Eine Veränderte Welt: A Changed World

1952 United States presidential election; The 22nd Amendment: An overview
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The 1952 United States presidential election was the 40th quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 4, 1952. This was the first presidential election following the Second Constitutional Convention (1949-1951), thus being the first presidential election that had a direct popular vote for president since the passage of the 22nd Amendment which changed the process, among other things, for electing the president and vice president. This would be the first election that required a contingent election for president since 1825, and a contingent election for vice president since 1837. Incumbent President John Nance Garner was defeated by his vice president, Henry A. Wallace, making Wallace the second incumbent vice president in U.S. history to successfully challenge and defeat the incumbent president in a presidential election after Thomas Jefferson defeated John Adams in the 1800 election.

The popularity of President Garner had steadily fallen throughout his term. He maintained support in the Democratic-Progressive alliance by supporting the Second Constitutional Convention and electoral reform. Garner's moderate and compromise approach to the Second Reconstruction, especially with southern leaders, resulted in the Progressive leaving the alliance and challenging the Democrats in 1952. Garner maintained the military governorships in every state, much to protest to both leftist and southern civil governors and politicians. Garner attempted negotiations to reunite with the Pacific States and New England, but neither the Pacific States nor the New England states voted to reunite in referendums that were held in 1947.

With the collapse of the Democratic-Progressive alliance, much of the leftist parties had now fractured even more. While the Federal and Republican party's united to form the Federal Republican party. Both the Democrats and Federal Republicans advocated increased participation in foreign affairs and interventionism, especially in the Americas, when it's to maintain U.S. interests. The Socialist Labor party officially renamed their party, slightly, to the Social Labor party to further disassociate with the more radical socialists that were still conducting, but minor, attacks against military forces nearing the end of the Jacquerie period.

The Second Constitutional Convention was called to dramatically reform the U.S. Constitution following the 1948 election, especially MacArthur's Rebellion. Many Federal leaders after the Second American Civil War attempted to return to the United States governance before the civil war and the 1936 election, but the continual militant attacks from both socialists and nationalists of the Jacquerie period after the surrender of the Longist government and collapse of the Pelley government since 1945 showed most politicians the necessity to dramatically amend the Constitution. The Convention ratified the 22nd Amendment which changed the election process for the president, largely abolishing the Electoral College for directly electing the president and vice president and replacing it with a direct popular vote. If no candidate achieves over 50% percent of the popular vote the top two candidates advance to a contingent election to elect the president and vice president.

President Garner and Vice President Wallace, along with their running mates, would advance to the contingent election after both gained the most votes in the general election. Wallace would gain a majority in the House Electoral College, defeating president Garner. While Wallace's running mate, North Dakota civilian governor Norman Brunsdale of the Nonpartisan League, was defeated by Estes Kefauver, the running mate of Garner and a senator for Tennessee, in the Senate Electoral College. This is mainly due to Garner/Kefauver winning more states than Wallace/Brunsdale. With Kefauver as vice president and the Senate not in the Progressive alliance control, Wallace and the Progressives were unable to implement much of their social welfare reforms until the Senate was won by the Progressive alliance after the 1954 midterm elections. Wallace would become the first elected president to not be a Democrat or Republican since Zachary Taylor was elected in 1848 as a Whig.

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Electors voting methods by the state in the 1952 U.S. contingent election

Winner-take-all: In the case of a contingent election this states' electors are to vote for the candidate that won the most votes in that state, if the candidate that won the most votes in the state in the general election doesn't advance to the contingent, the electors are to vote for the candidate that is endorsed by the vote winner.
Percentage-based: State legislatures appoint a percentage of their electors as close to the popular vote percentage of each candidate. These electors are pledged to the said candidate, for those candidates that don't advance to the contingent their electors are unpledged and can vote for either candidate, but can vote based on the endorsement by the candidate they were originally pledged to.
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The Second Constitutional Convention: 4 July 1949-4 July 1951

Newly admitted states: (3 July 1951)
- Lincoln
- Rio Grande
- Sequoyah
- Columbia [District of], technically not a state but has the territorial and governmental status as if it were one
- States to represent more conservative and rural regions in the Senate and to compromise with the increased voting suffrage and desegregation in the southern states. Sequoyah is admitted to represent Native Americans.
- The states of Idaho, Montana, Oklahoma, and Texas agree to alter their states' borders to accommodate the new states

