruravanam Balaydanaw, the Tondo-Namayan accepted the introduction and explanation of Kamayin na Nangkayan and he welcomed the latter's suggestion on vassalizing the whole Kaboloan-speaking domain. ​

​

June:

In the kingdom of Hantik, Queen Maniwantiwan received a delegation of merchants from the northern nation-state of Tondo-Namayan in the throne room within the Kraton of the Hantikan royal capital Malandog as the latter intended to establish trade relations with the western Visayan kingdom. According to the insiders within the Hantikan inner court, both the queen and the merchants were perfectly aware that the existence of Tondo-Namayan should be a "secret" to the neighboring Rade Confederation, especially for the merchants who served as a sort of an unofficial embassy; in fact, they were even aware of the reminders told to them by the chief minister of Tondo-Namayan Tiruravanam Balaydanaw, as well as the chief emissary of the northern kingdom to Hantikan Gat Tirubanug (anak Harihanuman) nan Apatutan about the said political affair. In addition, it was also rumored within the inner circles of the Hantikan royal court that Queen Maniwantiwan was currently courted by the younger brother of the current monarch of Taytay (Palaw-an) King Tungkuyanin, Prince Penmurugan it Kuaybulud, who currently served as part of his homeland's embassy in Malandog.
​

July:

In his personal quarters within the Kraton of Taal, the monarch of the southwestern vassal state of Kumintang Lakan Halimaw ng Tumbaga sent a scrolled letter to the chief minister (Pangulu) of Tondo-Namayan, in which he insisted that while there would be a permanent presence of the Luuk-speaking kingdom's military, both terrestrial (army) and especially (navy), in the island of Lubang, their counterparts in Kumintang would remain intact, with their purpose of defending the borders of the southwestern vassal state and maintaining peace and stability within the kingdom. The current Kumintang monarch had further clarified that while he supported the cooperation between the two military forces, there's still be a clear-cut definition of the roles that both Tondo-Namayan and Kumintang military had assigned within the southwestern vassal state's territory. According to the courtiers within the Kraton of Taal, Lakan Halimaw had consulted the senior members of his advisory council, which included the elders from different towns and villages, more than a year after the former had received the scrolled letter from the royal court of Tondo-Namayan, citing it as a "very sensitive" topic.​

August-September:

The marriage between the crown prince of Butuan Gat Hanuman hong Bugabus and the eldest daughter of Datu Tirukalkin III of Nusang Ete, Dayang Malunuk sin Baybay-Ete was celebrated in the Kraton of the capital Butuan. As a result, the daily activities of the royal court were personally suspended by the Butuanon monarch Datu Bantuan for a couple of weeks. Elsewhere in the whole kingdom, there were celebrations as well; people praying in the shrines and temples for the well-being of the newly-wed royal couple. In the bride's homeland of Nusang Ete, there were also celebrations too, as well as homages and prayers from the people of the said kingdom, from the largest temple complex to the humble shrines in small villages across the country. The marriage of Gat Hanuman and Dayang Malunuk was the culmination of the two-month period of courtship and arrangements within the Kraton of Butuan; the marriage itself had a political connotation; it strengthen the relationship between the two kingdoms. As expected, the newly-wed couple would live in their own palace complex in the coastal city of Ginduman[2] in the island of Bo-ol, considered as the second capital of the kingdom.

Gindulman
​

October:

In the Kraton of the royal capital Tondo, chief minister (Pangulu) Tiruravanam Balaydanaw told the Kaboloan delegate Kamayin na Nangkayan that through the former's recommendation, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya would sent a group of delegates to Kaboloan lands to consults the latter's fellow chieftains, both in the lowlands and the highlands, in relation to the possibility that the region would be absorbed to the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan as a vassal state. In addition, the chief minister has assured Kamayin that the autonomy of their city-states within the kingdom, although he reminded the highland Kaboloan chief that they would be a possibility that the city-states would be combined with each other to form a single political entity, something that, surprisingly, understood by Kamayin na Nangkayan; the chieftain himself had revealed months earlier that there were rumors among the chieftains of the whole Kaboloan region of such geopolitical scenario, especially of the fact that both the highlanders and lowlanders of Kaboloan were free to exchange their products and services with each other in every part of the territory.
​

November-December:

In the Kraton of Sambal capital Ulungapu, the monarch Apu Manguwang nin Ulungbulud died from a sudden heart attack in his bedroom within the palace complex. He was sixty-six years of age. As the Sambal monarch, Apu Manguwang reigned for forty-six years, in which there were changes that lasted like the consolidation of the internal territory of the kingdom from a collection/confederation of city-states into a single kingdom with an assured autonomy in for the remnants of city-states (e.g. towns and villages), combined with modest bureaucratic system indirectly inspired from the Chinese (through Middag kingdom); it was also during his reign that the Sambal culture and literature had flourished in a massive way that modern-day historians and cultural scholars classified it as the "Silver Age" of Sambal culture in the pre-colonial era. During the Luuk Civil War, he allowed the refugees from the western lands to reside temporarily in the eastern frontier while trying to resolve the conflict; in fact, he was the ally of the Haringadlaw clan in their struggle to unite the whole Luuk-speaking region, which culminated in the formation of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. He was succeeded by his eldest son Apu Aliahok as the monarch of Nusang Sambal.

​

NOTES:
[1] OTL: Mount Halcón.
[2] ITTL Gindulman is larger and more populous than its OTL counterpart as it incorporated the OTL municipalities of Jagna and Batuanan/Alicia.

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

896 CE
​

January:

The Palaw'an monarch Tungkuyanin went to the Hantikan royal capital Malandog to personally meet the country's monarch Maniwantiwan as they discussed the arrangements for the latter's upcoming nuptials between the queen of Hantik and Prince Penmurugan Kuaybulud; such gestures made by the king of Taytay (and the rest of the island-kingdom of Palaw'an) indicated that he already acknowledged the romantic relationship between his younger brother and then most well-known reigning female monarch in the region, known for her beauty as well as her intelligence and martial skills, unusual even for a royalty like her. According to the insiders within the inner court of the Kraton of Malandog, the younger Kuaybulud was now learning the culture of his soon-to-be homeland, particularly the religious and literary traditions; he was assisted by the scholars and scribes working in the royal palace complex.
​

February-March:

The chief minister (Pangulu) of Tondo-Namayan Tiruravanam Balaydanaw informed the mnarch Gat Ama Perajaya about the possibility that the coin-making town of Gatus-na-Kapok achieve the status of a royal city like the capital Tondo and the port of Namayan as the former presented a scrolled letter of petition from some of the most prominent citizens from the said northern town to the Haringadlaw monarch in the latter's private quarters within the the Kraton of Tondo. For his part, Gat Ama Perajaya responded that he would study the petition of the prominent citizens of Gatus-na-Kapok if that was valid enough for their hometown to achieve the status of a royal city. In a course of few weeks, both Gat Ama Perajaya and his chief minister had learned that the petition was described as "more than legitimate" and began to collaborate on writing a scrolled document that would confirm the recognition of Gatus-na-Kapok as a royal city, equal in status with the cities of Tondo and Namayan. For the ceremony of giving the document, the Haringadlaw monarch assigned his daughter, the crown princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen, for such a significant event in the history of the Gatus-na-Kapok, accompanied by her husband, and she indeed did it.

Ancient Philippine gold coin​

April:

In the Rade confederal capital of Irong-irong, the paramount leader Gat Sumakwel nan Gatusbalay openly expressed his disbelief to the rumors that Queen Maniwantiwan of the neighboring Hantik would keep a secret of either political or diplomatic (or both) nature, explaining that the confederation wouldn't ever want to interfere in the internal affairs of its neighbor, especially for a kingdom like Hantik, because for the Ede-Jarai paramount leader, it could lead to misunderstanding between the kingdoms which could even lead into a series of armed conflicts if such transgression wasn't immediately followed by a diplomatic apology. However, what Gat Sumakwel didn't know was in the neighboring Hantik, the royal court slowly began receiving merchants from the northern kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; in fact, an embassy was already present in its capital Malandog. Incidentally and/or curiously, the northerners of Tondo-Namayan and Ede-Jarai shared the same culture and traditions, especially the language they spoke.
​

May:

In the Buglasnon capital Binalbagan, Datu Kalantiyaw sang Asugi announced before an assembly of chieftains from every corner of the country that a set of common (and basic) laws would be implemented across the kingdom in order to avoid unnecessary legal incidents that could lead to misunderstanding between the inhabitants of different villages. Called the Laws of Kalantiyaw, it was composed of the common Buglas laws that everyone in the realm should understood, recognize and comply, combined with punishments that were actually reflected the pre-colonial Philippine traditions and customs. According to the royal chronicles of Buglasnon, scribes and scholars within the Kraton helped Datu Kalantiyaw in codifying the already existing laws that were common among the Buglasnon, especially the traditions and guides on how to behave properly and have a profound respect for the authorities and the elderly as well, for example. At the time the assembly was held, scrolled copies of the Laws of Kalantiyaw were already made and distributed to the local chieftains, as they (correctly) believed that it would be implemented in their respective communities.

Modern representation of the Laws of Kalantiyaw
Binalbagan, Province of Buglas​

June:

In his personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of the royal capital Tondo, the chief minister (Pangulu) Tiruravanam Balaydanaw received a scrolled document from the leader of the Middag/Beiwan bureaucrats in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan Shikatafatu Bangka, in which it reported that the trainees responded well to their instructions within the last year and performed well in their assigned tasks, especially in collecting taxes. The head of the Middag/Beiwan delegation recommended to both chief minister and the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya that a quarter of the Middag/Beiwan bureaucrats would remain in Tondo-Namayan to guide and supervise the kingdom's newly-created bureaucracy, particularly those who would work in the departments that would composed the kingdom's Council of State. As a result, Shikatafatu Bangka was formally invited to the Kraton and began a series of meetings with both the Pangulu and the Haringadlaw sovereign, which was about the planning and preparations for the Council of State of the kingdom and its departments, particularly on its functions and the participation of the ministers in aiding the chief minister in shaping the policies of the kingdom on aiding the monarch.
​

July:

In his personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Inodiongan, the current monarch of the island-kingdom of Romblon Datu Balanak Taubuhid received a scrolled from Tondo-Namayan counterpart Gat Ama Perajaya, in which the latter said the Romblomanon royal court could now sent a delegation of workers to the emerging northern frontier town of Gatus-na-Kapok in the Luuk-speaking kingdom's north for training and acquiring the skills related to the craft of coin making. Also in the said scrolled letter, the current Haringadlaw sovereign of Tondo-Namayan also told Datu Balanak that sending the delegation of potential workers to Gatus-na-Kapok should be at least coincided with the formal construction of the coin making factory in a specific part of the island-kingdom, most probably in the town of Naylog[1] in the island of Sibuyan or even in the island of Malandik[2]. Interest on establishing the coin making industry in Romblon became one of personal preoccupation of Datu Balanak Taubuhid ever since he was given sample coins by the chief emissary of Tondo-Namayan Gat Taulakas nan Ubu-ubu when the latter presented himself in the throne room of the Kraton of Inodiongan.
​

August-September:

Celebrations and homages in every corner of Hantik as the people of the kingdom witnessed the marriage between Queen Maniwantiwan and Prince Penmurugan Kuaybulud, the younger brother of the Palaw'an/Taytay monarch Tungkuyanin, in a solemn religious ceremony within the Kraton of Malandog, the Hantik royal capital. Among the guests in the said ceremony was the king of Taytay/Palaw'an himself, accompanied by some of the courtiers from Taytay, the de facto Palaw'anen royal capital. Leaders of other Visayan nations either sent their representatives or personally attended the marriage in Malandog; one of those was paramount chief of Rade Confederation Gat Sumakwel nan Gatusbalay, who actually preferred the first option, and the Buglasnon monarch Datu Kalantiyaw sang Asugi, who personally went to Malandog in order to witness such a historical event. In summary, the nuptials of Queen Maniwantiwan of Malandog-Hantik and Prince Penmurugan Kuaybulud was the culmination of the three-month formal courting period which was always been the tradition among the aristocrats and royals in the whole region.

Scenes from the royal court
(Borobodur, Java)​

October:

According to the observers from the royal northern city of Gatus-na-Kapok, most of the rulers of the Bugkalot city-states, especially the largest and most powerful, was seriously contemplating of uniting their domains under a single territory, taking advantage of the flat terrain that encompassed most of Bugkalot homeland. The observers had added that some chieftains were willing to sacrifice their status for the sake of unifying their common homeland, especially the rulers of small city-states. The latest geopolitical developments in the Bugkalot lands (Nusang Bugkalot in Luuk language) has always been monitored in the northern part of the Luuk-speaking heartland of the kingdom, particularly when it was observed from the royal city of Gatus-na-Kapok; for the northerners, such developments would be needed to be informed to the rest of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan "as soon as possible" as they believed that the Bugkalots were "unpredictable"; the geopolitical transformation of the Bugkalot society actually begun with the introduction of coins from its southern neighbor Tondo-Namayan many years ago.
​

November-December:

At the recommendation of the chief minister (Pangulu) Tiruravanam Balaydanaw, a team of ten people was sent by the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya from the Kraton of Tondo to the Kaboloan lands as they've traveled across the region in order to consult the chieftains of the local city-states, both lowland and highland, in relation the possibility that the region would be absorbed to the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan as a vassal state of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. Accompanied by the highland Kaboloan chief Kamayin na Nangkayan, who often served as interpreter, the courtiers from Tondo-Namayan went to every chieftain in every part of the Kaboloan region in order to consult and explain the possible vassalization of the region in general; one of the options, as indicated by the courtiers themselves, was the unification of all Kaboloan-speaking lands before the admission to their larger neighbor in the south before the admission.

​

NOTES:
[1] OTL: Magdiwang, Romblon
[2] OTL: Marinduque.

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

897 CE
​

January:

According to the court insiders within the Kraton of the royal capital Tondo, both chief minister (Pangulu) Tiruravanam Balaydanaw and monarch Gat Ama Perajaya had already set up a plan on setting up the Council of State of the kingdom, which would aid the Tondo-Namayan in shaping the policies that would deemed beneficial for the kingdom. Aided by the leader of the Middag bureaucrats Shikatafatu Bangka, the proposed Council of State of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan would be composed of eight department heads, each with its own ministry to handle, accompanied with six other ministers that would accompany the chief minister in helping the monarch on governing the kingdom and known its current state. It was indeed, the court insiders continued, that the proposed Council of State was patterned/inspired from what was already existed in the northern semi-Austronesian kingdom of Middag, which in turn borrowed the idea of such governing body from Japan and ultimately derived from the Chinese Empire. As of that moment, the court officials has yet to announce if the plan would indeed implement, but it was certain that the proposed Council of State, together with the new bureaucracy system, would be became an important part of the government of the kingdom.
​

February:

The chief minister of the western Visayan kingdom of Hantik Datu Humadapnon sang Palimbukid confirmed the news that Queen Maniwantiwan was already pregnant by announcing that the female monarch would temporarily curtail from her daily activities as ruler for a few more months, indicating that the Hantikan queen was already pregnant by four months. In her place, the Hantikan chief minister continued, would be her husband Penmurugan Kuaybulud, who by then had already knew the routines of running the kingdom with the help of senior courtiers in the Kraton of Malandog. Otherwise, the announcement of the Hantikan chief minister concluded, the activities within and outside the royal palace were normal. Given the relatively small size of the Hantikan territory, Datu Humadapnon's decree, written exactly as the same words as he announced before the employees at the Kraton, spread instantly from the royal capital Malandog to the rest of the kingdom.
​

March:

The chief emissary of Chola Empire Madhavan Maalolan Sethuraya wrote a scrolled letter to its monarch Ko Rajko Chola about the current situation in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan kingdom and its surrounding domains. In the said document, the head of Chola embassy in the royal capital Tondo narrated the significant events that happened in the recent period, including the arrival of bureaucrats from the northern semi-Siniczed kingdom of Middag and the plans of setting up a Council of State within the walls of the Kraton of Tondo by its king Gat Ama Perajaya with assistance from his chief minister Gat Ama Perajaya and the leader of the visiting Middag bureaucrats Shikatafatu Bangka. In the same letter, Madhavan Maalolan Sethraya suggested to the Chola sovereign that the empire should more influence to the external affairs of the emergin Luuk-speaking kingdom, saying that it should take advantage of the current political situation in the Tang Empire/China, who traditionally wielded a significant influence in its immediate region, reminding Ko Rajko Chola that the some aspects of the culture of the inhabitants of the kingdom (and the rest of its immediate region) were influenced and/or borrowed from the Tamils, the inhabitants of the empire, mostly through the Nusantara region.
​

April:

In the Magahat Lands (Nusang Magahat), Datu Mabanglis sa Tigbawan announced that he would halt the current expansion of the domains under his control temporarily as he was preparing to set up a government that would effectively govern the whole newly-unified kingdom while at the same time keeping the autonomy of every village and town in every corner of (most of the) Magahat territory; the royal court, meanwhile, would remain in the island-kingdom of Katagusan as long as its senior courtiers were yet to find a suitable capital for a newly-unfied Magahat kingdom. In order to form a government that would help the monarch in governing the kingdom, the courtiers approached minor nobles and local rulers in every corner of the Magahat Lands for recruiting men who could work "for the greater good of our kingdom and the king". Meanwhile, it has been rumored that Datu Mabanglis' decision to halt temporarily his campaign to unite all Magahats was because he fell in love with the daughter of the ruler of Gipadulngan[1], one of the remaining independent Magahat city-states in the north.
​

Hinakpan Hills (Buntul Hinakpan)
The most well-known landscape of Gipadulngan
​

May:

According to the courtiers who worked in the Kraton of Inodiongan, which was located in the capital of the island-kingdom of Romblon, its current monarch Datu Balanak Taubuhid, with the help with the senior and middle-level court officials, had already chosen the people who were recruited from every part of the Four Islands as part of the delegation that would be sent by the Romblomanon royal court to the town of Gatus-na-Kapok in the northern kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, where they would be learning the art of the coin making; at the same time, the courtiers had revealed that the current Romblomanon monarch had wrote a scrolled letter to the local chieftains in a couple of towns in the island of Malandik, the definite place that Datu Balanak personally chose for the construction of the coin making factory in the Four Islands of Romblon.
​

June:

In the western Visayan kingdom of Hantik, its chief minister Datu Humadapnon sang Palimbukid formally confirmed through his open declaration to the courtiers and employees of the Kraton of the Hantikan royal capital Malandog that Queen Maniwantiwan had already gave birth to a pair of identical twins, which they were named Marikudo and Manduyog, in the conjugal chamber within the royal palace complex. The chief minister added that the current monarch would still have limited royal duties for the next couple of months as she was advised to take care of her twins; in her stead was her husband Penmurugan Kuaybulud, who assumed the responsibility of performing most of the royal duties and responsibilities. As the written version of Datu Humadapnon's declaration has reached every corner of the kingdom, celebrations and homages were held in every town and villages across Hantik as the people commemorated the birth of twins of their beloved queen. Nonetheless, the birth of a pair twins would present a very serious problem in the succession to the Hantikan throne, as Datu Humadapnon later admitted.
​

July:

In the private quarters of the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya within the Kraton of Tondo, the chief emissary of the Chola Empire Madhavan Maalolan Sethuraya was personally invited by the Haringadlaw sovereign to talk about the state of affairs, particularly the relationship between the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan and the Tamil-dominated empire located in the southeastern part of the Meluhan/Indian subcontinent. The Chola chief emissary wasn't hesitant to tell Gat Ama Perajaya that the imperial court of his home country, which was now led by Ko Rajko Chola as emperor, was "more than determined" to recover its major influence, both political and cultural, in the archipelago, including the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan itself; Madhavan Maalolan Sethuraya added that his homeland would took such opportunity as the Dai Dang (大唐)[2] Empire was slowly descending into chaos because of weakening imperial power. The Haringadlaw monarch responded that while he respected the assumptions of the Chola imperial court of regaining influence, Gat Ama Perajaya respectfully reminded Madhavan that the people of Tondo-Namayan, like the rest of the archipelago, would always adapt and assimilate certain elements of a foreign culture to its own; the influences included the Tamil culture of Chola Empire. The Haringadlaw sovereign asserted his own philosophy on dealing with other counties, both within and outside the archipelago: Be pragmatic.
​

August-September:

Ships, merchant and otherwise, from an obviously northern origin was seen off the coast of the island of Tikaw, which was under jurisdiction of the kingdom of Masbat; according to some of the residents, mostly fishermen and their families, the ships were heading toward the coast of Ibalon peninsula, which was under the jurisdiction of the kingdom of Kagsawa. As a large plurality of the people living in Tikaw still held bitter memories of how they've been expelled in the aftermath of a war that cost their properties, their lands and their whole lives, it immediately caught the attention of its monarch, Gat Tanggigi san Natadkugita; after it was identified that the ships came from the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, he immediately sent a scrolled letter of protest to his Luuk counterpart Gat Ama Perajaya, saying that the passage of the ships caused certain amount of anxiousness and intimidation among the residents of the island of Tikaw; the Masbatnon monarch then narrated the summarized history of the residents living there. Almost a month later, the Masbatnon monarch received a scrolled letter of response from his Tondo-Namayan counterpart Gat Ama Perajaya, in which the latter confirmed that there were indeed ships that transported goods to the ports in the Ibalon peninsula; Nonetheless, the Haringadlaw monarch of Tondo-Namayan sincerely apologized if there were any military ships accompanying their merchant counterparts and explained that the route to Ibalon peninsula wasn't explored yet from the point of view of his kingdom
​

October:

In the Kraton of Tondo, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya and his chief minister Tiruravanam Balaydanaw discussed in the former's private quarter about the current situation that involved the kingdoms of Masbat and Kagsawa, especially when it comes to Tikaw Islands and Ibalon peninsula. The Pangulu of Tondo-Namayan told the Haringadlaw sovereign about the war that had occurred between the two kingdoms over the control of Ibalon peninsula, which ended in the victory for Kagsawa and the evacuation of the previous inhabitants of the said peninsula to the northeastern part of the kingdom of Masbat, most especially in Tikaw island, where it was said that the plurality of the former Ibalon residents lived until that moment. Weeks after the said meeting, the monarch personally summoned the emissaries of both Kagsawa and Masbat to the royal palace complex, telling them to write to their respective monarchs to meet with him at the Kraton of Tondo as Gat Ama Perajaya was trying to settle "once and for all eternity" the issue of Tikaw and Ibalon as a mediator.

