Since there no Genocides by the Ottoman Empire then it would be interesting to see what happened into the 20th Century.Likely the Armenian and Greek populations of Anatolia, as well as the Assyrian populations of Urfa would be preserved as well, since the Genocide was undertaken under the cover of WW1
There’s one thoughts that I will like guys: The Migrates In Ottoman Empire and Someone in the Demographic of No TLWW talking about it
There is potential for the demographic situation of the Middle East in particular to be significant different from that of our world. Essentially, there are too options: the Ottoman Empire either collapses from internal strife and/or the stress of another Balkan war, opening up much of its territory to seizure by European colonial powers (which comes with the real risk of triggering a global conflagration unless some conference is organized to partition the land in a relatively organized fashion)... or it does not, and the empire survives with more or less its 1914 borders up to the present.
In the event that the Ottoman Empire does not totally collapse, what would happen to the empire's various Christian minority groups? Now, there had been several notable massacres of Armenians in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, but absent the First World War, would would the government have organized anything as wide and deadly in scope as the Armenian Genocide, as well as the concurrent genocides organized against the empire's Greek and Assyrian populations? Of course, even if they do not, there is always the possibility that economic, social, and political pressure would lead to many of these Christians immigrating to the United States, Latin America or elsewhere, in much the same way that a disproportionate number of the Syrians and Lebanese who settled in America came from their homeland's Christian community.
Now, if the Ottoman Empire manages to hang around for just a few more decades, they could potentially exploit the massive oil reserves found in their Arabian territories, but this would lead a demographic transformation of the region not dissimilar from our own timeline. The various Persian Gulf states are home to large non-Arab populations nowadays, many of them workers in the oil extraction industries. Indeed, in some of these countries South Asians and others outnumber the local Arab population. In a world where the Ottoman Empire still existed, where would these workers have been brought in from? Would they have drawn from the labor pool within the empire, both Turkish and non-Turkish (Kurds, Armenians, etc.)? Or would they have also sought to recruit a massive number of people from overseas, and if so, where from?