The 22nd Amendment: An overview
- Every citizen has the right to vote so long as they are constitutionally eligible and have not taken action against the law or Constitution.
- The presidential and vice presidential term is to begin on January 30, along with the Congress.
- A general election for president is held every 4 years on the first Tuesday after the first Monday of November.
- The president will run on a joint ticket with a vice presidential candidate of their choosing.
- The general election, and any voters throughout the country for any election, is to have universal suffrage for all citizens that are over 18 years of age by the day of the election, and those who are not or formally imprisoned.
- The general election is a direct popular vote nationwide, with the presidential ticket which received over 50% of the popular vote becoming the president-elect and vice president-elect.
- In the case that no presidential ticket is able to achieve over 50% of the popular vote in the general election a contingent election is to be held between the top 2 popular vote earners in the general election.
- The contingent election for president and vice president is, if necessary, to be held on the last Tuesday of November.
- Each states legislature is to select the electors for the Electoral College for the contingent election, and are responsible for the laws that govern their states' electors.
- Electors aren't to be in employment, service, or under the pay of any level of the United States or states government and are eligible to vote.
- The Electoral College consists of the Electoral College for the House [of Representatves] and the Electoral College for the Senate.
- The House Electoral College consists of electors from each state, with each state allocated a number of electors that are the same as that states' House of Representatives apportionment, its responsibility is to vote for president.
- The presidential candidate that receives the majority of electors in the House Electoral College becomes the president-elect.
- The Senate Electoral College consists of electors from each state, with each state allocated 2 electors to match their states' senatorial apportionment, its responsibility is to vote for vice president.
- The vice presidential candidate that receives the majority of electors in the Senate Electoral College becomes the vice president-elect


[1] The States’ Rights party electors abstained, their votes aren’t counted but are shown on the map.
 
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View attachment 711836The 1952 United States presidential election was the 40th quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 4, 1952. This was the first presidential election following the Second Constitutional Convention (1949-1951), thus being the first presidential election that had a direct popular vote for president since the passage of the 22nd Amendment which changed the process, among other things, for electing the president and vice president. This would be the first election that required a contingent election for president since 1825, and a contingent election for vice president since 1837. Incumbent President John Nance Garner was defeated by his vice president, Henry A. Wallace, making Wallace the second incumbent vice president in U.S. history to successfully challenge and defeat the incumbent president in a presidential election after Thomas Jefferson defeated John Adams in the 1800 election.

The popularity of President Garner had steadily fallen throughout his term. He maintained support in the Democratic-Progressive alliance by supporting the Second Constitutional Convention and electoral reform. Garner's moderate and compromise approach to the Second Reconstruction, especially with southern leaders, resulted in the Progressive leaving the alliance and challenging the Democrats in 1952. Garner maintained the military governorships in every state, much to protest to both leftist and southern civil governors and politicians. Garner attempted negotiations to reunite with the Pacific States and New England, but neither the Pacific States nor the New England states voted to reunite in referendums that were held in 1947.

With the collapse of the Democratic-Progressive alliance, much of the leftist parties had now fractured even more. While the Federal and Republican party's united to form the Federal Republican party. Both the Democrats and Federal Republicans advocated increased participation in foreign affairs and interventionism, especially in the Americas, when it's to maintain U.S. interests. The Socialist Labor party officially renamed their party, slightly, to the Social Labor party to further disassociate with the more radical socialists that were still conducting, but minor, attacks against military forces nearing the end of the Jacquerie period.

The Second Constitutional Convention was called to dramatically reform the U.S. Constitution following the 1948 election, especially MacArthur's Rebellion. Many Federal leaders after the Second American Civil War attempted to return to the United States governance before the civil war and the 1936 election, but the continual militant attacks from both socialists and nationalists of the Jacquerie period after the surrender of the Longist government and collapse of the Pelley government since 1945 showed most politicians the necessity to dramatically amend the Constitution. The Convention ratified the 22nd Amendment which changed the election process for the president, largely abolishing the Electoral College for directly electing the president and vice president and replacing it with a direct popular vote. If no candidate achieves over 50% percent of the popular vote the top two candidates advance to a contingent election to elect the president and vice president.