Seascape of Tikaw Island​

November-December:

Ever since the birth of the royal twins in the western Visayan kingdom of Hantik, the senior courtiers within the Kraton of the Hantikan royal capital Malandog was trying to resolve an unexpected dilemma: Who would succeed Queen Maniwantiwan in the future? Eventually, other prominent members of the Hantikan society like the priestly class, scribes and some of the most prominent merchants in the country began to express their own opinions regarding to the succession issue. After more than two months of speculations and uncertainty on the succession, the chief minister of the kingdom Datu Humadapnon nan Palimbukid formally announced to the rest of Hantik that both Queen Maniwantiwan and her husband had mutually decided that Gat Manduyog was chosen as the queen's successor in the Hantikan throne, a title that would be confirmed when he reached the right age. For Datu Marikudo, the chief minister continued, would probably trained either in the military or among the priests, depending on the personal decision of his parents. The declaration, obviously, quickly spread to the rest of Hantikan, both through the word of mouth and in scrolled document.

​

NOTES:
[1] OTL: Guihulngan, Negros Oriental.
[2] ATL Northern Chinese pronunciation of Tang dynasty (Da Tang)

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

898 CE
​

January-February:

Both the monarchs of Kagsawa and Masbat has responded to the call of the Tondo-Namayan moanrch Gat Ama Perajaya to formally end the remaining tensions in relation to the issues of Ibalon peninsula and the sentiments of the majority of the people living in Tikaw island, who used to reside in the peninsula before the Kagsawanen victory. Through their scrolled letters that they've sent to their Tondo-Namayan counterpart in the Kraton of the Luuk royal capital Tondo, both Gat Tanggigi san Natadkugita and Datu Mabanggi ka Daraga has expressed their acceptance on the invitation of Gat Ama Perajaya, saying that they put a faith in the Haringadlaw sovereign to permanently resolve such problem. According to the insiders within the inner court of the Kraton, one of the proposed suggestions that would be presented by the Tondo-Namayan monarch when he would met his Kagsawa and Masbat counterparts.
​

March:

In the Palaw-anen royal capital of Taytay, King Tungkuyanin has formally announced that the recently unified island-kingdom itself would known as the kingdom of Palaw-an after the whole island itself, which was now under the rule of a single kingdom. The Kuaybulud furtherly explained that the people of the island-kingdom shared the same culture, traditions and especially languages and long been aware that they're similar to their neighbors despite being divided politically. The Palaw'anen monarch had added that while the town of Taytay would remain as the royal capital, other important towns across the island-kingdom, mostly former city-states from a bygone are, would be given ample recognition and attention as King Tungkuyanin believed that such actions would prevent the re-fragmentation of the island-kingdom of Palaw'an from happening. Such declaration was the confirmation that whole island of Palaw'an and the kingdom of Palaw'an was now indeed the same under the leadership of the Kuaybulud dynasty, a culmination of the expansion of Taytay that was actually started three and a half generation earlier.
​

April:

The chief minister (Pangulu) of Tondo-Namayan Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw formally began to select people what he felt that could be capable of leading the departments that would make the Council of State (Pened nan Kaharian) of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. Aided by the head of Middag bureaucrats Shikatafatu Bangka, the chief minister carefully read and selected scrolled letters of the personalities that they actually believed has the ability and the expertise to lead the ministries; a lot of them were minor nobles, merchants, even former bureaucrats and military commanders of the kingdoms that then formed the Luuk Confederacy expressed their interest/desire to serve the new bureaucracy system of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. When asked by the junior courtier on the bureaucrats in the provinces, Tiruravanam Balaydanaw responded that the provincial bureaucrats were already doing their jobs because the temenggongs already selected the heads of the departments from the said class based on merit and seniority, and he added that it would be possible in choosing the minister in the Pened.
​

May:

In his personal chamber within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Ulungapu, the current monarch of Nusang Sambal Apu Aliahog nin Ulungbulud received a scrolled letter from his counterpart in the neighboring kingdom/vassal state Sisuan Apu Singsing ning Arayat, in which the latter had inquired about the possible arrival, albeit relatively clandestine, of the papermaking workers from the far north, specifically from the Samtoy region, to introduce their craft, with the possibility of training local men into such craft, which was said (and already acknowledged) to be a state secret in the Samtoy region. In response, Apu Aliahog nin Ulungbulud wrote in another scrolled letter that another delegation of Samtoy workers had already been arrived in the inland region of his kingdom, particularly in the Gunung Pinatubu, the sacred mountain of the Sambal people, which was located in the mountainous portion of the town of Maraunot[1], where the temple complex dedicated to Apu Malayari were also located. In addition, the current Sambal monarch had confirmed that they already recruited able-bodied men from the rest of the vassal state to be trained and work in Maraunot.

Mount Pinatubo
(Gunung Pinatubo)​

June-July:

In the Magahat Lands (Nusang Magahat), the rumors that Datu Mabanglis sa Tigbawan was courting the eldest daughter of the ruler of the northern Magahat city-state of Gipadulngan has confirmed after Dayang Yumi's father, Gat Haribodi sa Dalambukid, gave them an official blessing. The courtship of the Magahat monarch from the island of Katagusan lasted for more or less than two months, in which the Gidadulngan chieftain has accepted the scrolled document that would absorbed his domain to the rest of the mostly-unified Magahat kingdom while accepting the position of being the chief minister of his future son-in-law. Indeed, like most of their counterparts, plurality of the court of Gidadulngan was transferred to the town of Bakong, which was now chosen as the Magahat royal capital. After the courtship period, Datu Mabanglis sa Tigbawan and Dayang Yumi sa Dalambukid get married in a lavish and large ceremony held in the Kraton of Katagusan. Eventually, the news of their marriage has reached every corner of the Magahat-speaking territory, resulting in celebrations and homages across in towns and villages across the fully unified kingdom.​

​

August:

A month after his nuptials with Dayang Yumi sa Dalambukid, Datu Mabanglis sa Tigbawan paid a visit to the temple complex at the foot of Bulud Kanlaon, considered as the mast sacred place for the Magahat people, regardless of their previous loyalty to their respective city-states, especially in the period before the eventual unification of the all Magahat-speaking territory under the leadership of island-kingdom of Katagusan. In the temple complex, the Magahat monarch and his wife prayed to the principal gods of the Magahat pantheon and offered food in the central altar of the temple complex, which was dedicated to the supreme god Kaptan. Afterwards, Datu Mabanglis and Dayang Yumi visited to town of Bakong[2], which was proclaimed recently as the capital of the newly-unified Magahat kingdom and they were said to be impressed by the beauty of its coast; elsewhere in the new Magahat capital, constructions were ongoing for the new Kraton that would dominate the landscape of the town; residences of the prominent merchants and nobles were carefully planned in order to prevent potential tensions, as well as the outer sections of the new royal capital.

Beachside near Bakong
​

September:

In the Kraton of Tondo, the chief minister (Pangulu) Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw informed the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya that he already chose eight people to lead the departments and six other people to assist the chief minister, as well as the monarch, it decision-making, thus forming the kingdom's Council of State (Pened nan Kaharian in Luuk language), the highest civilian government organ. The chief minister presented the names of the sixteen individuals who would form the council from hundreds of individuals who presented their interest and candidacy in being part of the royal government of Tondo-Namayan, particularly in the Council of State of the kingdom; he was aided by the chief of the visiting Middag/Beiwan bureaucrats Shikatafatu Bangka, who based the selection on merit and seniority, inspired by selecting the heads of the provincial branches of the eight departments in the provinces of the Luuk-speaking homelands. The scrolled document containing the names of sixteen personalities selected to be part of the Council of State would need to be confirmed by the monarch through stamping the Royal Seal of Tondo-Namayan on it. According to the insiders within the Kraton of Tondo, when the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya read the scrolled document containing the names of the personalities chosen to be part of the Council of State of the kingdom by his chief minister and the head of the Middag/Beiwan delegates, except for a single person, and his name was Kamandag Balaykatana.
​

October-November:

The Kraton of Crown Princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen in the holy city of Atipulu informed the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya in the royal capital Tondo through a scrolled letter that the heiress to the throne was already three months pregnant, and in effect the regular activities of the crown princess would be curtailed temporarily; the courtiers added that her husband Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga would assume the responsibilities and roles that the Crown Princess usually do. In effect, the Kraton of Tondo announced to the rest of the kingdom through a royal edict the pregnancy of the heiress to the throne of Tondo-Namayan. The reaction of the people of the kingdom, both in the Luuk-speaking heartland and in the vassals, were immediate: Festivities and homages were held in every corner of the kingdom, especially in the provinces of the Luuk-speaking heartland. At the same time, prayers and offerings to the gods were held in the temples and shrines across the kingdom, hoping for the good health of their beloved princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen.
​

December:

The sovereign of the kingdom of Butuan wholeheartedly dismissed the rumors that a group of Manobo elites in the interior was plotting a conspiracy against the royal government for what was perceived as the continuing dominance of the Butuanons (both from the mainland region surrounding the capital and from Bo-ol) and Surigaonons in the composition of the royal court within the Kraton of Butuan. Datu Bantuan hong Bugabus said that such rumor, as well as conspiracies that circulated within the kingdom, has no basis and he believed that such tactics were invented in order to country the kingdom as a whole. Furthermore, he added that the Manobos were predominantly "loyal citizens of the kingdom", and explained that a lot of known personalities of such origins has contributed much to the kingdom in general, especially in trade and in the military. In fact, Datu Bantuan insisted that there is a "visible presence" of Manobos in the royal government.

​

NOTES:
[1] OTL: Inland part of Botolan, Zambales.
[2] OTL: Bacong, Negros Oriental

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

899 CE​

January:

In his personal quarters within the Kraton of Tondo, Gat Ama Perajaya summoned both his chief minister (Pangulu) Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw and the head of Middag/Beiwan bureaucrats Shikatafatu Bangka to talk and discuss the scrolled document containing the fourteen personalities chosen to be part of the kingdom's Council of State more than three months earlier. In the said meeting, the Tondo-Namayan monarch honestly told the pair that he rejected a single personality from the scrolled document they've submitted, an individual named Kamandag Balaykatana. Gat Ama Perajaya then further explained that he hired a team of spies to investigate the background of such individual by interviewing immediate members of his family in the town of Balintawak in the northeast of the royal capital for the last three months; he found out that Kamandag Balaykatana, a man with a history of mental problems, particularly hallucinations, simply falsified the scrolled letter that was actually written by his older brother Kaburaw Balaykatana before sending it to the royal palace complex. When asked by chief minister Tiruravanam Balaydanaw about the current location of the said personality, the monarch responded that (Gat) Kamandag was brought to the temple complex at the foot of Bulud Talim as he felt that imprisonment in Pulilu would be too much for someone like him, and added that personally sent a scrolled letter to Gat Kaburaw about the confirmation that he was one of the sixteen people who would be part of the kingdom's Pened.
​

February-March:

In the embassy of the kingdom of Middag/Beiwan in the royal capital Tondo, the chief of the visiting bureaucrats Shikatafatu Bangka revealed before the chief emissary Tanka Cawatan that almost half of the visiting bureaucrats from their homeland already established families within the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, mostly in the region surrounding the royal capital and the port city of Namayan, as well as in some parts of provinces of the Luuk-speaking heartland like Nusang Kawit, Bulakan and Atipulu. In relation to such situation, Shikatafatu Bangka sincerely expressed his preoccupation on the said bureaucrats who already established their roots in the country; for his part, Tanka Cawatan has assured the chief bureaucrat that he would arrange any possibility to locate them, especially outside the central region, added that the Middag/Beiwan monarch Kamachat Wallis would understand the situation of the bureaucrats who married local women and raised families in the country. In effect, a team of scribes was hired by the Middag/Beiwan embassy to locate such families, particularly in the provinces surrounding the central region; their journet lasted for weeks. For the bureaucrats and their families who were living in the central region, they would personally see Tanka Cawatan in the embassy of the kingdom of Middag/Beiwan.
​

April:

In the kingdom of Sibugay, a royal decree was announced before the people of the kingdom, in which it determined the destiny of the children of Gat Tabunaway nog Guayan and Dayang Belembang nog Mipangi, both present and future, and their respective positions in the throne of the country. According to the said decree, while firstborn offspring would remain the heir or heiress to the throne of Sibugay, his or her younger siblings and their future descendants would retain their stake on inheriting the throne, especially if the firstborn offspring died before their parents, the current monarchs of the kingdom; the younger siblings, as the royal decree continued, could serve either within the royal court, the emerging bureaucracy or in the military. The royal decree was subsequently reached every corner of the peninsula-kingdom almost at the same as the first fleet of unified Sibugaynen merchant fleet began their journey to both the Visayan islands and Borneo; they were soon to be known for their colorful sails.

Sibugaynen vinta with colorful sail
​

May:

A couple of months after the chief of visiting Middag/Beiwan bureaucrats Shikatafatu Bangka informed the chief emissary of the northern semi-Sinicized Austronesian kingdom Tanka Cawatan on their countrymen who married local women and raised families in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, the team of scribes of whom the chief emissary has hired had returned to the royal capital Tondo to inform Tanka Cawatan on the number of such families in the provinces outside the central region, particularly in the provinces of Atipulu, Nusang Kawit and Bulakan. They also handled the scrolled documents that recorded the details on every individual Middag bureaucrat and his family. The compilation and collection of scrolled documents lasted for almost three weeks, and when the task of collecting the necessary documents finished, the chief emissary of the kingdom of Middag/Beiwan wrote a scrolled letter to its monarch Kamachat Wallis about the existence of such families, and asked for clemency from the monarch for what he perceived as disloyalty to the service of the semi-Sinicized island-kingdom the said letter was accompanied by the scrolled documents compiled and collected from both the central region and the provinces surrounding it.
​

June:

After years of training the members of bureaucracy and building it up, as well as selecting and confirming the head of the departments and deputy ministers, the Council of State (Pened nan Kaharian) was formally proclaimed in a solemn royal ceremony in the throne room within the Kraton of Tondo. Alongside the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya and the chief minister (Pangulu) Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw, the ceremony was attended by some of the most important personalities in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, both from the provinces of Luuk-speaking heartland and the vassal states like the temenggongs or their representatives, monarchs of vassal states or their representatives and chief emissaries of neighboring kingdoms and confederations. The said ceremony was headed and performed by the chief priest (Punung Kiyai) Gat Apubanui nan Haringadlaw, who anointed the members of the Council of State. As agreed upon by the royal court, the members of the Pened would live in its own complex within the Kraton of Tondo, which was within the Outer Court of the palace complex, which was in the north.​

July:

Ever since the treaty between the kingdoms of Masbat and Kagsawa was approved by both sides with the presence of the monarch of Tondo-Namayan Gat Ama Perajaya, the interaction between the inhabitants of Ibalon peninsula and Tikaw island started to normalize through trading between the two places, although their ties were "distantly cordial" at the very start due to the painful memories of fleeing Ibalon peninsula after a Kagsawanen victory that lasted for more than a single generation for the residents of Tikaw Island. A couple of fleet from the Tondo-Namayan navy helped to fully normalize the relationship between the two people; serving both as guard ships in the main ports of both sides of Tikaw Pass and interpreters in transactions and interactions between the Masbatnen-speaking residents of Tikaw Island and Kagsawanen-speaking residents of Ibalon peninsula. As the result of such collaborative efforts, the Tikaw Pass area became an emerging trading route within the region.​

Tikaw Pass
with Gunung Bulusan at the background
​

August:

As preparations for the arrival of the monarchs of Masbat and Karaga in the royal capital Tondo for a very important diplomatic meeting in relation to the definite status of both Ibalon peninsula and the former inhabitants who were currently living in the island of Tikaw, the new councilor of state Kaburaw Balaykatana collaborated with the chief minister of the kingdom Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw and the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya on drafting and writing the definite (scrolled) document/s that would guide the upcoming meeting, particularly the objectives, the issue itself and the proposed solutions to the said problem. Since the Tondo-Namayan monarch was the mediator of the said meeting, his presence would be needed in order to realize the objective and solutions for the problem that plagued the kingdoms of Masbat and Karaga for a very long; he would be accompanied by his chief minister (Pangulu) and the councilor of state, both of whom would act as observers. Weeks later, accompanied by some of their advisers, both Gat Tanggigi san Natadkugita of Masbat and Datu Mabanggi ka Daraga had arrived in the Kraton of Tondo, where they were formally greeted by their Tondo-Namayan counterpart, accompanied by the latter's chief minister and chief diplomat, a member of the recently-established Council of State of the kingdom. The said meeting lasted for two and a half weeks. According to the insiders within the Kraton of Tondo, both leaders most agreed on the solutions presented by the team led by Gat Ama Perajaya, especially the suggestion that the inhabitants of both Ibalon peninsula and Tikaw island should engage in trading with each other, with supervision from the Tondo-Namayan navy.
​

September:

A fleet has arrived in the main port of Namayan; the colorful patterns of the sail has attracted a vast crowd. When the merchants emerged from their ship, they proudly proclaimed that they came from a kingdom called Sibugay, and they were been told by the royal court in the western Visayan kingdom of Hantik about the (northern) kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, and they claimed that they were aided by the community of Tondo-Namayan merchants in the said country, particularly in its capital Malandog. Almost immediately, the Sibugaynen merchants were presented to the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya in the throne room within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Tondo; the merchants presented to the monarch the abridged history of their homeland, which was presented as a scrolled document. The Haringadlaw sovereign responded that he appreciated the gift given by the Sibugaynen merchants, saying that they were welcome to trade with their counterparts within his kingdom. Meanwhile, in the embassy of Middag/Beiwan in the royal capital Tondo, the chief emissary Tanka Cawatan received a scrolled letter personally written by his monarch Kamachat Wallis in relation to the bureaucrats who married local women and raised families in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, particularly in the region surrounding Tondo and the main port city of Namayan as well as in the provinces surrounding it. What surprised the chief emissary was the conciliatory tone of the letter, especially for a monarch like Kamachat Walis as it indicated that he already understood the said fact, explaining that most of the bureaucrats who established roots in Tondo-Namayan were actually bachelors, and as the Middag monarch continued in his personal scrolled letter, the relatively long period teaching and training Tondo-Namayan's nascent bureaucracy accompanied with loneliness would lead to fall in love with one of the local women, and the Middag/Beiwan monarch sincerely doesn't want to control their feelings. In the end, Kamachat Walis told in his personal letter that the returned bureaucrats reported such events when they got back home and as a result, they were immediately replaced. After he read the scrolled letter, Tanka Cawatan wrote a series of scrolled letters to such men in different parts of the kingdom to inform them about the scrolled letter personally written and sent by their monarch.
​

October:

In both Ibalon peninsula and the island of Tikaw, the people of both sides of the Tikaw Pass began to reconstruct their already existing shrines dedicated to the whale shark, locally known as butanding, into a relatively modest temple complex as the region became more prosperous because of trading not just with each other, but also with other parts of the archipelago (Sangkapuluan in Luuk/Namayan language). The whale shark was venerated and worshipped on both sides of the Tikaw Pass, who they believed was the servants of the water god Tubigan, who said to be ruled underwater. At the same time, people from the eastern Visayan kingdoms and states, began to know profoundly about the existence of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan through the people of Tikaw and Ibalon peninsula, particularly its wealth and influence over the northern part of the archipelago.

