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Map of South America
And here's South America.
The northeast coast is largely former plantation colonies (Suriname and Evenaar of the Netherlands, Guyana and Maragnan of France, Trinidad of Britain). Palmares was formed by escaped slaves and unlike OTL managed to survive here by playing the Dutch and Portuguese against each other / acting as a buffer between them. Brazil is still a monarchy, Grao-Para was part of it for a bit but split off again as an independent republic after the Cabanagem. The Spanish-speaking countries became independent similarly to OTL along with a successful Quechua and Aymara rebellion forming Antisuyu at the same time. Nueva Granada was able to balance between centralism and federalism better than in OTL and therefore stayed united. The opposite happened in Argentina and the unitarians of La Plata and the federalists of the Federal League of Free Peoples (also called Gaucheria) stayed separate; the latter admitted the Rio Grande and Juliana Republics after they rebelled against Brazil and therefore became bilingual. Paraguai started off as a Spanish speaking country but went even further with the embrace of Guarani than in OTL and eventually made it the sole official language,hence the different spelling. The British colonized Patagonia, which is now a bilingual English-Welsh (thanks to the Welsh settlement of Y Wladfa) Commonwealth realm, and helped the Mapuches of Araucania maintain their independence from Chile and La Plata as a buffer. Acre was contested by all of its neighbors during the turn-of-the-20th-century rubber boom and in the confusion ended up as an independent bilingual-Spanish-Portuguese republic. Chiloe Island, as the last royalist holdout in the Spanish American wars of independence, remains a Spanish overseas territory.
The two countries with the biggest populations and therefore the two main powers are Nueva Granada and Brazil, unofficial leaders of the Spanish and Portuguese blocs respectively. As in OTL the northeast is largely African-descended (and in some parts Asian-descended), the Andes are largely indigenous-descended, and thesouthern cone is largely European-descended (except for Araucania).