President Garner and Vice President Wallace, along with their running mates, would advance to the contingent election after both gained the most votes in the general election. Wallace would gain a majority in the House Electoral College, defeating president Garner. While Wallace's running mate, North Dakota civilian governor Norman Brunsdale of the Nonpartisan League, was defeated by Estes Kefauver, the running mate of Garner and a senator for Tennessee, in the Senate Electoral College. This is mainly due to Garner/Kefauver winning more states than Wallace/Brunsdale. With Kefauver as vice president and the Senate not in the Progressive alliance control, Wallace and the Progressives were unable to implement much of their social welfare reforms until the Senate was won by the Progressive alliance after the 1954 midterm elections. Wallace would become the first elected president to not be a Democrat or Republican since Zachary Taylor was elected in 1848 as a Whig.

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Electors voting methods by the state in the 1952 U.S. contingent election

Winner-take-all: In the case of a contingent election this states' electors are to vote for the candidate that won the most votes in that state, if the candidate that won the most votes in the state in the general election doesn't advance to the contingent, the electors are to vote for the candidate that is endorsed by the vote winner.
Percentage-based: State legislatures appoint a percentage of their electors as close to the popular vote percentage of each candidate. These electors are pledged to the said candidate, for those candidates that don't advance to the contingent their electors are unpledged and can vote for either candidate, but can vote based on the endorsement by the candidate they were originally pledged to.View attachment 711834
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The Second Constitutional Convention: 4 July 1949-4 July 1951

Newly admitted states: (3 July 1951)
- Lincoln
- Rio Grande
- Sequoyah
- Columbia [District of], technically not a state but has the territorial and governmental status as if it were one
- States to represent more conservative and rural regions in the Senate and to compromise with the increased voting suffrage and desegregation in the southern states. Sequoyah is admitted to represent Native Americans.
- The states of Idaho, Montana, Oklahoma, and Texas agree to alter their states' borders to accommodate the new states

The 22nd Amendment: An overview
- Every citizen has the right to vote so long as they are constitutionally eligible and have not taken action against the law or Constitution.
- The presidential and vice presidential term is to begin on January 30, along with the Congress.
- A general election for president is held every 4 years on the first Tuesday after the first Monday of November.
- The president will run on a joint ticket with a vice presidential candidate of their choosing.
- The general election, and any voters throughout the country for any election, is to have universal suffrage for all citizens that are over 18 years of age by the day of the election, and those who are not or formally imprisoned.
- The general election is a direct popular vote nationwide, with the presidential ticket which received over 50% of the popular vote becoming the president-elect and vice president-elect.
- In the case that no presidential ticket is able to achieve over 50% of the popular vote in the general election a contingent election is to be held between the top 2 popular vote earners in the general election.
- The contingent election for president and vice president is, if necessary, to be held on the last Tuesday of November.
- Each states legislature is to select the electors for the Electoral College for the contingent election, and are responsible for the laws that govern their states' electors.
- Electors aren't to be in employment, service, or under the pay of any level of the United States or states government and are eligible to vote.
- The Electoral College consists of the Electoral College for the House [of Representatves] and the Electoral College for the Senate.
- The House Electoral College consists of electors from each state, with each state allocated a number of electors that are the same as that states' House of Representatives apportionment, its responsibility is to vote for president.
- The presidential candidate that receives the majority of electors in the House Electoral College becomes the president-elect.
- The Senate Electoral College consists of electors from each state, with each state allocated 2 electors to match their states' senatorial apportionment, its responsibility is to vote for vice president.
- The vice presidential candidate that receives the majority of electors in the Senate Electoral College becomes the vice president-elect


[1] The States’ Rights party electors abstained, their votes aren’t counted but are shown on the map.
Well, I need to say that it's very well made wikibox! nice to see some new states.
 
2022 Cascadian House of Representative Election
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The 2022 Cascadian House of Representative Election was held on 10 May 2022. No political party achieved a majority in the election. The Conservative party won a plurality of seats in the House, only 14 seats from a majority. Incumbent Prime Minister Bill Gates III decided not to run for reelection after serving for nearly 19 years since 2003. The Social Democratic Party (the merger of the Democratic, Labor, and Green parties) lost 26 seats in the election. Without a party achieving a majority negotiations between the parties would occur; a single party hasn’t attained a majority since the implementation of the Mixed-Member Proportional (MMP) in 2007.

