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[1] – Tippicanoe was elected by Congress after the Whig gambit to deadlock the college to prevent Martin Van Buren's election succeeded, and attempted to pass Whig economic plans, including the reinstatement of the National Bank. However Harrison's presidency was dominated by foreign policy, with the Canadian Revolutions and the Canadian War for Independence breaking out mostly because of Harrison's support for the rebels. The Chartist Revolution in Britain essentially guaranteed an American victory in the war, which saw the Canadian republics granted independence under American guidance, and the Maine and Columbia borders set to the maximum American claims. During this time the Texan War for Independence break out to the nation's south, and the Texan government lobbied the Federal Government for annexation, but Harrison decided to leave the issue to the winner of the 1844 Election.
[2] – James Buchanan was elected mostly on the unpopularity of John Tyler, who while stating he was in favor of Texan annexation was painted by Buchanan as being for it solely for political gain. He passed the Texan annexation bill with minimal riding bills, to which the Mexican government responded by moving troops to what they considered the border, the Pecos River. The American government responded by moving its troops to the border, which was shortly followed by a skirmish, and an American declaration of war. The Mexican-American War resulted in the Treaty of Buenavista, which ceded to America the Mexican States of Chihuahua, Tejas, Las Californias, Nuevo Mexico, and Sonora. It also granted the independence of the nations of the Rio Grande Republic and the Yucatan under American guidance. But despite victory in the war, Buchanan was not able to help the Panic sweeping the nation's banks and was unable to gain reelection.
[3] – Winfield Scott, Old Fuss and Feathers, was elected on his wartime noteriety as well as via the virtue of not being James Buchanan. He led the nation through a period of peace that had been missed over the last decade, and enacted much legislation that would further the Whig Party's power.
[4] – Charles Sumner was elected President on the back of President Scott's endorsement, and pretty well stayed the course set about by his predecessor. This ran into issues with the Platte-Platte Act, which would have allowed territories to decide for themselves whether or not they had slavery, which essentially destroyed the Compromise which had kept the peace between Slave and Free States for so long. President Sumner vetoed this act, wishing to maintain the hard line between slave and free states, causing Vice President Houston to resign and run against the President in 1860, splitting the Whig vote between Sumner's “National” Whigs and Houston's “Opposition” Whigs.
[5] – Governor Fitch was elected because the Whig vote was split, and quietly passed the Platte-Pawnee Act soon after he entered office. But tensions began in his own party after he seemed to still want to limit the power of slaveowners, vetoing the Fugitive Slave Act. This left him the victim of his own party split, with the Southron Democrats splitting off with their own candidate in 1864.
[6] – Governor Seward of New York led a coalition of the Liberty Party and National Whigs to victory in 1864, promising to keep slavery only in territories that had up to that point already voted for slavery, or below the Compromise Line. This began a crisis that would eventually cause a civil war, with the southern states seceeding as the Southron Republic. Seward would oversee the war utilizing many new inventions such as the Morse Wire, and the Pierce Gun to devastating effect. However the war would still last 6 long years, being surpassed in its ferocity only by the Second Civil War.
[7] – The 1868 saw the codification of Seward's coalition of Northern Whigs and Liberty Party members into the National Union Party alongside the Peace Democrats, the party that came to dominate what became known as the Third Party System. Seward would die of a stroke, but the party he created would outlive him by four decades, but in that time it would almost completely escape his intent.
[8] – Chase set the course that the Union Party was to take for the rest of its existence, spoils politics, laissez-faire economics, and tight control of the nation's consciousness. Chase would remain a popular figure in the party's leadership until his death.
[9] – The so-called Second Era of Good Feelings was characterized by rampant robber barons ruling the economy with an iron fist, a falling power of the legislative branch, and intense corruption in the Federal government, including a runaway spoils system, blatant vote manitpulation, and otherwise shady deals best exibited by President Tweed.
[10] – The 1892 Presidential Election has been forever looked back upon by historians and psephologists alike as the great harbinger for Things To Come. The Populist Labor Party of Henry Teller won a majority of the popular vote, but through mass bribery, the National Unionists managed to gridlock the college. Henry Teller then died a week before the House contingent election under suspicious circumstances, and Custer waltzed to a comfortable election.
[11] – Cannon led a Presidential campaign of a coalition of the various left-wing parties that had emerged over the past half-century, and led this coalition to a [bare] majority of the electoral votes, only being put over the edge by a faithless elector from Maryland. However Cannon was overthrown in a coup by General James Pershing and his Patriot League, and was killed in the struggle.
[12] – Pershing's coup led to a second Civil War, pitting Victor Chaney's Coalition for Freedom, and August Simmons' Second Southron Republic against Pershing and his Patriotic Council. The war came to an end four years later with Pershing killed by a partisan sniper in Chicago, which laid the foundation for the American Interconstitutional Era, as well as the secession of Chaney's Western Republic, and Simmons' SSR.