Whale shark
Butanding​

November:

After more than six years, the Kraton of Crown Princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen in the town of Atipulu formally announced that the heiress to the throne was three months pregnant and her royal activities were completely curtailed until the expecting child or children were reared enough to resume her duties and responsibilities; until then, her husband Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga would substitute Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen in performing the duties and responsibilities of the heiress to the Tondo-Namayan throne; the decree from the Atipulu Kraton clarified that such substitution has already received a royal blessing. As the decree reached every corner of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, both in the provinces of Luuk-speaking heartland and in the vassal domains, the reaction of the common folk was immediate: festivities were held in every town and villages, thanking the local deities for the pregnancy of their beloved Crown Princess and prayed for the safety not just of the heiress' own health, but also of the child/children as well. The said decree was the very first time that the Kraton of the Crown Princess has issued without passing to the main Kraton in the royal capital Tondo; according to the courtiers within its Inner Court, Gat Ama Perajaya thought it would be inconvenient to do such actions as he believed that the court of the Atipulu Kraton had enough resources to proclaim such decree on its own.
​

December:

In both Tondo and Taytay in the island-kingdom of Palaw-an, rumors of the possibility that the second daughter of Tondo-Namayan monarch Gat Ama Perajaya and Palaw'anen monarch Tungkuyanin was widespread to the point that it reached outside the walls of their respective Kratons; it was unusual for a self-sworn binukot like Dayang Mayari nan Haringadlaw to receive such an invitation for a betrothal or marriage, especially for a ruler from a far-away kingdom like Palaw'an. In fact, her older sister Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen thought that the rumors of such betrothal was simply ridiculous to the point of being farcical. However, according to the insiders within the Inner Court of the Kraton of Tondo, the father of the binukot Gat Ama Perajaya seriously thought of having his younger daughter being betrothed to a young and capable ruler with full of promise like Tungkuyanin iy Kuaybulud of Palaw'an; in fact, the Haringadlaw sovereign personally wrote and sent a scrolled letter to his Palaw'anen counterpart in order to see her younger daughter in Tondo, and he indeed went up north to see Dayang Mayari, much to the slight disappointment of the Crown Princess. In the end, Dayang Mayari and King Tungkuyanin of Palaw'an were already betrothed in a solemn religious ceremony within the Kraton of Taytay.​

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

900 CE​

January:

In the embassy of Middag/Beiwan in the royal capital Tondo, the chief emissary Tanka Cawatan received a scrolled letter personally written by his monarch Kamachat Wallis in relation to the bureaucrats who married local women and raised families in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, particularly in the region surrounding Tondo and the main port city of Namayan as well as in the provinces surrounding it. What surprised the chief emissary was the conciliatory tone of the letter, especially for a monarch like Kamachat Walis as it indicated that he already understood the said fact, explaining that most of the bureaucrats who established roots in Tondo-Namayan were actually bachelors, and as the Middag monarch continued in his personal scrolled letter, the relatively long period teaching and training Tondo-Namayan's nascent bureaucracy accompanied with loneliness would lead to fall in love with one of the local women, and the Middag/Beiwan monarch sincerely doesn't want to control their feelings. In the end, Kamachat Walis told in his personal letter that the returned bureaucrats reported such events when they got back home and as a result, they were immediately replaced. After he read the scrolled letter, Tanka Cawatan wrote a series of scrolled letters to such men in different parts of the kingdom to inform them about the scrolled letter personally written and sent by their monarch.
​

February:

More or less than three after his meeting with the chief emissary of the Chola Empire Madhavan Maalolan Sethuraya in the temple complex in the foot of Bulud Talim, the chief priest (Punung Kiyai) Gat Apubanui nan Haringadlaw told his older brother Gat Ama Perajaya in the latter's personal quarters within the Kraton of Tondo about the true intentions of the Tamil-speaking empire in its relationship with the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan through its chief emissary in the Luuk-speaking kingdom. In their meeting, the chief priest has revealed to the Tondo-Namayan monarch that Madhavan Maalolan Sethuraya wanted the Luuk-speaking kingdom to pay a certain amount of tribute to the Chola Empire in exchange of recognizing its power and influence in the rest of its immediate region, if not in the most of the archipelago. In response, Gat Ama Perajaya has reiterated in his conversation that if the chief emissary of the Chola Empire wanted a tribute, Madhavan Maalolan Sethuraya should go to the palace complex himself and talk about the tribute; the Haringadlaw monarch insisted that paying tribute would be a good option, he thought that paying a lower tribute not just to the Chola Empire, but also to a possibly resurgent Chinese Empire, would balance the power between the two major powers and strengthen the position of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan as the leading player in the archipelago.

The flag of the Chola Empire​

March:

In the Kraton of Tondo-Namayan, the chief minister (Pangulu) Tiruravanam Balaydanaw received the chief emissary of the kingdom of Middag/Beiwan Tanka Cawatan and they talked about the employment of the former Middag bureaucrats who already have families in the kingdom, particularly in both the central region and the provinces surrounding it like Bulakan, Atipulu and Nusang Kawit. The chief minister said that he believed that most of the Middag/Beiwan bureaucrats were already found employment, especially in the central region where they became part of the bureaucracy; in the provinces, Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw admitted, they were little information about the employment of the former Middag/Beiwan bureaucrats. Thus, with the permission of the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya, the chief minister has assigned a team of scribes and courtiers to the main towns of the three neighboring provinces to find out if the former Middag bureaucrats found employment in their respective places; incidentally, they were the same delegation that was hired by the Middag/Beiwan embassy more than a year ago. The search lasted for almost a month; when the team returned to the Kraton, they've informed the Pangulu that almost all of the former Middag bureaucrats currently residing in the provinces were employed in their respective provincial governments. Almost immediately, Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw sent a messenger to the Middag embassy to inform Tanka Cawatan, complete with a copy of the scrolled document written by the scribes and courtiers.

​

April:

After more or less than two years of construction and planning, the Kraton in the new Magahat royal capital Bakong was completed; the palace complex shared the same features as its counterparts in the rest of the archipelago, especially the Kratons of Binalbagan, Malandog, Taytay and especially Tondo; it was constructed in a quadrilateral piece of land, composed of a series of buildings compacted within the three courts, and surrounded by walls and moats. As part of an agreed consensus, half of the royal court in the current royal capital Katagusan would be transferred to the new Kraton in the mainland with the royal family; the rest of the new royal court in Bakong would mostly be recruited from the former courts of the city-states across the new kingdom, most of whom were now relocated to the new capital. In fact, as a sort of compensation, , Datu Mabanglis sa Tigbawan has issued a decree that make the Kraton of Katagusan reserved for the heir or heiress to throne of the Magahat kingdom, alongside the rest of the royal court who stayed there; in addition, the Magahat monarch indicated that the palace complex would still be used by the royal family in various periods of the year.
​

May:

In the Kraton of Tondo, the chief minister (Pangulu) Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw and the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya formally received the embassy from the southern kingdom of Sibugay in the throne room within the royal palace complex as the two kingdoms formally established diplomatic relations. The Sibugaynen chief emissary Gat Balag nog Balagon presented himself to the both the Haringadlaw monarch and his chief minister in, surprisingly, Luuk language: before he accepted the position as the head of the Sibugaynen embassy in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, Gat Balag was a known trader with strong links to the Luuk-speaking trading community in the western Visayan kingdom of Hantik; in fact, the Sibugaynen monarchs Gat Tabunaway nog Guayan and Dayang Belembang nog Mipangi personally thought that the appointment of Gat Balag nog Balagon would be an advantage because of his fluency in Luuk language, in which the monarchs actually thought as a variant of Rade language, which was actually the same language. The installation of the Sibugaynen embassy led by Gat Balag Balagon in the royal capital Tondo was one of the indications that the influence and power of the Luuk-speaking kingdom.
​

June-July:

After nine months of pregnancy, the Crown Princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen gave birth in her personal quarter in the Kraton of the heiress to the throne in the town of Atipulu; this time, the child was a female, and the Crown Princess named the newborn child Idiyanale after the goddess of labor and good efforts. Her husband Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga continued his role as a substitute for royal responsibilities and roles that was usually reserved for his wife; nonetheless, he also shared the parental role in raising their children with the heiress to the throne. Sometimes, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya visited the Kraton in Atipulu to see his grandchildren and accompanying his eldest daughter in running the household within the palace complex. When the people of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, in both the provinces of Luuk-speaking heartland and the vassal domains, learned of the birth of the second child of Dayang Katangkutu Inangpen, they responded with celebrations in every town and city in every part of the kingdom, accompanied with prayers and offerings of thanksgiving to the deities in both shrines and temples, particularly in the foot of Bulud Talim, where an elaborate ceremony was held to commemorate the birth of the beloved Crown Princess.​

​

August:

The messenger has personally approached the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya in the latter's personal quarters within the Kraton of Tondo; it was Dan Kao-Ui[1] (陳教偉), the merchant from the southern Chinese circuit of Kang-lâm-tang[2]/Kangnamtung (江南東), of whom the Middag/Beiwan chief emissary Tanka Cawatan was talking to the Tondo-Namayan monarch years ago. Dressed like a true government official of the Chinese Empire, Chen then proceed to the personal quarters of Gat Ama Perajaya and gave the latter a respectful bow; the purpose of the said surprise visit, as the prominent Chinese merchant and diplomat had admit to the Haringadlaw sovereign on the same day, was to confirm that despite the increasing turmoil in his home country, the Imperial Court in Diang-an was said to accept a reduced amount of tribute from the Luuk-speaking kingdom in exchange for the latter's recognition as an emerging power with an enormous influence in the archipelago. However, Dan Kao-Ui, who was also fluent in Beiwan language, noghas reiterated that such affirmation would only used "once that the situation in China improves",meaning that such talks of formal diplomatic ties between the Chinese Empire and the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan would only be materialized once the geopolitical situation in the former was stable enough to establish such ties.

A Tang Dynasty official​

September:

In the Sibugaynen capital Dipolog, the chief emissary sent by the Tondo-Namayan monarch Gat Ama Perajaya presented himself and the rest of the embassy to the Sibugaynen monarchs Gat Tabunaway nog Guayan and Dayang Belembang nog Mipangi in the throne room within the Dipolog Kraton. The new chief emissary of Tondo-Namayan in the peninsula-kingdom, Gat Kimat nan Balaykasili, hailed from the province of Nusang Kawit and hailed from a long dynastic tradition of merchants and diplomats, most of whom served in the royal court of their native homeland before the Luuk Civil War; in fact, before he accepted the position of heading the Tondo-Namayan embassy in the kingdom of Sibugaynen, he was already been part of the Tondo-Namayan embassy in the northern semi-Sinicized Austronesian kingdom of Middag. When he introduced himself, the new Tondo-Namayan chief emissary used the Malay tongue in order to understood by his hosts the Sibugaynen monarchs and the rest of its royal court. Like his contemporary/counterpart Gat Balag nan Balagon, the presence of Gat Kimat nan Balaykasili and the rest of Tondo-Namayan embassy has indicated (and confirmed) that the influence of the Luuk-speaking kingdom has reached the south of the archipelago.
​

October:

A messenger who went to the southern city-state of Taniongbobog had immediately informed the current Palaw-anen monarch Gat Tungkuyanin it Kuaybulud in the throne room within the Kraton of Taytay's Middle Court, in which the former had told the latter that most of the members of the ruling family of the southern Palaw-anen city-state had already fled to the south, possibly to the territory of Lun Bawang[3] in the northern part of Pulau Dayak. The messenger said that while there were several theories that was spread among the common folk of Taniongbobog the motivation of their (previous) rulers to fled rather than fight to death, he noted that the (previous) rulers of the southern Palaw-anen city-state were indeed came from Lun Bawang, thus they were foreign in origin and quite different from their (former) subjects. For his part, Gat Tungkuyanin hwas said to be highly elated as the fact that the said event had signified the eventual unification of the island-kingdom as a whole under the Kuaybulud dynasty.

Coastline of the Old Town
Taniongbobog, Palaw-an​

November-December:

Both the emerging bureaucratic system and the Council of State (Pened nan Kaharian) of Tondo-Namayan had become the focus of curiosity for the kingdoms in the rest of the archipelago, particularly the nation-states in its immediate area of influence: The royal courts of the kingdoms sent emissaries to the Kraton of Tondo to study and observe how the royal government of the Luuk-speaking kingdom was working, especially the departments that made its Council of State. For the vassal domains of the kingdom, they have already a bureaucratic system of their own, although they weren't as extensive as their counterparts in Tondo-Namayan, so they just sent emissaries to Tondo just to observe the daily activities of the Council of State, most especially the departments that made the said government body; after all, the vassal states want to replicate what has been observed in the Luuk-speaking kingdom, which was their overload.

​

NOTES:
[1] TTL Northern Chinese: Jen Kau-vi, OTL Mandarin: Chen Jiaowei
[2] Gô͘-Lâm (OTL Min Nan as spoken in Zhejiang) pronunciation of the circuit/region//
[3] OTL Brunei and northern Sarawak.

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

901 CE
​

January:

Led by the current confederate leader Apu Bakoko ta Bukid-dapogan, the chieftains of the Mangarin Confederation has unanimously proclaimed in their meeting in the town of the same name that they accepted the monarch of Tondo-Namayan Gat Ama Perajaya as their overlord as the stability and peace in the whole island of Kalamian was now fully assured. According to the chieftains of the leading Kalamianen city-states, the reason behind such a decision was that they already acknowledged the protection the Luuk-speaking kingdom had offered to their respective domains, saying that its mere presence enabled them to know the world beyond their own lands and beyond the island as well through with other part of the kingdom and the archipelago in general. Weeks after such an historic meeting in the town of Mangarin, the Kalamianen leaders drafted and wrote a scrolled document in which it affirmed what they've decided in the said meeting, which was the proclamation of the Tondo-Namayan monarch Gat Ama Perajaya as the overlord of the all city-states in the whole island of Kalamian. After the scrolled document was finished, it was immediately sent to the Kraton of Tondo. More or less than a fortnight later, the Kalamianen chieftains had learned that the Haringadlaw sovereign had accepted their document and stamped it with the Royal Seal of Tondo-Namayan, which means that Gat Ama Perajaya has indeed accepted their proclamation as the overlord of Kalamianen domains.
​

February:

The current monarch of the island-kingdom of Romblon Datu Balanak Taubuhid went to north to the island of Malandik to personally visit the island-kingdom's very own coin making factory, which was operated by the same personnel who traveled to the town of Gatus-na-Kapok in the northern part of Tondo-Namayan in a few years earlier and supervised by the courtiers whom he personally appointed from his personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Inodiongan. According to those who witnessed the said royal visit, the current Romblomanon monarch was said to be personally curious on the said craft, and when Datu Balanak went to Malandik to personally visit the coin making factory, he always asked questions to the workers on the basics of making coins (silver, gold, and bronze), which was currently used alongside the native cowrie shells in exchanging goods and transactions. Almost a fortnight after Datu Balanak returned to Inodiongan, he became sick and the courtiers had immediately the resident priests-medics; according to the said courtiers, it was possibly the result of overexposure of the current Romblomanon monarch to the working environment of the coin making factory.

Incomplete Video:
Making an ancient Chinese coin​

March:

A week after the New Year celebrations, official business has resumed in the royal government of Tondo-Namayan, particularly in the Kraton of Tondo. In this case, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya and his chief minister Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw has received the Middag/Beiwan chief emissary Tanka Cawatan accompanied by his personal friend, the merchant from the southeast Chinese prefecture of Kang-lâm-tang/Kangnamtung (江南東) Dan Kao-Ui/Jen Kau-vi (陳教偉) in the monarch's personal quarters in the Inner Court of the royal palace complex; it was actually the second time for the latter the royal palace complex ever since he arrived in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. Another royal guest was, surprisingly, the chief emissary of the Chola Empire Madhavan Maalolan Sethuraya, who accepted the invitation he received from the courtiers of Kraton of Tondo before the New Year celebrations more than a week earlier. The meeting was about the possibility that the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan would pay less tribute in exchange for recognition from both the Chinese and the (Tamil-speaking) Chola Empire as the leading power in the archipelago; the chief minister indicated that the rest of the Council of State (Pened nan Kaharian) advised the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya that the chief emissaries of both empires should be informed that the reduced tributes would enable the kingdom to reinforce its independence and neutrality, something that the Haringadlaw sovereign had already done.
​

April-May:

In the Kitanglad territory, the leading chieftains of the eight tribes that formed the Confederation was said to be considering the offer of the Butuanen monarch Datu Bantuan hong Bugabus to accept his younger brother Datu Kugita as the overlord of the confederation. The Butuanen monarch had explained to the leading Kitanglad chieftains in a meeting within the former's private quarters in the Kraton of Butuan that the installation of Datu Kugita would ensure the permanent stability and cohesiveness of the Kitanglad territory as a whole; the fact that the younger brother of the current Butuanon monarch was already married to a Binukid noblewomen and raised their children like a true inhabitant of the region, particularly in the Kitanglad Plateau, as well as his fluency in the language of the tribes was able to convince most of the prominent clan leaders in the region. The meetings between Datu Bantuan and the prominent Kitanglad clan leaders, as well as between the latter and Datu Kugita, continued for a few weeks, with the possibility that such meetings would last for a long period.
​

June:

The chief minister (Pangulu) of Tondo-Namayan Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw has found unconscious by the courtiers when they were about to enter the former's personal quarters in the Outer Court of the Kraton of Tondo. The said courtiers immediately rushed the chief minister to the quarters of the royal physician, where the latter has thoroughly observed Tiruravanam Balaydanaw for days; the royal physician then informed the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya that his chief minister was suffering from fatigue in the last few days due to his duties as the head of the Council of State (Pened nan Kaharian), thus the royal physician had advised that Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw should need a more than a week of rest from his duties as the principal adviser to the monarch. The chief minister has been recovered from what has been an unexpected medical condition, although his duties was slightly reduced to allow sufficient time for full recovery. Nevertheless, at the same time rumors had begun within the royal palace complex about the possible successor to Tiruravanam Balaydanaw as the chief minister of the kingdom; the monarch himself dismissed such rumors as premature, saying that the current chief minister could go if the latter felt that his health started to deteriorate.
​

July-August:

Explorers from the chiefdom of Bolaang Mongondow in the extreme north of the island of Sulawesi went to southern Mindanao to explore its coast and establish contact with the tribes living there, who were collectively known as the Bilik; the Mongondow explorers had reached the Bilik[1]/Sarangani Bay (Luuk nan Bilik/Sarangani in Luuk language) and found a clan of coastal Bilik tribe called the B'laan living in its coast; being fluent somehow in a closely related Austronesian language, the B'laans living in the coastal town of Gumasa told the Mongondow explorers that it was the very first time that a foreign ship had reached their shores, and offered their help in exploring the rest of the region around the bay, which the Mongondow explored had immediately accepted; the exploration within the Bilik/Sarangani Bay region took almost a month. Because of the help of the B'laans living in Gumasa, the rest of the Bilik-speaking territory has started to know the world outside their domains, particularly those who came from the kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow.