The Social Democrats had formed in 2020 under the leadership of prime minister Bill Gates III. The two years prior to the election he had experienced immense public controversy due to his divorce from his wife Melinda and his accusations of corruption. All resulted in the dramatic fall in popularity of the Social Democrats and the splintering and reformation of the Green party. Support for the Conservatives, which have served in official opposition since 2003, and the Republicans grew during this time.

The Conservatives under the Electoral Reform and Representation Act have the first right to form a government as the plurality party within a month following the election. If failing to do so the second-largest party (the Social Democrats) has two weeks to do the same. After that period but before two months after the election no governing coalition is made the Governor-General is reserved the right to call new elections, with simple majority support from the Senate, or “compel parties into a coalition for a minimum of one year.”
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[a] Out of the Voting Age Population (VAP).
Previously served as the leader of the Green party prior to the merger of the Social Democrats in 2020.

2022 Results.png
 
View attachment 743389The 2022 Cascadian House of Representative Election was held on 10 May 2022. No political party achieved a majority in the election. The Conservative party won a plurality of seats in the House, only 14 seats from a majority. Incumbent Prime Minister Bill Gates III decided not to run for reelection after serving for nearly 19 years since 2003. The Social Democratic Party (the merger of the Democratic, Labor, and Green parties) lost 26 seats in the election. Without a party achieving a majority negotiations between the parties would occur; a single party hasn’t attained a majority since the implementation of the Mixed-Member Proportional (MMP) in 2007.

The Social Democrats had formed in 2020 under the leadership of prime minister Bill Gates III. The two years prior to the election he had experienced immense public controversy due to his divorce from his wife Melinda and his accusations of corruption. All resulted in the dramatic fall in popularity of the Social Democrats and the splintering and reformation of the Green party. Support for the Conservatives, which have served in official opposition since 2003, and the Republicans grew during this time.

The Conservatives under the Electoral Reform and Representation Act have the first right to form a government as the plurality party within a month following the election. If failing to do so the second-largest party (the Social Democrats) has two weeks to do the same. After that period but before two months after the election no governing coalition is made the Governor-General is reserved the right to call new elections, with simple majority support from the Senate, or “compel parties into a coalition for a minimum of one year.”
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[a] Out of the Voting Age Population (VAP).
Previously served as the leader of the Green party prior to the merger of the Social Democrats in 2020.

Interesting times for Cascadia ahead!
 
[NEW] Presidents and Vice Presidents of the United States and Federated States
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[a] Died in office of natural causes.
[b) President died, succeeded to the presidency.
[c] Served in an acting capacity, therefore not counted as an official president.
[d] Stimson, as Secretary of State, succeeded President Curtis following his death under terms of the Presidential Succession Act of 1886, 24 Stat. 1.
[e] MacArthur and Eisenhower, as military generals, aren’t officially seen as presidents or even acting presidents in a technical capacity given their method for achieving office through the idea of Military-Democratic Interventionism. Unlike Stimson, both are considered “Commander-in-Chief” by historians and governmental institutions.
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[a] Resigned from office.
 
View attachment 743757
[a] Died in office of natural causes.
[b) President died, succeeded to the presidency.
[c] Served in an acting capacity, therefore not counted as an official president.
[d] Stimson, as Secretary of State, succeeded President Curtis following his death under terms of the Presidential Succession Act of 1886, 24 Stat. 1.
[e] MacArthur and Eisenhower, as military generals, aren’t officially seen as presidents or even acting presidents in a technical capacity given their method for achieving office through the idea of Military-Democratic Interventionism. Unlike Stimson, both are considered “Commander-in-Chief” by historians and governmental institutions.
View attachment 743756
[a] Resigned from office.
I love this reworked list! A lot of effort was put into making it.
 
2007 Idaho panhandle region status referendum
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The 2007 Idaho panhandle region status referendum was a binding referendum held on 1 May 2007 in conjunction with the 2007 federal election, on the question of whether the counties that were occupied and integrated into Cascadia that were a part of the U.S. state of Lincoln be either absorbed into the newly created Cascadian states of Lincoln or Idaho. Voters decided to join the new Cascadian state of Lincoln.