Gumasa
​

September:

Rumors had circulated in both Kratons of Atipulu and Tondo that the husband of the Crown Princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen wasn't satisfied at his current role as the spouse of the heiress of the Tondo-Namayan throne. According to the courtiers in both royal palace complexes, Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga told his most intimate friends who personally visited his quarters within the Inner Court of the Kraton of Atipulu that he felt useless, especially for a man like him who used to served in the military when he was in Kagsawa; they added that he poured the same sentiment to his uncle, the Kagsawanen monarch Datu Mabanggi when the latter personally visited them in Atipulu. Automatically, such news spread to the Kraton of Tondo, where it caught the attention of the chief minister (Pangulu) Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw, who by then was now fully recovered from an unexpected medical condition that struck him more of less than three months ago and resumed his regular duties and responsibilities as the chief adviser and the head of the Council of State of the kingdom, and then immediately informed the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya about the supposed plight of his son-in-law. The result was a very personal meeting between the two gentlemen in the private quarters of the monarch in the Kraton of Tondo, where Gat Tungaw poured his sincere feelings about his role as the spouse of the heiress of the throne, saying that he was just honest about his true purpose in the royal family aside from being the husband of the Crown Princess and the son-in-law of the current monarch. After almost two weeks of hard decision-making, accompanied with constant consulting sessions with his chief minister and the higher-ranking officials of the Tondo-Namayan army on the said matter, Gat Ama Perajaya finally granted his son-in-law a position in the military that deserved respectability, especially for the husband of his successor: that of a general, albeit honorary.
​

October-November:

After a relatively long time of negotiations and compromises, the principal clan leaders of the eight tribes that formed the Kitanglad Confederation and the Butuanen monarch Datu Bantuan hong Bugabus has agreed through a treaty that they've signed where the clan leaders had recognized the latter's younger brother Datu Kugita as their overlord while at the same time the kingdom of Butuan should recognize and respect the independence of the Confederation as a distinct geopolitical entity. In the said treaty, it also said that that the upcoming overlord of the Confederation should act as the arbiter in settling disputed involving the eight different tribes that composed the confederation and act as the de facto chief ruler of the ruler alongside the prominent chieftains that composed the collective leadership of the Confederation. A copy of the treaty was given to Datu Kugita in order to inform him of his future responsibilities as the overlord of the Kitanglad Confederacy. A month later, Datu Kugita and his family had relocated to Kitanglad and set up their permanent residence in the said town, and in the religious ceremony that included anointing from the priests/shamans, Datu Kugita had personally offered foods and flowers to the principal gods of the Kitanglad pantheon.
​

December:

In the Kraton of Tondo, the chief minister (Pangulu) Tiruravanam Balaydanaw has sent a series of scrolled letters to the principal clan leaders of both Kaboloan and Kalamian/Mangarin that they should go to the royal capital in the next month to confirm their allegiance to the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan and accept the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya as their overlord. The chief minister had explained in his scrolled letters that the presence of principal clan leaders from both regions could help to legitimize the acceptance of their domains as vassal states of the kingdom. Both the Mangarin Confederation and Kaboloan accepted their new status as vassals despite their decentralized system of government because the principal leaders of both regions felt that associating with Tondo-Namayan would expand their horizons.



​

NOTE:
[1] "Bilic" was the name for OTL Saranggani/Socksargen region after the name of a sub-branch of Philippine languages (Bilic/South Mindanao).

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

902 CE
​

January:

The principal clan leaders from both Kaboloan and Kalamian went to the throne room in the Kraton of Tondo to attend an important ceremony confirming the inclusion of their respective domains to the expanding Luuk-speaking kingdom. Alongside the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya who would personally preside the said ceremony, the chief minister of the kingdom (Pangulu) Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw and the chief priest (Punung Kiyai) Gat Apubanui nan Haringadlaw was also present in the throne room, as well as the Crown Princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen, accompanied by her husband, the general Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga. Out of curiosity, Kamayin na Nangkayan was present in that historic event, this time as part of the Kaboloan contingent. Indeed, the presence of the principal clan leaders from the two new vassal domains of Tondo-Namayan confirmed the new status of their homelands within the Luuk-speaking kingdom.
​

February:

Returning home from their expedition in the southern part of Mindanao, most specifically in the Bilik/Sarangani region, the Mongondow explorers led by Tumotoibokat Manopo presented before the the kingdom's chieftain Datu Komasan Manopo in the throne within the Kraton of the Mongondow capital Kotobangon the findings of their previous expedition and the interactions with the people living there, complete with a map to complement what they've discovered in the Bilik/Sarangani region, alongside a scrolled document. In addition, Tumotoibokat Manopo presented before the chieftain some of the products from the said region, including the famed T'nalak clothing made by the T'bolis, a group living in the Lake Sebu region who were distantly related to the B'laans, who were living in the eastern coasts, particularly in Bilik/Sarangani Bay (Luuk nan Sarangani) region. The Mongondow chieftain was overly impressed of the result of the expedition that he appointed Tumotoibokat to revisit the Bilik/Sarangani Bay region to establish contacts with the people there; and the explorer responded with an additional fleet to his existing crew, which he took for almost a month to recruit from the whole chiefdom.

A sample of t'nalak cloth
​

March:

As the health of the current Romblomanon monarch Datu Balanak Taubuhid had worsen ever since his visit to the coin making factory in the island of Malandik, the elders and chieftains of the principal towns and villages across the island-kingdom had gathered together in the Main Hall of the Kraton of Inodiongan to discuss the possibility that Datu Balanak would consider the possibility of abdication and passing the throne to his eldest son, the Crown Prince Datu Bulungabon Taubuhid, who at that time were personally attending his father in the latter's personal quarters within the Inner Court of the principal royal palace complex of the island-kingdom of Romblon. According to the courtiers who were present in the said chamber, Datu Balanak blamed himself for his current situation, telling his eldest son that he should took the advise of his principal councilors before his personal visit to Malandik; for his part, the current Romblomanon monarch has consoled by his eldest son Datu Bulungbanon, who told his father that every would be alright; meanwhile, their counterparts in the Main Hall of the Kraton of Inodiongan said that the members of the council had told by the court officials that the Crown Prince (Datu Bulungabon Taubuhid) had already knew that he would inherit the throne even before he was given permission by his father Datu Balanak.

​

April:

In the Kitanglad Confederation, the overlord Datu Kugita hu Bugabus asked some of the scribes and learned men from all eight tribes that formed the confederation to compile and collect some of the traditional laws of their own domains as he was planned to codify and unify such laws under a so-called common law that would apply to everyone in the whole confederation. The overlord clarified to the scribes and learned men that the existing laws of their own tribes would remain intact after the planned codification of the laws, explaining that the new common codified law would perfectly complement with its already existing tribal counterparts in most parts of the confederation. The planned compilation and codification of the existing tribal laws and its proposed unification was part of Datu Kugita's plan for Kitanglad: a cohesive and unified confederation of eight tribes sharing the same culture and language.

The emblem of Kitanglad Confederation
(recreation)​

May-June:

Despite the appointment of the Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga as a general in the Tondo-Namayan royal army, some sectors of the military class has responded negatively to such an appointment from the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya not because of his previous merits in the Kagsawanen army, but because of current status as the husband of the Crown Princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen, and the fact that Gat Tungaw was missing his previous military duties. As the Military Minister Gat Tumbaga nan Bulawandanum learned from his network of spies who collected information and activities within the military commanders for almost a month, a quarter of the military generals within the Tondo-Namayan army expressed the same negative impression of Gat Tungaw nan Hanringadlaw-Daraga; some of them would even criticized the monarch of giving the title of general to his son-in-law because of his condition as the husband of the heiress to the Tondo-Namayan throne; the spies eventually brought the names of the generals who expressed such opinions to a confidential scrolled document that was then given by the Military Minister to the monarch himself Gat Ama Perajaya in the latter's personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Tondo. Days later, the said generals received scrolled letters personally written by the monarch, saying that they should go to his personal quarters in the royal palace complex, and they did; in the said meeting, Gat Ama Perajaya severely criticized the actions of the generals mentioned in the document presented by his Military Minister Gat Tumbaga nan Bulawandanum to him weeks earlier, defending the credentials of his son-in-law as a capable military leader, cited his previous experience in the armed forces of his native Kagsawa and his knowledge in military tactics and organization. The meeting ended with an ultimatum given by Gat Ama Perajaya to the generals: Formally apologize to Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga or resign from Tondo-Namayan army. The result was varied: Some of the generals wrote personal scrolled letters to the husband of the heiress to the throne, others simply resigned from their posts in the military and believed to have gone north, perharps to both Bugkalot and Dumagat territories.
​

July-August:

The city-states of the Samtoy coast received another visit from the bureaucrat responsible for the affairs of vassal states like the Samtoy region; incidentally, the said bureaucrat, Tanka Kimawingan, was the younger brother of Tanka Cawatan, the current chief emissary of the semi-Sinicized kingdom of Middag/Beiwan in Tondo-Namayan. For the younger Tanka, a skilled diplomat and part of the inner circle of the Middag/Beiwan monarch Kamachat Walis, checking the loyalty of the Samtoy city-states to the kingdom was necessary, so Tanka Kimawingan and his team went to every city-state in the region for more or less than a month to meet with the local chieftains to give the latest developments in their relations with Middag/Beiwan, particularly when it comes to tribute. It wasn't ruled out in the said visits about the possibility that the Samtoy city-states would be engaging in trade with the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan.

Samtoy coast
​

September:

In his personal quarters within the Outer Court of the Kraton of Tondo, the Minister of Military Gat Tumbaga nan Bulawandanum was indeed confirmed by one of the spies that he hired that the half of the army generals who've been berated by the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya for their criticism of the latter's son-in-law Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga had already been gone to the Bugkalot city-states immediately after they presented their resignation from their service in the royal army. The spy had added that upon leaving their posts, the army generals leave their families in the northern frontier town of Gatus-na-Kapok before they passed the common border between Tondo-Namayan and the Bugkalot states, allegedly to offer services to the local chieftains there. After gathering information from his informant, Gat Tumbaga nan Bulawandanum talked to the Minister of Ceremonies Kaburaw Balaykatana to inform the latter about the latest information on the said army generals, recommending a scrolled letter of precaution to the Bugkalot chieftains about their previous military background and their true intention on offering their services to their respective courts, which was suspected to "seek revenge" on the current monarch.
​

October:

In the western Visayan kingdom of Buglas, delegates from all over the kingdom had gathered in the throne room in the Kraton of Binalbagan, the royal capital, to attend a special assembly presented by the monarch himself Datu Kalantiyaw sang Asugi. In the said assembly, Datu Kalantiyaw has reiterated that the newly-unified and codified common laws, which was called Laws of Kalantiyaw, would complement with the already existing laws that was currently enforced in every towns and villages across Buglas. The Buglasnon monarch has understood the fears of the chieftains about legislation, Datu Kalantiyaw has admitted; however, he insisted that the implementation of the Laws of Kalantiyaw would able the inhabitants of every town and village in the kingdom of Bugkalot to follow and uphold a series of laws that was commonly enforced in the island.
​

November-December:

The second Mongondow expedition led by Tumotoibokat Manopo to the southern coast of Mindanao, with an additional crew, had led to a series of encounters with the local chieftains of the Bilik/Sarangani region as he was assigned by the Mongondow chieftain Datu Komasan Manopo to formally establish links with the entities that was existed in the said region, thus he and his team was accompanied by a local (B'laan) interpreter, who was fluent in every variant or dialect of the Bilik/Sarangani language, explaining the objectives of the Mongondow explorers to every local chieftain in every domain that they've visited. In his scrolled document, in which he documented every journey of his expedition, Tumotoibokat Manopo has described the Bilik/Sarangani region as "spectacular" region, particularly Lake Sebu and the surrounding area. The long-lasting link between Bilik/Sarangani and Mongondow has already begun.​

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

903 CE
​

January-February:

In the embassy of the kingdom of Middag/Beiwan in the royal capital Tondo, its chief emissary Tanka Cawatan received a personal scrolled letter from the monarch himself Kamachat Walis, in which the latter told the veteran diplomat and bureaucrat that within a month he would be replaced by his younger brother Tanka Kimawingan as the elder Tanka was ultimately chosen as the chief minister of his own country after serving fore more than thirty years. Immediately, he informed the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya and chief minister Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw about the letter sent from the Middag/Beiwan royal court in the monarch's personal quarters in the Middle Court of the Kraton of Tondo. In effect, for exactly a month, the royal court of Tondo-Namayan was preparing for the departure of Tanka Cawatan as the chief emissary of the kingdom of Middag/Beiwan; between his departure and the arrival of Tanka Kimawingan as the new chief emissary of Middag in Tondo, a permanent employee of the Middag/Beiwan embassy would assume its function; incidentally, the said functionary was a former Middag/Beiwan bureaucrat who married a local woman and started a family in the capital.
​

March:

A week after the celebration of the New Year, the crew led by Tumotoibokat Manopo arrived in the throne room in the Kraton in the Mongondow capital Kotobangon to report before the sovereign of the chiefdom Datu Komasan Manopo about their second expedition to the southern part of Mindanao, most specifically in the Bilik/Sarangani region. Before the chieftain, Tumotoibokat Manopo presented two scrolled documents in which he forged formal trade relationships with the local chieftains, especially in the region's interior. The explorer explained to Mongondow chieftain that he used an interpreter, who hailed from the region surrounding Bilik/Sarangani Bay and speaking all the variants/dialects of the local language, to present the purpose of their visit to the chieftains in the whole region, especially in the interior. In addition, the Mongondow explorer and his crew presented before the chieftain another round of products from the Bilik/Sarangani region, including another batch of t'nalak clothing.
​

April:

The new chief emissary of the kingdom of Middag/Beiwan in Tondo-Namayan had arrived in the principal port city of Namayan through a ship sent directly from the Middag capital. Upon his arrival, Tanka Kimawingan was formally greeted by the chief minister of the kingdom (Pangulu) Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw and the Minister of Ceremonies Kaburaw Balaykatana. Upon their arrival in the throne room of the Kraton of Tondo, the younger Tanka presented his credentials before the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya as the new chief emissary of the Middag/Beiwan in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. The issues that the new Middag/Beiwah chief emissary should face include the desire of the Samtoy city-states to trade openly with the rest of the Luuk-speaking kingdom, particularly in the south. Meanwhile in the kingdom of Middag/Beiwan itself, Tanka Cawatan was formally proclaimed as the chief minister of the kingdom in a ceremony attended by the highest civilian and military officers in the semi-Sinicized Austronesian kingdom, as well as by the foreign envoys.
​

May:

Courtiers and court officials working within the Kraton of Inodiongan had confirmed that the eldest son of the current Romblomanon monarch Datu Balanak Taubuhid had formally taken over the duties and responsibilities traditionally reserved for his father. In a ceremony led by his younger brother Datu Bulungbanon Taubuhid, who now served as the chief minister of the island-kingdom, the current Crown Prince of Romblon Datu Balibakhaw Taubuhid had been formally proclaimed as the regent of the Romblomanon kingdom in the Main Hall within the Middle Court of the principal royal palace complex in the Four Islands. In the following weeks, the heir to the Romblomanon throne had formally assumed the duties that was traditionally assigned to his father Datu Balanak; more often than not, he was assisted by his younger brother Datu Bulungbanon in running the whole island-kingdom as a whole. Meanwhile, the latest developments on the current situation of the current Romblomanon monarch had reached every corner of the island-kingdom, in which it was rumored that Datu Balanak's health was said to be "on the verge of being considered safe and being seriously ill", citing his current illness, which was the result of his unpreparedness when he visited the coin-making factory in the island of Malindog several years ago.

Pakudos
The symbol of Romblon​

June-July:

In the Kitanglad Confederation, the overlord Datu Kugita hu Bugabus invited some of the best musicians, dancers, and poets to come and live in the town of Lantapan, which was considered as the capital of the confederation, to share their talents and collaborate with each other in order to create a "common" Kitanglad court culture. It wasn't so difficult for the Kitanglad overlord and his court to create such a task from the cultural traditions of all eight tribes of the confederation as their crafts, dances and literary traditions were almost identical as each other. For more or less than two months, some of the best dancers, musicians and poets went to Lantapan from every inch of the Kitanglad territory to live and work there, sharing their talents and skills before Datu Kugita, his family and the rest of the royal court. At the same time, some of the best cooks were also invited to live in the Kraton of Lantapan to share the cuisines of their own tribes, as well as creating new dishes that wouldn't just be palatable, but also a source of pride for the peoples of the confederation.
​

August:

In the royal palace of Middag/Beiwan, the new chief minister Tanka Cawatan told the monarch Kamachat Wallis in the latter's personal quarters about the situation in the Samtoy city-states. The Middag/Beiwan chief minister has suggested that the city-states should be allowed to trade freely with its other immediate neighbors, particularly in the south, in reference to the vassal states of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan or even the kingdom itself. In addition, Tanka Cawatan also said that the Samtoy city-states should be allowed to organize themselves in order to have a common voice in dealing with the royal court and other nation-states. For his part, the Middag/Beiwan monarch thought that the suggestions of Tanka Cawatan would be recommended to the rest of the bureaucracy, especially in its Council of State, although he reminded his chief minister to inform his younger brother Tanka Kimawingan, who currently served as the chief emissary of the kingdom of Middag in the Kraton of Tondo, the capital of the Luuk-speaking kingdom in the south, with a reason: Before he accepted the position of chief emissary, the younger Tanka spent his a significant time of his service in the Middag/Beiwan bureaucracy looking after the affairs in the Samtoy city-states.
​

September:

The process of paper making from the southeastern Chinese prefecture of Kang-lâm-tang/Kangnamtung (江南東) has arrived in the Samtoy region as the local chieftain wanted to use almost exclusively the abaca fiber for clothing and other types of handicrafts, although the still used the abaca fiber as a writing material, particularly when corresponding with their neighboring states and societies . Actually, the paper makers from Middag who taught the Samtoy people on the process of making paper. It was said that the chieftains of the Samtoy city-states had intentionally kept the process of paper making a top secret from its neighbors, especially its larger neighbor Tondo-Namayan, for many years; it was believed that paper was essential in the historical development of the Samtoy people.

Ancient Chinese paper making
​

October-November:

The increasingly frail appearance of the the current chief minister (Pangulu) Gat Tiruvanam Balaydanaw raised again the question of his possible succession as the principal civilian official of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; according to the rumors within the Kraton of Tondo, among those who were preferred to succeed Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw as Pangulu were the Minister of Military Gat Tumbaga nan Bulawandanum and the Minister of Ceremonies Kaburaw Balaykatana, both of whom acknowledged their inclusion in the possible successor, but they honestly denied that they were among the personalities who were contemplated by the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya to succeed Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw, who was now retired from his service in the bureaucracy, as the chief minister of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; the period between the former Pangulu's retirement and return to his hometown of Atipulu and the selection of his successor was almost a month. In the end, everyone in the kingdom was suddenly surprised when the Haringadlaw sovereign had chosen the bureaucrat from Kawit named Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawanan, who previously served as the Minister of the Right, as the new chief minister (Pangulu) of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. Right after the said announcement, a special ceremony was held in the throne room within the Kraton of Tondo to confirm the appointment of Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan as the new Pangulu of the kingdom; in fact, the Punung Kiyai Gat Apubanui nan Haringadlaw anointed the new chief minister to symbolize the necessity of divine guidance in future decisions that would affect the country.
​

December:

In the kingdom of Nusang Ede, the Crown Prince Hanuman sin Baybay-Ede formally substituted his father as regent of the kingdom as the health of the monarch Datu Tirukalkin III was increasingly weakening since he became sick more or less seven months ago. The regent, who was the eldest son of the elderly monarch, was already prepared for his future duties and responsibilites when he substituted his father; among of his concerns were the reinforcement of the maritime defense around the islands of Pakihan, in which he believed it needed a permanent supply, possibly from the islands itself, and the plan of resettling the inhabitants of eastern part of the kingdom of Butuan when a hypothetical revolt of the Manobos had happened in the future; it was commonly believed in both Nusang Ede and in the Surigaw region that the Manobos of the interior were discontent with their current status in the kingdom of Butuan despite the advancement of their society in general, and the fact that there were hidden animosity among Butuanens, Manobos and Surigawnens was the main reason why such plan was currently preparing by both sides. After all, the people of Nusang Ede and Surigaw shared almost the same culture and language. ​

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

904 CE
​

January:

In the embassy of the kingdom of Middag/Beiwan in the royal capital Tondo, the chief emissary Tanka Kimawingan received a scrolled letter from his elder brother, the chief minister of his home country Tanka Cawatan, in relation to the affairs of the Samtoy city-states. In the said letter, the elder Tanka said that his recommendations on the political future of the Samtoy city-states was approved by the Middag/Beiwan monarch Kamachat Wallis, in which include their right to trade freely with their immediate neighbors, particularly with the territories of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan and the right to organize themselves a single unified entity. The scrolled letter ended by a recommendation by the Middag chief minister Tanka Cawatan: talk with both the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya and his counterpart in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, currently held by Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawanan. Days after the younger Tanka received the scrolled letter from his elder brother, he went to the Kraton of Tondo, where he formally introduced himself not just to the Haringadlaw sovereign, but also to the new chief minister Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan; in the personal quarters of the monarch in the royal palace complex, they talked about the affairs of the Samtoy city-states. The said meetings lasted for more than a week.
​

February-March:

In the Etenon capital Baybay, the elderly monarch Datu Tirukalkin III died in his sleep from his illness and old age. He was about to reach his sixty-nine on his death; automatically, his eldest son Crown Prince Hanuman sin Baybay-Ede, who already substituted his father as regent, succeeded the throne of the kingdom of Nusang Ete. The proclamation of the death of Datu Tirukalkin III and the succession of the new monarch Datu Hanuman reached every corner of the kingdom, where the people went to the shrines and temples to pray not just for the soul of their deceased monarch, but also for the success and divine guidance for his son, the new monarch of the kingdom of Nusang Ete. Weeks after the internment of the deceased Datu Tirukalkin III in the mausoleum of the Etenon monarchs near Baybay, the coronation ceremony was held in the Main Hill within the Kraton of the Etenon royal capital's Middle Court. Alongside the highest civilian and military officials of the kingdom, the said ceremony was attended by the priestly class, merchants and foreign dignitaries. In the rest of the kingdom, celebrations were held in every town and village, accompanied with prayers and offerings to the local gods in shrines and temples across the island-kingdom.

The island-kingdom of Baybay[1]​

April:

Within the Outer Court of the Kraton of Tondo, the Minister of Military Gat Tumbaga nan Bulawandanum had informed the chief minister (Pangulu) Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawanan in the latter's personal quarters that the naval base in the island of Butot was nearing its completion. The Minister of the Military presented before the chief minister the scrolled documents written by Admiral (Laksaman) Gat Tirubalalang nan Ubu-ubu, in which it chronicled how the base was constructed from the start. After reading the said documents, the chief minister and the Ministry of Military went to the personal quarters of the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya in the Middle Court of the royal palace complex to formally present the scrolled documents to the Haringadlaw sovereign. Days later, the Minister of the Military Gat Tumbaga nan Bulawandanum received a visit from one of the spies that he hired in relation to the former generals of the Tondo-Namayan army who went to the Bugkalot city-states for the service of the local chieftains there, and there he revealed a shocking revelation: All of the general were having affairs with local women, most of whom believed to be prostitutes (pampam in Luuk language) and starting to have families with them.
​

May-June:

The introduction of paper making and the immediate use of the finished product in writing documents, personal letters and literary pieces within the Samtoy region had a profound effect on the economy, culture and geopolitics of the region and its people; the fact that the Samtoy city-states had been "emancipated" formally by the kingdom of Middag/Beiwan in the north after an edict written by its chief minister Tanka Cawatan allowing them to trade with their neighbors and to make a strategic alliance with each other had pushed the Samtoy city-states to transform themselves from a patchwork of fiercely independent domains sharing a relatively limited area into a region where the local chieftains was seriously contemplating of confederating their city-states into an alliance that could represent and defend their common interests, a fact that was eventually realized in an assembly held in the town of Bigan, then considered as the center of Samtoy nation.
​

July:

In his personal quarters within the Middle Court of Kraton of Taal, the current monarch of the southwestern vassal state of Kumintang Lakan Halimaw ng Tumbaga received a scrolled letter from his Sisuan counterpart Apu Singsing nin Arayat in relation to the latter's plan of sending mulberry seedlings to the principal temples of the southwestern vassal state of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, particularly in the temple complexes of Banahaw, Makiling and Makulot; altogether, they were considered as the holy mountains of the Kumintang people. In the said scrolled letter, which was written in both Old Malay and Luuk languages, the Sisuan monarch had revealed before his Kumintang counterpart that Apu Singsing himself received a scrolled letter from the current monarch of Tondo-Namayan Gat Ama Perajaya had given him permission to transport the seedlings to Kumintang through passing to the Luuk-speaking heartland of the kingdom; in addition, the current Sisuan monarch had also said in his scrolled letter to Lakan Halimaw ng Tumbaga that the current Haringadlaw sovereign was personally interested in having a mulberry garden in the principal temples of the Luuk-speaking heartland of the kingdom, particularly the temple complex of Bulud Talim and Liangan.
​

Mulberry seedling

​

August:

More or less than three months after the Minister of Military Gat Tumbaga nan Bulawandanum was informed about the latest developments on the former army generals who went to Bugkalot city-states after their resignation due to their criticism of the royal son-in-law Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga, the minister has received a visit from the Minister of Ceremonies Gat Kaburaw Balaykatana in the former's quarters within the Outer Court of the Kraton of Tondo, in which the latter had informed that the former generals were forced to go back to the northern town of Gatus-na-Kapok after the Bugkalot chieftains had immediately refused to accept their services after they learned that they already have families in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. The Minister of Ceremonies continued retelling the events that he gathered from the scrolled letters written by the local officials in the town of Gatus-na-Kapok, in which include the events that led to the divorce of the former military generals from their spouses on grounds of infidelity; it was revealed by Gat Kaburaw Balaykatana that such petition was personally suggested by the chief minister (Pangulu) Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan and formally executed by the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya.
​

September-October:

In the Kraton of the Palaw'anen capital Taytay, the monarch Tungkuyanin has learned from a courtier in his personal quarters within the royal palace's Inner Court that his wife Dayang Mayari was already been pregnant after five years of their marriage; the effect on the Palaw'anen monarch was tremendous: immediately, he prayed and offered food to the gods of the Palawan'en pantheon in the family shrine within the Inner Court of the Kraton of Taytay. From that moment, the monarch's regular activities were slightly modified to attend to the need of his now-pregnant spouse, who has been advised to curtail completely from participating in the royal duties and responsibilities as the royal palace medics believed that Dayang Mayari's pregnancy was very "sensitive". As the news of the pregnancy of their queen reached every corner of the island-kingdom, the people living in its towns and villages responded quickly to the said news with a bit of precaution: While they celebrate the pregnancy of Dayang Mayari, they were praying for her safe childbirth in the future in the shrines and temples across the island-kingdom.
​

November-December:

The chief minister (Pangulu) of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan received a confirmed information from one of the spies hired by the Minister of the Military Gat Tumbaga nan Bulawandanum in relation to the former army generals who went to Bugkalot city-states after their resignation due to their criticism of the royal son-in-law Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga, in which the latter confirmed the speculation that the former generals had returned to the Bugkalot city-states after their divorce from their spouses in the northern town of Gatus-na-Kapok, in which the spy had described the women's reactions upon learning that their husbands not just having affairs with Bugkalot women, some of whom were believed to be of dubious reputation, but also raised families with them, were "a mix of shock, betrayal and anger". Immediately, the chief minister summoned both Minister of the Military Gat Tumbaga nan Bulawandanum and Minister of Ceremonies Gat Kaburaw Balaykatana to confirm what the former's spy has been saying; both ministers had affirmed the narrative of the spy. As weeks has passed, the chief minister had further learned that the Bugkalot chieftains had restarted to hire the former generals for their services, and some of them had a plan to avenge their resignation by waging a war against the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan.

​

NOTE:
[1] OTL provinces of Leyte, Southern Leyte and Biliran, where Utudnon is the principal language of its inhabitants.

​

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

905 CE
​

January:

In his personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Tondo, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya has formally received the delegates of the Bugkalot city-states as they talked about the former Tondo-Namayan army generals who already received services from the local chieftains after their resignation from the military service. Accompanied by the ministers Gat Kaburaw Balaykatana (State) and Gat Tumbaga nan Bulawandanum (Military), the Haringadlaw monarch explained to the delegates that he received reports that some of the former generals wanted to wage a war against the Luuk-speaking kingdom for what had happened to them ever since they were forced to resign from the kingdom's military for criticizing the royal son-in-law Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga without apologizing. One of the Bugkalot delegates formally responded that some local chieftains had already rebuffed such suggestion, reminding them that the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan was their most important trading partner, and it would be impossible to do such act because for them, declaring war just for revenge was a shameful act or cowardliness.
​

February-March:

It was formally announced to the whole kingdom of Tondo-Namayan from the Kraton of its capital Tondo that the former chief minister (Pangulu) Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw had died due to his old age, in which include its already failing state of health upon his definitive retirement from the government service; when Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw died, he was sixty-one years of age. In both provinces of the Luuk-speaking heartland and the vassal states, the people reacted to such announcement by paying homage to the former chief minister by laying flowers and offering prayers in shrines and temples in towns and villages across the kingdom. To respect to the legacy and memory of the former chief minister Gat Tiruravanam Balaydanaw, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya had temporarily postponed the New Year festivities, replacing it with a more solemn celebration; after all, the mourning period had extended for another month (or actually another year, according to the Hindu-Buddhist calendar used in the pre-Hispanic Philippines). In the Kraton of Tondo, all regular activities was curtailed as decreed by the current chief minister Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan. The funeral ceremony, which was held in the Balaydanaw palace complex in the town of Atipulu, was presided by the chief priest (Punung Kiyai) Gat Apubanui nan Haringadlaw.
​

April:

A month after the mourning period has ended, regular activities in the two main kratons (Tondo and Atipulu) had resumed. One such activities was the visit of a delegation from the Samtoy city-states to the throne room of the Kraton of Tondo, where they were formally received by the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya and the chief minister (Pangulu) of the kingdom Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan. In the said encounter, the Samtoy delegates expressed their intention behind their visit in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan: to establish formal trade and diplomatic link between the two geopolitical entities. For his part, the Haringadlaw sovereign accepted the intention of the Samtoy delegation and proceed to the former's private quarters within the royal palace complex. The Samtoy delegation remained in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan for another week.
​

May:

In the western Visayan kingdom of Hantik, the chief minister of the kingdom Datu Humadapnon sang Palimbukid had formally proclaimed that the monarch Queen Maniwantiwan was already three months pregnant and has been advised to temporarily curtail from her daily activities as ruler for a few more months; this time, the royal medics had advised the Hantikan monarch that she should continue her rest period for a few months. Thus, as the Hantikan chief minister continued, Penmurugan Kuaybulud would once again assume the royal duties and responsibilities that his wife has temporarily abandoned. This pregnancy of Queen Maniwantiwan occurred after seven years, when he gave birth to the royal twins Marikudo, now the heir to the Hantikan throne, and Manduyog.​

​

June:

In the Kraton of Palaw-anen capital Taytay, a courtier has formally announced that the queen consort of the kingdom Dayang Mayari had gave birth to an infant male; the newly-born heir to the throne was named Kaladi, after the legendary founder of the kingdom of Taytay. In relation to such an important event, the Palaw'anen monarch Tungkuyanin has personally decreed that all activities within the royal palace complex would be curtailed in order to allow the courtiers and ministers to share the celebration with the rest of the Palaw'anen royal family. As the proclamation has spread to the rest of the island-kingdom, the people in different towns and villages had celebrated the birth of the heir to the throne by praying and offering gifts to the gods of the Palaw-anen pantheon in the temples and shrines across the kingdom.
​

July:

As promised by the current monarch of Nusang Sisuan Apu Singsing nin Arayat, numerous mulberry seedling had arrived in the temple complexes of Banahaw, Makiling and Makulot in the kingdom of Kumintang, as confirmed by the priests living and working in the three of the holiest sites in the southwestern vassal state of Tondo-Namayan to the current Kumintang monarch Lakan Halimaw ng Tumbaga back in the latter's personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Taal. In fact, the priests of the three principal temple complexes had indicated that a couple of mulberry seedlings would be sent by Apu Singsing nin Arayat to his Kumintang counterpart through the former's courtiers, which was confirmed when they presented themselves before Lakan Halimaw ng Tumbaga and the rest of Kumintang royal court in the throne room of the Kraton of Taal, most probably as a personal gift from Bakulud. That was the very last gift had ever received by Lakan Halimaw ng Tumbaga before he succumbed to his illness brought by his very advanced age.

Mulberry fruit
​

August:

In the monarch's personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Tondo, the Minister of Military Gat Tumbaga nan Bulawandanum has suggested to Gat Ama Perajaya that in order to avoid further criticisms of the monarch's son-in-law Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga, the latter should be leading a battalion of his own within the Tondo-Namayan royal army. The Minister of the Military has explained that he had been heard the arguments of the leading army generals in their previous meetings that they need to see how Gat Tungaw performed within their ranks, and not only be contended on being the husband of the heiress to the throne Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen living in the four corners of the Kraton of Atipulu. Days later, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya has personally invited his son-of-law to his personal quarters to talk about such possibility; accompanied not just by the Minister of the Military, but also by the chief minister (Pangulu) of the kingdom Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan, who had been immediately informed of the earlier meeting in the monarch's personal quarters. There, it was revealed that the royal son-in-law personally wanted to command a battalion for a long time ever since he was designated general by his father-in-law; he was at first hesitant to personally suggest it to the monarch because he feared that it would led into accusations of favoritism among the senior military ranks, especially for his condition as the husband of the Crown Princess. After a series of meetings that lasted for almost a fortnight, in which it include a personal consultation with Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen on the said affair, Gat Tungaw had finally gain a battalion of his own: it was located in the coastal town of Lampon[1], near the island of Pulilu.
​

September:

It was suggested within the Kraton of Tondo that the official name of the royal son-in-law should be changed slightly by omitting the named "Daraga" from his clan name. According to such suggestion, the official name of the royal son-in-law would hence be known as "Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw", in reference to his common ancestry with his wife, the Crown Princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen. In response to such suggestion, it was reported that the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya has vehemently opposed such change, and for a good reason: the monarch had insisted that the clan name "Haringadlaw-Daraga" was as important as the direct line as he believed that omitting "Daraga" from the personal name of his son-in-law would indicate that the marriage between his daughter and Gat Tungaw was incestuous and could endanger the clan's prestige not just within the Tondo-Namayan society, but also its relationship with other nation-states within and outside the archipelago; in short, it could severely endanger the prestige and influence of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan on its immediate neighbors.
​

October:

Herds of domesticated sika deer from southwestern part of the kingdom of Middag/Beiwan was imported to the coast of the island-kingdom of Palaw'an in order to improve the quality of the native domesticated deer raised in the farms of the island-kingdom, and for a very good reason: The domesticated sika deer was famed for its hides, which was used by for clothing, as well as its meat, which has been the staple of the Siraya people, the predominant ethnic group of the southwestern Middag/Beiwan: In fact, it was the Siraya traders who formally introduced such herds to the island-kingdom, under the personal supervision of the monarch of the country Tungkuyanin. In addition, it was said within the Kraton of the Palaw'anen capital Taytay that Tungkuyanin would give a pair of fawns to his father-in-law Gat Ama Perajaya of Tondo-Namayan as a personal gift.

Beiwan sika deer​

November:

In the western Visyan kingdom of Hantik, the chief minister of the kingdom Datu Humadapnon sang Palimbukid announced from the Kraton of the capital Malandog that the monarch Queen Maniwantiwan has given birth to a infant girl in her personal quarters within the royal palace complex of the Hantikan capital; the infant was named Lalahon, after the goddess of harvests. Because of the queen's current condition, her husband Penmurugan Kuaybulud continued to assume the duties and responsibilities of governing the kingdom, albeit in a reduced way as he also participated in caring for his wife and their newly-born daughter; he was somehow assisted by the chief minister of the kingdom Datu Humadapnon sang Palimbukid on managing the internal and external affairs of the country. Elsewhere in the kingdom of Hantik, the people responded to the proclamation that their beloved monarch had given birth to a daughter by celebrating in every town and village across the country, which was complemented with the offerings and prayers to the gods of the Hantikan pantheon in the shrines and temples across the country, where the people prayed for the safety of the monarch and her daughter.
​

December:

In his personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Istana of Mangarin, the current Kalamianen confederate leader Apu Bakoko ta Bukid-dapogan had formally confirmed through a series of personal scrolled letters sent to the current chieftains throughout the island-region that he would renounce his current position as the principal leader of the whole Kalamianen after twenty-four years; subsequently "and definitely", as the scrolled letters continued, the current Kalamianen confederate leader would never return to his hometown of Dongon[1], where he used to be the chieftain before he was selected to be the very first assembly of Kalamianen chieftains in Mangarin that resulted in the formation of the Kalamian/Mangarin Confederation; in summary, Apu Bakokok ta Bukid-dapogan would eventually retire from the public life to spent the rest of his life back in Dongon. In fact, he indicated in his personal scrolled letters that the general assembly of the Kalamianen chieftains would be held in the Main Hall of the Istana of Mangarin right after the New Year festivities.

​

NOTES:
[1] OTL: Infanta, Quezon
[2] OTL Sablayan, Occidental Mindoro

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

906 CE
​

January:

The Palaw-anen monarch Tungkuyanin had personally thought of sending herds of deer to his father-in-law, the Tondo-Namayan monarch Gat Ama Perajaya, as a personal gift of gratitude. In the Inner Court of the Kraton of Taytay, the monarch had consulted his wife Dayang Mayari nan Haringadlaw, who was the younger daughter of the Tondo-Namayan monarch, about the said suggestion. The Palawan'en consort responded that giving her father such a gift like a herd of deer would need an ample time and a sufficient land in her homeland for raising such an animal like the domesticated deer. As of that moment, the island-kingdom of Palaw-an has became well known for raising a new breed of domesticated deer, which was the result of the inbreeding between the native domesticated deer and the sika deer from the southwestern part of the northern kingdom of Middag/Beiwan.
​

February:

A week after the New Year celebrations that held across the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, official business had formally resumed in the Kraton of the royal capital Tondo, particularly in the Outer Court of the palace complex; the chief minister of the kingdom (Pangulu) Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan had discussed with the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya about the possibility that the recently-formed Samtoy Confederation would sent an embassy to the kingdom. Accompanied by the Ministry of State Gat Kaburaw Balaykatana, the chief minister presented before the Haringadlaw monarch the scrolled letter from the principal leaders of the Samtoy Confederation, which was written in Luuk language, about their intention of establishing a diplomatic mission to the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. The Tondo-Namayan monarch responded that he was open to the possibility that the Samtoy city-states would have a legal representation in the capital Namayan, especially because of the fact that the said confederacy needed sufficient legitimate to be politically recognized by its neighbors, and he believed that establishing a Samtoy embassy in Tondo would led to other geopolitical entities across the archipelago (Sangkapuluan) to recognize the said confederation and establish diplomatic missions in the town of Bigan, which was considered as the political and cultural center of the Samtoy people.
​

March:

After the festivities in relation to the celebration of the New Year, the chieftains from every corner of the Kalamian region had gathered together in the Main Hall of the Istana of the Kalamianen capital Mangarin to find a successor to the recently-retired Apu Bakoko ta Bukid-dapogan as the principal leader of the Mangarin Confederation, more well-known as the Kalamian Confederation. For almost a week, the chieftains and clan leaders from across the region had discussed the principal issues that had been the common concern of the Kalamianen region in general and its importance on the agenda of the next confederate leader of the whole region; by the time the assembly was gathered in Mangarin, the principal issues that was tackled was the eventual unification of the whole island-region, politically and economically, as well as maintaining balance in the confederation's diplomatic relationships with its neighbors Tondo-Namayan and Palaw-an. After the discussion, the chieftains had written their choice in a scrolled document in a room next to the Main Hall to protect the secrecy of the vote; after that, the priests and some court officials would tally the vote and eventually proclaim the new confederate leader; if not, another round of voting would held the following day. Almost six days, it was formally announced that Apu Agipo ta Adalmanabel, the current chieftain of the northeastern town of Mambulaw, as the new leader of the Kalamianen Confederation. In consequence, Apu Agipo's eldest son Apu Dalandepa succeed the former in the position of chieftain in Mambulaw.