Following the referendum and under the State Admittance Act of 2007 the panhandle counties would be admitted along with other former Washington counties as the state of Lincoln on 1 December 2007 at the same time as the former U.S. state of Idaho.

Background
During the collapse of the United States, the Gates government decided to occupy the U.S. states of Idaho and the counties of the state of Lincoln that were west of the Rockies. This was largely due to the fear of famine and lack of government stability in those regions as the U.S. federal government at the time began to lose control over the states. With assistance requested by Idaho Governor Butch Otter and Lincoln governor Kathleen Sims, prime minister Gates with approval from governor-general Ron Sims ordered the Cascadian National Guard into the region on 3 March 2006.

At first, both the U.S. government still under president Ron Paul and the recently declared independent Montana objected to the occupation. But both lacked the political or military power to effectively deter the Cascadians, the two would cease their formal complaint after the Spokane Agreement was reached later in 2006.

After the occupation, the former state of Idaho would largely administrate itself, with protection, financial, and food assistance from the Cascadian federal government. But since the Lincoln counties weren’t under the administration of its former capital, Missoula, there were only the county and municipal governments that held any control in the panhandle. Thus the panhandle counties would be largely administered by the federal government, to the residents' disdain. Once the Spokane Agreement officialized Cascadia’s occupation and annexation of the region, federal plans to admit the region as states would begin.

Since much of the country's founding, both Cascadian states of Washington and Oregon had secession movements from their eastern counties to form their own states, Lincoln and Jefferson respectively. Seeing the opportunity the Gates government planned to partition both states, admitting Jefferson, Lincoln, and Idaho as new states. But since the panhandle wasn’t economically viable as its own state both the federal government and the general public in the panhandle overall supported the region to join either Lincoln or Idaho. Thus the Gates government called for a federal election and a series of referendums for 2007, including a referendum determining which state the panhandle would join following their admittance.

County Results
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2007 Idaho panhandle region status referendum.png
 
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[NEW] List of Prime Ministers of Cascadia
PMs of Cascadia.png

The office of prime minister in the Commonwealth of Cascadia is considered the most politically powerful in the country, only comparable in political influence to the governor-general. The prime minister's main responsibility is to govern domestic policy as head of government, while the governor-general represents the state largely with foreign policy as chief executive and head of state. The prime minister is a member of the Executive Cabinet and heads any meetings. The Cabinet consists of appointees by the governor-general through the recommendation from the prime minister, through custom the governor-general appoints essentially all of the prime ministers' recommendations.
 
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Soviet Union: Wikibox
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.png
The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1945 to 2022. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of six national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized for most of its history. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Minsk (Byelorussian SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over 20,219,240 square kilometers (7,806,692 sq mi) and spanning nine time zones. Following the 2022 Soviet coup d'état the country ceased to exist as the All-Russian Provisional Government was put in its place.

Following the June Revolution, Russia’s provisional government transformed into the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, a communist state under its leader Vladimir Lenin. Contending with Russian White forces and Germans for its early years, culminating in the cessation of hostilities with both in the Treaty of Kharkiv in 1921. Following Lenin’s death in 1927 Lev Trotsky would succeed him as paramount leader, implementing a dictatorship and later pushing for communist revolutions around the world. Once the Second World War began in Europe the Russians invaded much of German Europe retaking much of their former lands in Eastern Europe. They would also recapture much of Siberia and the Russian Far East held by remnant White forces during the war. Fighting against both the Bellicists and Japanese made the Russians largely surrounded by hostile states, but they were able to hold them back, and eventually, with the cooperation of the Entente and Allied Powers they would defeat the Bellicist Powers by 1946. In 1945 Trotsky would proclaim the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) to integrate better and represent the newly occupied and annexed lands following their occupation of much of Eastern Europe.

During the Silent War, the Soviets would supply allied communist forces around the world in various proxy wars in order to spread their influence and global communism. Although after the death of Trotsky and the ascent of new leadership this push for global communism and support for communist parties in Western states would end, the Soviet Union would remain the greatest political adversary to the West and the most powerful country in the world. Developments in nuclear and space technology allowed for the Soviets to remain in this position for most of the Silent war.