Head of tamaraw/buffalo
Symbol of the Kalamianen Confederation​

April:

In the vassal state of Kumintang, a courtier from the Kraton of Taal had formally announced that the vassal state's monarch Lakan Halimaw ng Tumbaga died in his personal quarters in the Inner Court of the Taal royal palace complex from complications in relation to his old age; he was sixty-one when he died. Four months before his death, Lakan Halimaw has already gave the responsibility of governing the daily affairs of the kingdom to his eldest son Lakan Makisig, who began a series of reforms to the government of the vassal states, in which include the transformation of its own Council of State into a permanent part of the royal court and the appointment of the chief minister of Kumintang from the members of its own bureaucracy; Lakan Makisig was also known for allowing the members of the Council of State to interact with their counterparts in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. In respect to the memory of the recently-deceased monarch, it was proclaimed that all official activities would be suspended for a fortnight as the royal court was preparing for the funeral ceremony for Lakan Halimaw; in the said ceremony, the Crown Princess of Tondo-Namayan Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen represented her father Gat Ama Perajaya and expressed her condolences to Lakan Makisig and his family. Elsewhere in every corner of Kumintang, the people had prayed and offered food for the soul of the recently-deceased monarch in the shrines and temples across the vassal state. Days after the interment of the previous monarch, Lakan Makisig
​

May:

In his personal quarters within the Kraton of Tondo, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya received a scrolled letter from his youngest daughter Dayang Mayari, who told her father that his son-in-law, the Palaw-anen monarch Tungkuyanin would like to sent a herd of domesticated deer to the kingdom as a personal gift. The current queen consort of the island-kingdom explained that her husband was insisted on sending such livestock as gifts because the Kuaybulud sovereign has insisted that raising herds of domesticated deer should be spread beyond his island-kingdom. In response, Gat Ama Perajaya wrote that while he thought that such suggestion was interesting, the monarch said in his scrolled letter of response that the current cultivated area of the whole kingdom in general, both the heartland and the vassal states, would have limited space on raising domesticated deer; instead, Gat Ama Perajaya had suggested that the potential deer farms should be established in the lands of Mangarin Confederation as he believed that there were more available land to be set aside for such livestock in the said island. Raising domesticated hybrid deer has become an established occupation in the island-kingdom, where the people who raised them often complemented it with other agricultural commodities like rice, fruits and vegetables; it was said that the Palaw-an monarch was "more than adamant" on spreading such livelihood to its neighbors, particularly in the north.​

​

June:

In the throne room of the Kraton of the Kumintang capital Taal, Lakan Makisig ng Tumbaga was formally enthroned as the new monarch of the vassal state in a solemn ceremony that was attended by not just the highest civilian and military leaders of the kingdom, but also by foreign delegates; representing the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan was the Crown Princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen. The said ceremony was described in the historical chronicles of the kingdom of Kumintang as "the most stately enthronement ceremony that was celebrated in the history of the land of Kumintang." As the proclamation that the new monarch of Kumintang was formally enthroned spread to every corner of the vassal state, the people had reacted by celebrating the said event in every town and village across Kumintang, complementing it with offering prayers and goods to the local gods in temples and shrines across the vassal state.
​

July:

A delegation from the Samtoy Confederation had arrived in the throne room within the Kraton of Tondo, where they were formally received by the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya and the chief minister of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan. The Samtoy delegation was leaded by Apo Lam-ang ti Balay-agama, a scion of the ruling clan of the city-state of Piddig, who personally presented his credentials to the Haringadlaw sovereign as the latter formally recognized the presence of the Samtoy diplomatic mission in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, and for a good reason: For the principal leaders of the Samtoy Confederation, the Luuk-speaking kingdom could be a stepping stone for the recognition of their alliance in the rest of the archipelago, or at least in the region surrounding their territory. In fact, before they presented themselves in the Kraton of Tondo, Apo Lam-ang ti Balay-agama and the rest of the diplomatic mission had visited the embassy of the kingdom of Middag in the capital Tondo, where they paid a visit to the chief emissary of the semi-Sinified Austronesian kingdom Tanka Kimawingan and they told the latter that the Samtoy Confederation would start its so-called "diplomatic journey" for its recognition in the rest of the region.
​

August-September:

In the Kraton of the Mongondow capital Kotobangon, the chieftain Datu Komasan Manopo had assigned a group of bureaucrats and courtiers to come with the explorer Tumotoibokat Manopo to the southern part of the island of Mindanao, particularly in the Bilik/Sarangani region, in order to study its geography, , people and their culture. The explorer, who already been there in two previous expeditions to the Sarangani/Bilik region, has assured the group of bureaucrats and courtiers headed by Datu Tirukalkin Ginolantungan that their journey would be fine as the former had already erstablished contacts with the local people in Bilik/Sarangani, who could serve as interpreters for the important visitors from the kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow. Upon their arrival in the region, the bureaucrats and courtiers began their task of collecting some information on the geography and the people of region with the help of Tumotoibokat Manopo and his team of local interpreters; upon reaching the Lake Sebu region, the visitors from Bolaang Mongondow was stunned to see such beauty, admiring the pristine waters of the lake and the beauty of the land surrounding it.

Lake Sebu
​

October:

In the Kraton of the Etenon royal capital Baybay, the monarch King Hanuman has finally received a copy of scrolled document from the kingdom of Butuan, where it described the proposed evacuation of the whole population of the eastern part of the neighboring kingdom once the feared revolt of the Manobos has actually realized. According to the said document, which was written by his Butuanon counterpart Datu Bantuan, most of the Surigawnen people would relocate to either the southernmost part of the kingdom or the island of Biliran, as it depended on the consequences resulting from the hypothetical revolt in the Butuanen interior; the scrolled document also indicated that the planned farms and communities would be constructed before the hypothetical war and the evacuation of the Surigawnen people. In the end, the document had concluded with the a precaution: Keep the details of such plan secret until the right time.
​

November-December:

In his personal quarters in the Kraton of Tondo, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya had written a personal scrolled letter to the principal leaders of the Mangarin Confederation in relation to the available lands in their territory that could set aside for raising domesticated deer from the neighboring island-kingdom of Palaw-an. In the said letter, the Haringadlaw monarch has explained that the domesticated deer were supposedly gifts from his son-in-law, the Palaw-anen monarch Tungkuyanin, as a debt of gratitude. A few weeks later, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya had received a scrolled letter of response from the Mangarin leaders, saying that there was an available land for raising domesticated deer: It was located in near the center of the island. Immediately, the Haringadlaw sovereign had informed the Palaw'anen monarch Tungkuyanin about the response of the principal Mangarin leaders.​

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

907 CE
​

January:

Accompanied by the explorer Tumotoibokat Manopo, the bureaucrats and courtiers led by Datu Tirukalkin Ginolantungan had returned to the kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow, where they personally presented the results of their journey throughout the region of Bilik/Sarangani to the chieftain Datu Komasan Manopo in the throne room within the Kraton of the Mongondow capital Kotobangan. Upon presenting the scrolled documents before the chieftain, Datu Tirukalkin Ginolantungan had narrated their journey, where the expedition team had encountered the beautiful landscapes of the Bilik/Sarangani region, the relative warmth of the people living there and the richness of their culture. The senior courtier and the leader of the expedition had personally thanked Tumotoibokat Manopo for guiding them and making their communication with the local leaders more understandable through interpreters who were actually personal friends of the explorer.
​

February:

In the Kraton of Tondo, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya received a scrolled letter from his son-in-law the Palaw-anen monarch Tungkuyanin in relation to the latter's personal gift, which was the herds of domesticated deer. In the said letter, the Palaw'anen monarch had alrerady accepted the suggestion made by his father-in-law that the herds of domesticated deer would be raised in the central region of the island of Kalamian, complete with personalized permission from the current confederate leader of the island-region Apu Agipo ta Adalmanabel; in fact, as indicated in the scrolled letter, Tungkuyanin said that he personally invited a group of people from Kalamian to be trained in the deer farms in the central part of the island-kingdom; in fact, the Palaw'anen monarch continued in his scrolled letter that he assured the said group from the island of Kalamian that raising domesticated deer would actually complement with other agricultural activities such as rice farming and goat raising.

A herd of domesticated deer​

March-April:

In the throne room of the Sibugaynen capital of Dipolog, Gat Tabunaway nog Guayan and Dayang Belembang nog Mipangi had learned from the chief emissary of the northern kingdom of Tondo-Namayan Gat Dumakulem nan Bakawandanaw about the system of government that exists in the Luuk-speaking kingdom; Gat Dumakulem had indeed thoroughly explained before the joint monarchs of Sibugay about the bureaucracy system that exists in his homeland, as well as the Council of State that assisted the monarch in governing the daily affairs of the kingdom, which was headed by the chief minister of the kingdom (Pangulu). It wasn't a secret for both Gat Tabunaway nog Guayan and Dayang Belembang nog Mipangi to adapt such form of government to Sibugay as they already knew that governing the country alone could lead to a series of complex problems, so they assigned a group of bureaucrats selected, of course with the help of the chief emissary of Tondo-Namayan, to be sent to the Kraton of Tondo, the capital of the northern kingdom of the same name, in order to study and learn how the government of the Luuk-speaking kingdom functions everyday; while the plurality of the selected few came from both Dipolog and Sembuangan, others were actually came from the rest of the kingdom of Sibugay, thus the delegation was actually reflecting every corner of the peninsula.
​

May:

In his personal quarters in the Kraton of the Kumintang capital Taal, Lakan Makisig ng Tumbaga wrote a scrolled letter to his counterpart Gat Ama Perajaya, suggesting that the respective councils of state of both Kumintang and Tondo-Namayan should cooperate in some aspects, particularly collecting taxes and internal defense, in order to create efficiency in the relationship between the vassal state and kingdom itself. The young Kumintang monarch has explained that cooperation between the two bodies would improve communication between the two entities by sharing information about tax collection and the tribute a vassal state like Kumintang should gave to Tondo-Namayan; in effect, Lakan Makisig had continued, corruption could be prevented by such measures. Additionally, the Kumintang monarch also said in his scrolled letter that he believed that other vassal states (e.g. Nusang Sambal and Sisuan) could also adapt his suggestions on sharing responsibilities of both the overlord and vassal states. The said scrolled letter was written amid speculation in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan as a whole that Masbati, Kagsawa and Isarog would become vassal states in the future, especially in the time when Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen succeeded her father in the throne.​

June-July:

The chief minister (Pangulu) of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan has received the scrolled letter written by the Kumintang monarch Lakan Makisig ng Tumbaga almost a month earlier. Upon reading the said document, the chief minister immediately went to the personal quarters of the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Tondo to present the scrolled letter and read its content. Upon reading the scrolled letter written and sent by the Kumintang monarch, the Haringadlaw sovereign said to his chief minister that he was seriously considered the proposals and suggestion written by Lakan Makisig ng Tumbaga. For the next few weeks, the monarch and the chief minister, now accompanied by the Minister of Ceremonies Gat Kaburaw Balaykatana, has discussed and analyzed the relationship between the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan and the vassal states like Kumintang, particularly in some aspects of governing that they always share. Meanwhile in the Kumintang capital, Lakan Makisig received a scrolled letter personally written by his Tondo-Namayan counterpart, saying that the suggestions the Kumintang monarch presented in his scrolled letter was considered seriously as Gat Ama Perajaya personally told his vassal that he was currently talking with some of the members of his Council of State to study and implement such suggestions, if necessary.
​

August:

In the Rade Confederacy, an emergency assembly was called in the confederate capital Irong-irong as the health of the paramount leader Gat Sumakwel nan Gatusbalay was rapidly deteriorating. The assembly of local chieftains was conducted in the temple complex of Irong-irong, which was presided by its chief priest (Punung Kiyai) Gat Hadapnen nan Balangayan; the complex that served as the Kraton of the paramount leader of the Confederation was forbidden for such assembly as a sign of respect for Gat Sumakwel nan Gatusbalay; the principal topic of the assembly was the election of the possible successor to Gat Sumakwel as the principal confederate leader of the Ede-Jarai territory once the former chieftain of Pototan passed away from his illness; back in his hometown, he was already replaced by his eldest son Gat Tiruhangin anak Sumakwel nan Gatusbalay as the chieftain of Pototan. A week after the assembly started to discuss the succession, Gat Sumakwel anak Tirubatu nan Gatusbalay had died from complications brought by his long-time illness; he was sixty-four year of age when Gat Sumakwel passed away in the town of Irong-irong. As such news has reached every Ede-Jarai city-state, the people reacted by going to the shrines and temples across the territory to offer prayers and homages to their recently-deceased paramount leader, as well as for the success of the assembly in Irong-irong. A week after the suspension of the assembly after the death of Gat Sumakwel nan Gatusbalay, the local chieftains resumed their talks about the succession to the leader of the confederacy; after a series of sessions, the local chieftains had selected the chief of the northern frontier town of Ansig[1], Gat Umawang nan Balaybinukot, as the new paramount leader of the Rade Confederation.
​

September-October:

Rumors circulated not just within the Kraton of the Mongondow capital Kotobangon, but also in the rest of the Mongondow society, said that the true reason behind the three previous expeditions to the Sarangani/Bilik region was to conquer the people living in the said region and annex the territory as part of the kingdom. As pointed out in the said rumors, the latest expedition led by the chief courtier Datu Tirukalkin Ginolantungan was actually a survey of every tribal domains that lived in the region of Sarangani/Bilik as sort of scrolled document for a hypothetical annexation of the said region. The explorer Tumotoibokat Manopo furiously reacted to the rumors that circulated in the capital, saying that the three previous expeditions to Sarangani/Bilik region hasn't have any hidden agenda as he wanted to investigate the region, particularly its geography, its people and their culture, after he actually heard a series of rumors before that some fishermen had been gone north and never heard again; he actually found them and their descendants in his first expedition in the coast, especially in the area surrounding the Bilik/Sarangani Bay. The explorer then explained that the intention of the latest expedition was to help the rest of the society to fully learn the region, its landscapes and the people living there. Finally, Tumutoibokat Manopo has indicated that the chieftain Datu Komasan Manopo had no intention to expand the territory of the kingdom.
​

November:

The delegation sent by the Sibugaynen monarchs Gat Tabunaway nog Guayan and Dayang Belembang nog Mipangi had arrived in the main port of Namayan, where they were formally received by the Minister of Ceremonies Gat Kaburaw Balaykatana. Upon their arrival in the throne room in the Kraton of Tondo, the Sibugaynen bureraucrats introduced themselves to the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya and the leader of the delegation Datu Makaumbang nan Talpokan presented their principal objective behind their stay in the royal palace complex: To learn the government system of the kingdom, particularly the works of the Council of State (Pened nan Kaharian) of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan; in fact, he presented a scrolled letter written by Gay Tabunaway nan Guayan (in, surprisingly, Luuk language) to the Haringadlaw sovereign, where the co-ruler of Sibugay said that he sent a delegation of bureaucrats to Tondo-Namayan in order to learn its form of government and return to their homeland to fully contribute to the reforming the form of government in Sibugay.

An ancient Sibugaynen maritime vessel​

December:

In the northwestern part of the Pan-ay peninsula, the Akeanon city-states became formally unified under the leadership of Datu Dinangandan it Anilawan, who until then was the ruler of the central Akeanon city-state of Bakan, who was then considered as the most powerful and most influential city-state in the region of Akean. In order to consolidate the unification of all Akeanon lands, the new monarch had invited some of the most important nobles in the surrounding city-states to live in the quarters surrounding the Kraton of Bakan, now considered the royal palace complex of the new nation-state. Nonetheless, the new Akeanon monarch retained the local autonomy of most towns and villages, who were until then were part of different city-states, whose leaders were also invited to live permanently in the Akeanon capital. Such series of events transformed Akean from a mere geographical expression in the northwestern part of Pan-ay peninsula into a unified nation-state governed from a centrally-located capital Bakan, ready to interact with its neighbors not just in the Pan-ay peninsula, but also in the rest of the archipelago as well.
​

NOTES:
[1] OTL: Passi, Iloilo

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

908 CE
​

January:

The chief emissary of the Samtoy Confederation Apo Lam-ang ti Balay-agama went to the personal quarters of the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya within the Middle Court of the Kraton of the royal capital Tondo in order to talk to the Haringadlaw sovereign about his planned visit to the northern town of Gatus-na-Kapok to study the royal mint and the process of making coins in general. In his visit to the personal quarters of the Tondo-Namayan monarch, the Samtoy chief emissary has explained that the principal leaders of his homeland has always been interested about coins and how to make it from the famed mint of Gatus-na-Kapok, so he's been requested to Gat Ama Perajaya that he should be permitted to go to the northern frontier town for such visit. For his part, the Tondo-Namayan monarch responded that Apo Lam-ang ti Balay-agama was permitted to visit the royal mint of Gatus-na-Kapok, as long as he was accompanied by a courtier.
​

February:

In the kingdom of Akean, Datu Dinangandan it Anilawan issued a special decree in which he formally instituted the standardization of the weights and measurements across the country. According to the courtiers within the Kraton in the Akeanon royal capital Bakan, the monarch was aware that neighboring nations not just in the Pan-ay peninsula, but also in other parts of the archipelago, have (and used) an identical, if not similar, system of weights and measurements, and had been observed that there were different systems of weights and measurements in every part of the country, so months before the proclamation of the decree, he summoned some of the members of the newly-unified bureaucracy to research and compare the different system of measurements in every Akeanon region, which they took them for more than a month and a half, and then they presented the results to Datu Dinanganan, who became the basis for the royal decree. As the said decree was now implemented across Akean, the people in almost all the regions has discovered that the weights and measurements that they used was, surprisingly, nearly identical and similar to their counterparts in their neighboring regions.
​

March-April:

In the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, the chief minister (Pangulu) of the kingdom Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan had personally written a scrolled letter to the Kumintang monarch Lakan Makisig ng Tumbaga, in which he indicated that the Council of State has decided that he would be invited in the Kraton of Tondo to talk about the possible reforms in the relationship between the kingdom and its vassal states (e.g. Kumintang, Nusang Sambal and Sisuan), particularly in some aspects. In the same scrolled letter, the chief minister has also indicated that they also informed his counterparts in the other two current vassal states had received their own copies of the scrolled letter sent by the Kumintang almost as year ago, in which he suggested that the councils of state of both Tondo-Namayan and the vassal states should cooperate in some aspects, particularly collecting taxes and internal defense, in order to create efficiency in the relationship between the vassal states and kingdom itself; the reaction of the monarchs of the other vassal states was said to be favorable. In effect, the monarchs of the vassal states, both current and future (e.g. Isarog and Kagsawa) had arrived in the Kraton of Tondo, where they personally met the Council of State (Pened nan Kaharian) of the Luuk-speaking kingdom, most especially the chief minister of the kingdom Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan. The meetings between the vassals, the members of the Council of State and the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya was held in the latter's personal quarters within the Kraton of Tondo's Middle Court for almost a month.
​

May:

In front of an audience in the throne room within the Kraton of the Mongondow capital Kotobangon, the chieftain Datu Komasan Manopo had clarified the principal reasons for the three previous explorations to the Bilik/Sarangani region in the southern part of the island of Mindanao: To establish trade links with the people living there, to explore the region itself and, for the first time, to confirm the rumors that the missing Mongondow fishermen had landed in the said region and raised families through their marriages to the local women in the coastal villages of the Bilik/Sarangani region, particularly in the bay of the same name, which was confirmed by the scrolled document sent by the explorer Tumotoibokat Manopo after his return from his first expedition to the Sarangani/Bilik region. In addition, the Mongondow chieftain has reiterated that the kingdom wouldn't expand its territory as the main reason behind the three previous expeditions.