Economic stagnation, political instability, and their global influence waning resulted in their international relevance diminishing and the West being able to be more of a challenging adversary against the Soviets. Economic and political reforms in the 1990s alleviated many of these issues, but the various factions within the CPSU would hamper any further reforms by the early 2000s. Public frustration by the lack of economic and political reform by the end of 2006 would result in the Second Russian Civil War, largely due to the collapse of Soviet client states in Europe, economic recession, and the harsh crackdown on public protests against the Soviet government.

Democratic, rebel states, and Russian nationalists would begin to fight against the Soviet government for the next 5 years. But the Soviets would manage to defeat all groups which attempted to overthrow the government. Many of the problems that caused the civil war still remained, and the factional infighting didn’t result in any changes besides the dominance of the national socialists and the hardliners. The lack of government confidence and authority would see the return of public protests and calls for political reform known as the Blue Revolution. This revolution would result in the 2022 Soviet coup d'état by a group of moderates and reformists in the Soviet government and military. They declared the end of the Soviet Union and the implementation of the All-Russian Provisional Government.

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[a] Russian became the official language of the Soviet Union during Shcherbytsky’s Common Soviet Identity Policy, removed in the Constitution of 1999.
As Chairperson of the Council of Ministers.
[c] As General-Secretary of the Communist Party.
[d] As President of the Soviet Union.
[d] Unicameral.

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Soviet Union: The Central Committee
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The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the chief administrative and leadership body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). It was responsible for electing the chair, or premier, of the Soviet Union who would head the Council of Ministers which governed the various departments of the Soviet government, acting between sessions of Congress. According to party statutes, the committee directed all party and governmental activities. Its members were elected by the Party Congress. The Central Committee was dissolved following the 2022 Soviet coup d'état.

Although not a government body it was considered the most powerful political organization in the Soviet Union gave it selected most of the various positions in the Soviet government, especially the Council of Ministers which made up the government. Following the Constitution of 1945 and 1999, the CPSU was constitutionally integrated as the sole legal party of the Soviet Union. Membership, although not required for citizenship or employment, offered many benefits such as government supported pensions, healthcare, public housing, and voting rights under the 1999 Constitution. The Central Committee as the chief administrative body of the party was headed by the general-secretary. The influence and the reach of the party lost much of its influence during the Yakovlev years but returned under hardliner and national socialist leadership.
 
Soviet Union: List of Paramount leaders, Troikas, and Presidents
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The Paramount Leader of the Soviet Union was an informal position that is assigned to someone that is perceived to be the most politically powerful person in the Soviet government. The paramount leader was generally selected by the Central Committee, the chief administrative body of the Soviet Union which contained members of powerful offices. The person selected by the Central Committee then became chair of the Council of Ministers, the heads of the various departments of the Soviet government.
List of Troikas png.png

Troikas were a group of three high-ranking members of the Soviet government and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union that ruled over the country during their existence. These troikas occurred during times of political instability and no single person was able to attain a high enough position and standing to solely be the paramount leader of the Soviet Union. Although an unofficial body, troikas have occurred at least 5 times in history while there are several occasions where troikas weren’t formed but there still remained a lack of political stability and two people held large sway in the Soviet government or a single person achieved paramount leadership but still lacked support to fully hold on to the position.
Presidents of the Soviet Union.png

The President of the Soviet Union was legally the highest ranked political position in the Soviet Union, but following the 2001 Soviet power struggle the office lost most of its influence as the paramount leader returned to whoever was chair of the Council of Ministers. The president was indirectly elected by the public, with voters selecting party representatives to vote on their behalf on certain presidential candidates in the presidential election. The president was a member of the Central Committee and was commander-in-chief of the Soviet armed forces.

Under the 1999 Constitution, a candidate required the endorsement of at least one-fifth of the Soviet of the Union in order to be on the ballot. Only members of the CPSU would be able to vote. Members could also vote none of the candidates on the ballots, in the case that these votes were more than the highest vote winning candidate the selection of a president would be up to the Central Committee nominating at least two candidates but no more than 3 to the Soviet of the Republics in which they would vote on those candidates until one reached a majority in which they would be elected president. Each republic had a set number of electoral commissars that would vote for the candidates for president, whoever earned a majority of commissars would be elected. If no candidate achieved a majority then the Soviet of the Republics would vote by round until a single candidate gained a majority.
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[a] As premier of the Soviet of the Republics Stepashin served as acting president until Gorbachev was elected by the same body.
 
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