A traditional (upper-class) Mongondow residence;
part of the Kraton of Kotobangon was inspired by its principal architecture​

​

June-July:

A herd of domesticated deer from the island-kingdom of Palaw-an had arrived in the central part of the island of Kalamian. Accompanied by the people who were trained to raise such livestock, a ceremony was held to commemorate the introduction of domesticated deer in the said island; for the part of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, the Crown Princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen represented her father, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya as the latter was current doing his duties and responsibilities in the Kraton of Tondo. It was already evident in the first few weeks of raising domesticated deer in the hinterlands of Kalamian that the people who were trained to raise and take care of such imported livestock were actually able to complement their current livelihood with other forms of agriculture like farming rice and vegetables, as well as raising other livestock like chicken and carabao.
​

August:

The chief emissary of the Samtoy Confederation in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan Apo Lam-ang ti Balay-agama went to the northern town of Gatus-na-Katok in order to study and observe the industry of coin making. Accompanied by a courtier personally appointed by the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya, the Samtoy diplomat asked the authorities responsible in managing the royal mint of Gatus-na-Kapok on the know-how on creating coins that was used in every transacting not just in the kingdom itself, but also in the rest of surrounding region, if not the most of the whole archipelago. After a week of staying in the northern frontier town of Gatus-na-Kapok, Apo Lam-ang ti Balay-agama returned to his personal quarter within the embassy of the Samtoy Confederation in the capital Tondo, where he wrote to the principal leaders of his homeland about his visit to the town of Gatus-na-Kapok, particularly in its well-known royal mint; in the said scrolled letter, the Samtoy chief emissary suggested that the principal confederal leaders would sent a team to the town located in the northern frontier of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan in order to learn the know-how of making coins.
​

September-October:

As emissaries from different parts of the archipelago, most especially from its neighbors in the Pan-ay island, came to the Akeanon capital Bakan in order to represent their respective nation-states in front of the monarch Datu Dinangandan it Anilawan in the latter's throne room in the Kraton of Bakan, rumors circulated within the royal palace complex said that the Akeanon sovereign was seriously thinking of establishing diplomatic relationship with the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan through the participation/intervention of its neighbor in the north, the kingdom of the Four Islands of Romblom, which was known as the southernmost domain reached by the influenced of the northern Luuk-speaking kingdom. The rumors also added that in a scrolled letter sent by the Hantikan monarch Queen Maniwantiwan to her Akeanon counterpart, the former reminded the latter that establishing diplomatic relations with both Tondo-Namayan and Rade Confederation could lead into a series of complex (and possibly tragic) events that could endanger the survival not just of their own kingdoms, but also of the rest of the immediate region. The said scrolled letter, alongside with a series of meeting with his adviser, led to the definite decision of Datu Dinangandan it Anilawan to establish the Rade Confederation, while at the same time consolidated its trade relationship with the trading community from Tondo-Namayan.
​

November:

In the Kraton of Tondo, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya has formally announced that the Council of State of the kingdom (Pened nan Kaharian) and its counterparts in the vassal states would indeed cooperate in certain aspects that they have in common like taxation and self-defense. The Haringadlaw sovereign had explained that such measure could improve the working relationship between the principal kingdom and the vassals. When the Sambal monarch Apu Aliahok nan Ulungbulud asked his overlord about the status of the so-called aspirant vassal states like the kingdoms of Isarog, Masbat and Kagsawa, Gat Ama Perajaya responded that he and some of the members of the Council of State, especially the chief minister of the kingdom (Pangulu) Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan, were seriously considering the acceptance of such domains as vassal states, mostly through the emissaries they've sent to the royal courts of the three domains. The royal proclamation was then written in scrolled documents and was distributed across Tondo-Namayan, both in the homeland and the vassal states.
​

December:

In her personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of the Sibugaynen capital Dipolog, the co-monarch Dayang Belembang nog Mipangi wrote a scrolled to her Tondo-Namayan counterpart Gat Ama Perajaya in relation to the bureaucrats who were sent to the Kraton of Tondo in order to study the government system of the Luuk-speaking kingdom. In the said letter, the Sibugaynen co-leader said that the bureaucrats headed by Datu Makaumbang nan Talpokan would stay in the Luuk capital for another period, which was believed to be for a year and a half; Dayang Belembang nog Mipangi has explained further that when she received the most recent scrolled letter from the scholars-bureaucrats, the latter has indicated they were translating books about governing the country in their language Sibugaynen in order to understand further such topic and, if necessary, pass the know-how to the next generation. The scrolled letter written by the Sibugaynen co-monarch ended with a simple reminder that the scholars-bureaucrats should take care of themselves. ​

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

909 CE
​

January:

In his personal quarters within the Kraton of Tondo, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya received scrolled letters from his emissaries in the royal courts of Isarog, Masbat and Kagsawa in relation to the offer of including their respective domains as vassal states of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. The scrolled letters sent by the royal emissaries shared the same arguments presented by the sovereigns of the three kingdoms: they would allow their own countries to be part of the larger kingdom if his daughter the current Crown Princess Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen would succeed the throne in the future. In a meeting with the chief minister of the kingdom (Pangulu) Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan days later after the Haringadlaw sovereign received the said letters, the chief ministers explained that the reason behind such assertion of the rulers of both Isarog and Kagsawa was the marriage of the Crown Princess to Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga, who was related somehow to the ruling clan of the kingdom of Kagsawa; Gat Tirugaruda Balaybakawan added that the royal court of Kagsawa were felt more comfortable when dealing with the Tondo-Namayan monarch's daughter, a thing that Gat Ama Perajaya should completely understand.
​

February-March:

From its origins in the groves within the temple complex at the foot of Bulud Arayat in the vassal state of Sisuan, white mulberry trees became widespread across the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, both in the heartland and in other vassal states like Nusang Sambal and Kumintang, as the Sisuan priests introduced the already-naturalized trees and planted groves in some acres within the lands surrounding the temples and shrines across the kingdom; the scrolled documents regarding the use of white mulberry, in which include the harvesting of its fruit and surprisingly, sericulture, was already translated to other languages, most especially. Some groves, especially at the temple complex at the feet of Bulud Talim, was planned to dedicate exclusively to a single use of the tree; in the case of Bulud Talim, to sericulture, which used the leaves of white mulberry (sang) to feed the silkworm until they transform into cocoons, in which they were the source of silk, a much more expensive material for clothing.

White mulberry fruit​

April:

In the throne room within the Kraton of the Akeanon capital Bakan, the monarch Datu Dinangandan it Anilawan has formally received the leaders of the Luuk-speaking trading community as indirect trade relationship between the two kingdoms had formally established. According to the rumors that circulated within the four corners of the royal complex, the Akeanon monarch explained the current geopolitical situation of Tondo-Namayan and Rade Confederation to the leaders of the Luuk-speaking trading community, in which he was forced to decide definitely to choose which side to recognize diplomatically; surprisingly, as the rumors continued, the Luuk-speaking trading community, who already been in Akean for years before the unification, had already knew of the existence of the Rade people and their confederation, who was said to speak a language very similar to the people from the north, almost sharing the same culture and traditions. Earlier, the kingdom of Akean established formal diplomatic ties with its larger neighbor in the south the Rade Confederation, while consolidating its indirect trade ties with the merchants from the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan through the kingdom of the Four Islands of Romblon.
​

May:

As confirmed by the scrolled letters that they've sent to the current monarch of the vassal state of Kumintang Lakan Makisig ng Tumbaga in the latter's personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Taal in the recent periods, the priests from the three principal temple complexes of the Kumintang people (Banahaw, Makiling and Makulot) had already raised a sericulture industry by using their own plantations of white mulberry trees. In the said scrolled letters, the priests from the ""three sacred mountains" had explained that the alongside the mulberry samplings, their Sisuan counterparts sent them a plentiful of silk moth eggs, which was necessary for setting up such an important industry as sericulture.

Silkworms eating mulberry leaves​

June-July:

The eldest son of the first unified monarch of the Four Islands of Romblon Datu Balibakhaw automatically succeeded his father as Datu Balanak Taubuhid wasn't able to perform his duties and responsibilities as the sovereign over the Four Islands of Romblon due to his long-term illnes. The younger Taubuhid continued the policies implemented by his father, albeit he introduced some measures that he believed could improve governance in the kingdom like the establishment of a permanent bureacracy and the council of state, which would aid the monarch in the day-to-day business of government. More than a week after the substitution, the elder Taubuhid died from complications related to his long-term illness; he was merely fifty-two when Datu Balanak passed away. As the news of the monarch's death spread throughout Romblon, thousand and thousands of people went to the shrines and temples across the country, praying for the soul of their beloved first monarch. In addition, the younger Taubulid had decreed that almost all activity within the Kraton of Inodiongan, the Romblomanen capital, shoild be curtailed. Almost a month after the death of Datu Balanak, his eldest brother was formally confirmed and crowned as the new monarch of Romblon in a ceremony held in the throne room of the royal palace complex in Inodiongan.​

​

August-September:

Being trained by the dancers and musicians from the Nusantaran kingdom of Mataram/Medang, which was complemented (and mixed) with indigenous musical tradition, the court dancers and musicians of the royal court of Tondo-Namayan had began to become well-known in the rest of the surrounding region as the emissaries of different nations were entertained by their exquisite artistry. Under the guidance of Dayang Kayumi Balaybakawan, the eldest daughter of the principal courtier Dayang Kayumi Tirumata, some of the members of the royal troupe of Tondo-Namayan had began to teach their counterparts in the kingdoms and confederations in the surrounding region, if not in most of the archipelago; the court dancers and musicians of the royal court of Tondo-Namayan had already trained their counterparts in the vassals states of Sisuan, Nusang Sambal and Kumintang.

"Serimpi"
One of the Javanese court dances adapted for the royal court of Tondo-Namayan​

October:

In the kingdom of Tolaang Mongondow, the chieftain Datu Komasan Manopo had issued a royal decree in which the traders from the country would be allowed to establish links with the communities in the region of Bilik/Sarangani, coastal and otherwise. In the said decree, the explorer Tumotoibokat Manopo would serve as the consultant in such matters as he had already established some links with the people living in the region, most especially those who lived in the area surrounding the Bilik/Sarangani Bay. The three previous expeditions to the said region located in the southern part of the Mindanao opened interest for the people of Bolaang Mongondow, especially for the maritime traders and for the families (and descendants) of the previously lost fishermen who actually formed their own families in the region of Bilik/Sarangani.
​

November-December:

After more than a two years of studying and observing in the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, the bureaucrats led by Datu Makaumbang nog Talpokan had finally arrived in the Sibugaynen capital of Sembuangan, where they've been formally received by the co-monarch of the kingdom Gat Tabunaway nog Guayan and Dayang Belembang nog Mipangi and the rest of the Sibugaynen royal court. The bureaucrats who returned from the northern Luuk-speaking kingdom was received triumphantly when they reached the Kraton of Sembuangan. Almost immediately, Datu Makaumbang nog Talpokan had collaborated with the co-monarchs to reform the government of the kingdom, especially when he was proclaimed the chief minister of the country, which gave him the power not just to advise the co-monarchs, but also to aid them in governing the daily affairs of Sibugay; the reforms that they proposed included the establishment of the council of state that would aid both the monarchs and the chief minister in the local affairs of the kingdom.​

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

910 CE
​

January-February:

In the Kraton of the Sisuan capital Bakulud, the monarch Apu Singsing had became seriously ill after he received the new members of the kingdom's council of state, most especially its chief minister Apu Akangkong nin Anakanito,in the throne room, which was located within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Bakulud. After he was confined to his personal quarters in the principal royal palace complex of the vassal state of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, the monarch was been advised by the priests-medics who came all the way from the temple complex at the foot of Bulud Arayat to take a rest from his responsibilities and duties as the sovereign of the kingdom, so Apu Singsing ceded his role as the sovereign of Nusang Sisuan to his eldest son, Apu Balatong, who immediately began to assume the roles his father had traditionally assume as the Sisuan monarch. As weeks had passed, the medical situation of Apu Singsing had began to deteriorate as the priests-medics were frantic to find a cure to the slowly worsening situation of the monarch. In effect,the chief minister of the vassal state of Tondo-Namayan Apu Akangkong nin Anakanito advised Apu Balatong to take over the duties and responsibilities of being the sovereign of Nusang Sisuan as the former believed that no matter what the medic-priests of Arayat had done their best to save the life of his father, the elderly Sisuan monarch would eventually pass away.
​

March:

An important scrolled letter from the principal leaders of the Samtoy Confederation had reached the quarters of its chief emissary Apo Lam-ang ti Balay-agama in the capital Tondo; it confirmed that they would sent a delegate of workers to the northern town of Gatus-na-Balay to learn the art of making coins from silver and coins. The scrolled letter also reiterated that the cowrie shells would still remain the principal medium of exchanging goods in the region; the coins would complement them, the principal leaders continued. Eventually, the Samtoy chief emissary went to the personal quarters of the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Tondo to inform the latter about the scrolled letter sent by the principal leaders of the Samtoy Confederation. The Haringadlaw sovereign responded that while he acknowledged the said document from the Samtoy leaders from the town of Bigan, he actually told the Samtoy chief emissary that the Council of State of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan had decided that the kingdom would sent some its best coin makers to different countries in the region in order to transfer the craft and technology to the people living there, specifically to the potential coin makers.
​

April-May:

After more than three months of agony, Apu Singsing ning Arayat had passed away in his personal quarters within the Kraton of the Sisuan capital Bakulud. He was sixty-two years of age. Reigned for over thirty-one years, the recently-deceased Sisuan monarch had played an important part in participating and resolving the civil war that engulfed the Luuk-speaking lands after the fall of the confederation; he was the ally of Gat Ama Perajaya nan Haringadlaw, the man who eventually lead the unification of the Luuk-speaking lands under the latter's rule as the monarch of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. Internally, the monarch was responsible for the flourishing of Sisuan culture, particularly its literature as he encouraged writers and poets to stay in their quarters within the Outer Court of the Kraton of Sisuan; in fact, Apu Singsing was the first sovereign of the vassal state of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan to import court dancers and musicians from the Kraton of Tondo in order to train their Sisuan counterparts the two important audiovisual arts of the Tondo-Namayan royal court, where it was influenced by Nusantara, particularly from the kingdom of Mataram/Medang. Automatically, the crown prince (and until then, the regent) Apu Balatong had succeeded the throne of Sisuan as its new monarch. As the news of Apu Singsing's death has reached every corner of the Sisuan territory, the people responding by going to the shrines and temples in every town and village, offering prayers for the soul of the recently-deceased monarch. After almost a month of official mourning, in which included the curtailing of official activities within the Kraton of Bakulud, festivities have held in every corner of the Sisuan territory as the people celebrated the enthronement of Apu Balatong as their new monarch; the ceremony itself was not just attended by the principal leaders of the Sisuan society and the members of the kingdom's council of state, but also representatives of different countries, especially Tondo-Namayan; in fact, Gat Ama Perajaya himself attended the said ceremony.

Bulud Arayat
(Bunduk Arayat)​

June:

Within the corridors of the Outer Court of the Kraton of Tondo, the chief minister (Pangulu) of the kingdom Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan had explained to the chief emissaries of the neighboring kingdoms and confederacies about the new policy of the kingdom regarding on the skills of coin making. Accompanied by his fellow members of the Council of State, Minister of Ceremonies Gat Kaburaw Balaykatana and the Ministry of Treasury Gat Koratnam nan Apubalaybatu, the chief minister said that by sending some of the best coin makers from the northern town of Gatus-na-Kapok into the different countries surrounding the kingdom would benefit more for the host countries than they would send some people to the frontier town, in which Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan believed was costly. Meanwhile, it was now clear not just within the four walls of the Kraton of Tondo that such new policy was actually proposed by the Minister of Treasury Gat Koratnam nan Apubalaybatu after a period of his observation in the town of Gatus-na-Balay.
​

July-August:

The monarch of Tondo-Namayan Gat Ama Perajaya has now learned that the embassy of the Chola Empire in the royal capital Tondo had financially contributed to the near-completion of the reconstructed and refurbished temple complex at the foot of Bulud Talim, the most sacred mountain among the Luuk-speaking people and one of the principal destinations for pilgrims not just within the immediate region, but also in some parts of the archipelago as well; in fact, the chief priest (Punung Kiyai) Gat Apubanui nan Haringadlaw has confirmed in his personal scrolled letter to his elder brother that the Chola chief emissary Madhavan Maalolan Sethuraya had contributed "a certain amount of gold coins from his homeland" for the completion of the reconstruction of the Bulud Talim temple complex. The contribution of the Chola embassy was more than evident in the architecture as the elements influenced by the Chola temples added to the basic structure of the temple complex, which remained Nusantaran-influenced. In his private meeting with the Haringadlaw sovereign in the latter's personal quarters within the Middle Court of Kraton of Tondo, the Chola chief emissary admitted that he donated a vast sum of money for the temple reconstruction, saying that he personally wanted the temple complex to be inspired by Vijayalaya Cholivaram[1] complex back in his homeland.

Vijayalaya Cholivaram
​

September:

In the throne room within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Taytay, the current Palaw-anen monarch Tungkuyanin had received the emissaries of the Khmer Empire as the two kingdoms had formally established their diplomatic relationship after generations of trade between the two countries. The chief emissary of the Khmer Empire in Taytay Gouch Damrong offered a gift to the Palaw'anen monarch and his queen Dayang Mayari nan Haringadlaw, which were actually exquisite pieces of jewelry made from the finest jewelry makers employed by the Imperial Household in the Khmer capital Nanggar. The formal establishment of diplomatic ties between the Khmer Empire, then a great power in the Indochinese peninsula, and the island-kingdom of Palaw-an, a not-so-minor monarchy in the western end of the archipelago, was significant enough to be noticed by the island-kingdom's neighbors, particularly Tondo-Namayan; however, rumors circulated within the Kraton of Taytay that the ultimate goal of the Khmer Empire was actually the northern Luuk-speaking mandala monarchy, noticing of its growing influence to the rest of its immediate region.
​

October:

Immediately after he received a roll of silk cloth from the his Kumintang counterpart Lakan Makisig ng Tumbaga in his personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Inodiongan, the current Romblomanon monarch Datu Balibakhaw Taubuhid became more curious about the silk production, and possibly the production of mulberry within the island-kingdom, especially when he learned from the Kumintang merchants that an industry had already existed in their homeland, more specifically in the temple complexes located in the three most sacred mountains of the Kumintang people, including the merchants themselves: Makiling, Makulot and Banahaw. According to the courtiers who were working within the principal Romblomanon temple complex, Datu Balibakhaw had already written a personal scrolled letter to his Kumintang counterpart in relation both to silk production, which accompanied with its own textile industry, and mulberry harvesting. In fact, the courtiers continued, the current monarch of the Four Islands had contemplating of sending a delegation of workers to Kumintang for a period to learn such trade, accompanied with eggs of silk moth and mulberry seedlings; as both Romblon and Kumintang were vassal states of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, a personal permission from the Kraton of Tondo wasn't necessary.
​

November-December:

Rumors circulated among the tribal leaders and nobility within the Kitanglad Confederation that the current overlord Datu Kugita hu Bugabus was planning to transform the confederation into a unified, consolidated kingdom just like the kingdom of Butuan in the east; some of the leaders and nobles within the eight tribes viewed such rumor with positively, others remained neutral and a lot feared such possibility, fearing that the transition into a unified territory under a monarch would lose their privilege and power that the currently enjoyed under the current political system. In response, the overlord wrote a personal scrolled letter to every tribal leader and heads of the tribal nobility, in which he reiterated that the possibility of transforming Kitanglad into a unified territory under a monarchy would only depend on their consensus; Datu Kugita also reassured that the autonomy of the eight tribal territories would remain if the monarchy would become a reality. Copies of the overlord's scrolled letter were sent and distributed into their intended recipients as Datu Kugita summoned scholars and scribes from his palace in the confederate capital Lantapan to standardize the common writing system that was used by the Kitanglad ethnolinguistic groups.

​

NOTE:
[1] OTL: Vijayalaya Choleeswaram

​

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

911 CE
​

January:

The chief emissary of the Khmer Empire in the island-kingdom of Palaw'an admitted before the monarch Tungkuyanin that the principal objective of the imperial court in his homeland was to establish formal diplomatic relationship with the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. As a guest in the personal quarters of the Palaw'anen monarch within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Taytay, Gouch Damrong explained that the imperial court back in the capital Nanggar was truly impressed of the rise of the northern Luuk-speaking kingdom and its influence on its immediate region; in fact, the chief emissary of the Khmer Empire revealed that there was a plan within the imperial court to open up an embassy in Tondo-Namayan. Being the son-in-law of the current Tondo-Namayan monarch Gat Ama Perajaya, the Palaw'anen monarch had assured Gouch Damrong that he would inform either his father-in-law or even his sister-in-law, the heiress to the throne of Tondo-Namayan Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen, in which he did through a scrolled letter immediately after their meeting with the Khmer diplomat.
​

February:

Almost a month after the meeting between the chief emissary of the Khmer Empire in the island-kingdom of Palaw'an Gouch Damrong and the Palaw'anen monarch Tungkuyanin, the monarch of Tondo-Namayan Gat Ama Perajaya received a scrolled letter from his son-in-law regarding the proposed establishment of the diplomatic relations between the two kingdoms. From his personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Tondo, the Haringadlaw sovereign learned from the scrolled letter about the conversation between the Palaw'anen monarch and the Khmer diplomat, in which the latter revealed the real intention of Nanggar as they try to establish new partners in the archipelago, especially the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. Immediately after reading the said scrolled letter, Gat Ama Perajaya summoned his chief minister Gat Tirugaruda Balaybakawan and the Minister of Ceremonies Gat Kaburaw Balaykatana not just to confirm such information, but also to analyze it. On the next few weeks, meetings were held in the personal quarters of Tondo-Namayan monarch to analyze the latest developments in the possibility of establishing formal diplomatic relations with the Khmer Empire.
​

March:

After the festivities in relation to the celebration of the New Year, there was another reason to celebrate in both side of the Tikaw Pass as the so-called "twin temples" in the coast of the kingdoms of Masbat and Kagsawa, both of whom were vassal states of the northern kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, had already completed after several years of construction. As a result of the completion of such an important temple for both Masbatnons and Kagsawanon peoples, a couple of ceremonies was held in the two principal coastal towns of the Tikaw Pass: Tikaw[1] in the Masbatnon side and Donsol in the Kagsawanon side of the pass. Accompanied by the respective local rulers of both vassal states (Gat Tanggigi san Natadkugita and Datu Mabanggi ka Daraga), the ceremony was personally attended by the current Minister of Ceremonies of the Luuk-speaking kingdom Gat Kaburaw Balaykatana in the Masbatnon side, as well as by the Crown Princess of Tondo-Namayan Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen in the town of Donsol in the southeastern vassal state of Kagsawa. The twin temples of Tikaw Pass was dedicated to the local water deity Tubigan and the whale sharks, locally known as butanding, believed to be the messengers of the water god.

Tubigan water temple[2]​

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April-May:

As ordered by the overlord of the Kitanglad Confederation Datu Kugita nog Bugabus from the Kraton of confederate capital Lantapan, groups of scholars and scribes had went to the four corners of the confederation in order to study and research the existing writing systems that were used by the eight principal tribes that made up the confederation; based on their observations, the scholars and scribes wrote that the writing systems, all of which were syllabaries of either Meluhan of Tamil/Chola origin, were mostly similar, albeit there were some variations and differences. The research took them for almost two months. Upon their return to the capital, the scholars and scribes presented scrolled documents before the overlord, where they wrote their observations and research on the said subject.​

​

June:

In his personal quarters within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Tondo, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya received a scrolled letter from his son-in-law, the Palaw'anen monarch Tungkuyanin, in which he confirmed through the chief emissary of the Khmer Empire in the island-kingdom's capital Taytay Gouch Damrong that the imperial court at the Khmer capital Nanggar would indeed sent an embassy to the capital of the Luuk-speaking kingdom as the diplomatic relationship between the two monarchies, both mandala states in their own right, were to be established. Through the scrolled letter sent by the his son-in-law, the Haringadlaw sovereign learned that the diplomatic representation that Nanggar would be sending to Tondo-Namayan was personally picked by its recently-enthroned monarch Harshavarman, who reportedly impressed by the achievements of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan while he was still the heir to the Khmer imperial throne. Weeks after the said letter, the embassy of the Khmer Empire had arrived in the principal port city of Namayan, where the chief emissary Gouch Mun was received by the chief minister of the kingdom (Pangulu) Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan and the Minister of Ceremonies Gat Kaburaw Balaykatana. Upon their arrival in the throne room in the royal palace complex, Gouch Mun presented himself before the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya; curiously, the chief emissary of the Khmer Empire in Tondo-Namayan (Gouch Mun) was the sibling of Gouch Damrong.
​

July-August:

In the Akeanon capital Bakan, the monarch Datu Dinangandan it Anilawan received a scrolled letter from the chief minister (Pangulu) of the northern kingdom of Tondo-Namayan Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan, in which the latter suggested that the some of the leaders of the Luuk-speaking trading community would serve as the de facto chief emissary of the Luuk-speaking kingdom in the Kraton of Bakan. In the said letter, which was written in Luuk language, the chief minister explained that it was ordered by the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya through the advise by the rest of the members of the council of state (Pened nan Kaharian) of Tondo-Namayan, who understood the current geopolitical reality of not just the nation-states of the island of Pan-ay, but also of the surrounding regions within the Visayan islands, which at the moment doesn't know neither the existence of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan nor the striking similarities between the Luuk and Rade peoples, especially their language. Immediately, the Akeanon monarch responded to the scrolled letter, saying that he was open to such suggestion. As weeks has passed, bureaucrats from the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan had visited the Luuk-speaking trading community to talk with the principal community leaders to talk and inform about the proposal presented from the Kraton of Tondo. In the end,the bureaucrats selected Apo Anakanayup nan Putingkapuk, one of the known leaders within the Luuk-speaking trading community, as the de facto chief of the northern kingdom in Akean.
​

September:

From the throne room within the Kraton of the Masbatnon capital Uson, the Crown Prince and the current regent of the island-kingdom (and vassal state of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan) Datu Butandingan san Natadkugita had confirmed through a special proclamation that his father, the current monarch of Masbat Gat Tanggigi san Natadkugita has passed away in personal quarters within the Inner Court of the Kraton of Uson, surrounded by the rest of the Masbatnon royal family. In the same proclamation, which was then distributed to the rest of the island-kingdom through scrolled copies, Datu Butandingan had highlighted some of the most important events that marked the thirty-three-year reign of Gat Tanggigi in the Masbatnon through, which included the end of hostilities with the neighboring kingdom (and fellow vassal state) of Kagsawa through the direct diplomatic intervention of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan. As the said news had reached every corner of the island-kingdom, which was read either through their local chieftains themselves or through their messengers (umalohokan), the common folk had paid homage to their recently-deceased monarch by praying for his soul in the local temples and shrines across Masbat. Meanwhile, the resident of the capital Uson had visited the temples across town for the same attention, especially after visiting the remains of Gat Tanggigi in the Main Hall within the Middle Court of the Kraton of Uson. Just like his predecessors in the Masbatnon throne, Gat Tanggigi san Natadkugita was buried in the family burial chamber within the temple complex near Bulud Uwak, the highest (and most sacred) mountain in Masbat.

The majestic Masbatnon mountains​

October:

In the island-kingdom of Buglas, the monarch Datu Kalantiyaw sang Asugi formally announced that he would marry the younger sister of the monarch of the neighboring kingdom of Magahat Datu Mabanglis sa Tigbawan. Through a decree that was written within the Kraton of the Buglasnon capital Binalbagan, the monarch, who was already a widower when he unified the Buglasnon territory under his rule eighteen years ago, explained that he found Dayang Haliya nan Tigbawan as his ideal bride, as he believed that he was attracted not just by her physical beauty, but also by her simplicity and intelligence, having previously served as binukot and one of the assistant priestess of the temple complex at the foot of Bulud Kanlaon. In addition, Datu Kalantiyaw also said his children had already approved of his relationship with the Magahat princess, most especially the current heir to the throne Datu Pahulangkug, who already understood that the upcoming marriage of his father to a member of Magahat royal family would never affect his position within the throne. The people of Buglas reacted to such news through festivities that celebrated the upcoming marriage of their monarch, as well as offering prayer to the shrines and temples across the kingdom.
​

November-December:

In the eastern coastal town of Lampon, Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga received a scrolled letter from the neighboring prison island of Pulilu, in which it informed that one of its prisoners, Lakan Tirumalakas Dalanglangit, died from severe case of dysentery in his residence, surrounded by his family he had formed while in the prison island; the scrolled letter also said that the original family of the so-called "rebel noble" from Kumintang wanted to return his body (or at least his burial jar) back in his own homeland. Immediate, the spouse of the heiress to the throne informed his father-in-law about the death of the Kumintang noble. Meanwhile in the Kraton of Kumintang capital Taal, Lakan Makisig ng Tumbaga also received the scrolled letter from the island of Pulilu, and immediately convened the council of state to talk and discuss the possible repatriation of the corpse of Lakan Tirumalakas Dalanglangit (or at least its burial jar) back to Tayabas, his hometown. Weeks after, however, both Gat Tungaw nan Haringadlaw-Daraga and the Kumintang monarch, the latter through his chief minister Lakan Mapulon ng Batangas, learned that the spouse of the noble-prisoner in Pulilu, Mayaparpati nan Alifambang, was actually a prostitute who was previously arrested for poisoning the spouse of a chieftain back in her homeland; as a result, a dispute between the two families over the body (and inheritance) of Lakan Tirumalakas Dalanglangit had began.

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NOTES:
[1] OTL: San Jacinto, Masbate
[2] The picture that depicted as Tubigan water temple is actually the Balinese temple of Tanah Lot.

 

[ramones1986]

Chapter I
Gat Ama Perajaya
(885 - 920)

912 CE
​

January:

For weeks, the monarch of Tondo-Namayan Gat Ama Perajaya has complained of his health due to his advanced age and the stress of governing the whole kingdom alongside the Council of State, so he was advised by the priests-medics who were brought from the temple complex at the foot of Bulud Talim to take a rest for a few weeks and limit his capacity as a ruler of Tondo-Namayan until his health was fully restored. In effect, his eldest daughter Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen, who was the heiress to the throne of Tondo-Namayan, went to the Kraton of Tondo and began to assume responsibilities and duties of a regular monarch, in which include meetings with the Council of State, most especially with its leader, the chief minister (Pangulu) of the kingdom Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan. Nonetheless, Gat Ama Perajaya still gave advise to his daughter on the affairs of the states from his personal quarters in the Middle Court of the royal palace complex. It took almost three weeks for the monarch to fully recuperate his health.
​

February:

The chief priest (Punung Kiyai) of the temple complex at the foot of Bulud Talim was still weighing on what should be done on the mulberry groves that were grown within the gardens and farms around the temple complex; Gat Apubanui nan Haringadlaw was still weighing on the decision if the mulberry bushes would be used exclusively for harvesting fruits and distribute it to the general populace or using its leaves for the developing sericulture like in other temples within the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, most especially in the upland areas. As the weeks has gone by, guided by his fellow priests, the Punung Kiyai began to weigh in the decision on using the mulberry groves; the fact that the groves were relatively large and well-maintained led to the definite decision of Gat Apubanui nan Haringadlaw that the mulberry groves would be used for both sericulture and its fruits: The leaves and stalks would be used as a fodder for the silkworms, while the fruits would be distribute to the general population through the shrines and temples across the country, both in the Luuk-speaking heartland and the vassal states; in the succeeding weeks following the celebrations of the New Year, mulberry fruits from the Bulud Talim temple complex began to appear in every corner of the country, while the sericulture industry began to flourish significantly.
​

March:

A week after the festivities in relation to the celebration of the New Year, the current Romblomanon monarch Datu Balibakhaw Taubuhid had personally the returning group of workers who received training in relation to silk production and harvesting mulberries in the neighboring region of Kumintang as the latter had arrived in the port of the island-kingdom's capital Inodiongan. In addition, the said group of workers had brought with them, alongside rolls of silk, samples of mulberry seedlings and silkworm eggs, like what was planned in the previous agreement between the two vassal states of the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, which was sealed almost a couple of years ago: The sending of the said group of workers to Kumintang for learning the process of silk production had, in fact, coincided by the construction of the silk production factory within the principal temple complex of the island-kingdom of Romblon: the temple of Garang[1], located almost near the base of the eponymous highest Romblomanon mountain.

Mount Garang
(Bulud Garang)​

April:

In response to the persistent rumors surrounding the true health of the monarch of Tondo-Namayan and the issue of succession, Gat Ama Perajaya personally reiterated from the throne room of the Kraton of Tondo that he temporarily retreated from his official duties and responsibilities as the sovereign of the kingdom at the advise of the priests-medics from the Bulud Talim temple complex for almost three weeks. The Haringadlaw sovereign also said that the law of succession would still remain the same, saying that his daughter, the Crown Princess (Kuntung Muda) Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen has done an excellent job of assuming the duties and responsibilities of a monarch, something that she would use regularly in the near future. The words of Gat Ama Perajaya quickly spread to every corner of the kingdom, both in the Luuk-speaking heartland and the vassal states, through a scrolled document quickly dispelled the rumors and the preoccupation about the health of the current monarch and the issue of succession.
​

May-June:

In the Kraton of the Akeanon capital Bakan, the monarch Datu Dinangandan it Anilawan wrote a scrolled letter to his Tondo-Namayan counterpart Gat Ama Perajaya, saying that he needed to import some of the latter's famed court musicians and dancers. The Akeanon monarch has explained in his scrolled letter that he learned from Apo Anakanayup nan Putingkapuk that the court entertainers (that is, both dancers and musicians) from the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan were well-known in its immediate region for its artistry and the ability to combine the influences of Mataram/Medang and native musical tradition, resulting in an authentic court music and dance that was appreciated not just within the kingdom of Tondo-Namayan, but also in the neighboring kingdoms and confederacies within its region; Datu Dinangdanan had admitted in his scrolled letter that was curiously intrigued by the reputation of the court entertainers. At the same time, he also wrote same scrolled letters to his counterparts in Hantik (Queen Maniwantiwan sang Malandog), Palaw'an (Tungkuyanin I Kuaybulud), Buglas (Datu Kalantiyaw sang Asugi) and Magahat (Datu Mabanglis nan Tigbawan), offering the same proposal as he had done with Gat Ama Perajaya. Almost a month later, some of the cultural performers from all five kingdoms had arrived in the Akeanon royal palace complex and presented themselves before the monarch. The transformation of Akeanon court entertainment had already begun.​

July:

The Akeanon monarch responded to the inquiry asked by his own courtier regarding the absence of the cultural performers from the Rade Confederation to train their local counterparts in the Kraton of Bakan. Datu Dinangandan it Anilawan explained that the current political structure of the Rade lands, which was a confederation of various city-states, doesn't allow a court culture to thrive to the same level as their royal counterparts, although the Akeanon monarch had immediately clarified that every Ede-Jarai city-state have their own court entertainers, both musicians and dancers, but he believed that there were no current attempts to synergize them as he postulated that every Rade city-state jealously protected their musical and performing tradition. The presence of the cultural performers from the northern kingdom of Tondo-Namayan attracted curiously among the courtiers of the royal palace complex, who were usually accustomed to the presence of the Rade people.

Rade[2] guardian anito
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August:

In the Kraton of Atipulu, the Crown Princess admitted before some of her principal courtiers that she was still worried on the health of his father, the monarch Gat Ama Perajaya. Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen explained that despite assurances from the priests-medics from Bulud Talim that the health of his father would still maintain as it was before, she believed that because of the advanced age of Gat Ama Perajaya, that assurance would be evaporated quickly because she believed that the overall health of his father would decline in the near future. According to the courtiers at the royal palace complex in the town of Atipulu, the Crown Princess wanted to relocate to the principal Kraton in the capital Tondo in order to be closer to her father and prepare for the succession in the near future alongside her own family once Gat Ama Perajaya passed away.
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September:

In the Buglasnon capital Binalbagan, a decree personally written by the monarch Datu Kalantiyaw sang Asugi in relation to the issue of succession to the throne of the country was published and distributed to the rest of the kingdom from the Kraton of the Buglasnon royal capital. In the said decree, Datu Kalantiyaw said that the order of succession would remain the same as it was at the time of the unification of all Buglasnon-speaking domain under a single monarchy, thus the position of his eldest son by his first wife Datu Pahulangkug as the heir to the throne would be secured definitely. The decree was written to dispel rumors about succession a month after Dayang Haliya nan Tigbawan gave birth to a daughter, also named Haliya, in her personal quarters in the royal palace complex of Binalbagan.
​

October:

The current Kagsawanon monarch Datu Mabanggi ka Daraga was found unconscious by a courtier while personally attending the former's personal quarters within the Inner Court of the Kraton of Kagsawa. Almost immediately, the resident court priests-medics were called to attend the still-unconscious monarch, who were beginning to show signs of weakening health due to his advanced age. After days of careful observation, the resident priest-medics had formally advised that Datu Mabanggi should refrain from his duties and responsibilities as the monarch of the kingdom of Kagsawa (and overlord of Albay Confederation) for at least a month, or more. In relation to the current condition of the current Kagsawanon monarch, his eldest son Datu Langiton, who was obviously the heir to the kingdom's throne, was assigned as the regent of the kingdom of Kagsawa, temporarily assuming the duties and responsibilities traditionally assigned to his father until Datu Mabanggi ka Daraga's health was fully restored.
​

November-December:

The monarch of Tondo-Namayan Gat Ama Perajaya received a scrolled letter from the Akeanon capital Bakan, in which it informed that the monarch of the said kingdom Datu Dinangandan it Anilawan and Dayang Inangbulud Balaybakawan, one of the court dancers sent to the western Visayan kingdom, would be betrothed in near future; the reaction of the rest of the royal court to the said news was immediate, as he assigned his chief minister (Pangulu) Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan and the Minister of Ceremonies Gat Tirugaruda nan Balaybakawan to write a scrolled letter of response to Apo Anakanayup nan Putingkapuk, who served as the unofficial chief emissary to Bakan, to confirm such information about the royal betrothal; weeks after, the Kraton of Tondo received a scrolled letter from the merchant-diplomat, who confirmed the news of betrothal between the Akeanon monarch and the younger sibling of Dayang Kayumi Balaybakawan, the patron of the royal performers of Tondo-Namayan. As a result, Gat Ama Perajaya sent both Dayang Kayumi and his daughter the Crown Princess (Dayang Katangkuntu Inangpen) to the kingdom of Akean to attend the ceremonies of betrothal and marriage between Datu Dinangandan it Anilawan and Dayang Inangbulud Balaybakawan.



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NOTE:
[1] OTL etymology: Mount Giting-giting, the highest in the island-province of Romblon.
[2] That's actually Jarai, who lived in OTL southern Vietnam.

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