3 December 1940. Chertsey, England.
Major-General Vyvyan Pope, Director of Armoured Fighting Vehicles, had come to see what progress Sir John Carden was making with the Vickers A23E1 mild steel prototype, known in the firm as Victor. The prototype had quite a task on its hands as it had to test out the combination of new suspension, new gears and new engine, as well as the new 3-inch gun and its turret. Having had the final drawings approved in May, Carden quite pleased with the way things were going. The finished wooden mock-up had been examined and passed, so work had begun in putting together all the various parts.
In the workshop, the hull and turret were ready to have all the other parts fitted. Designed with the equivalent of 4 inches of armour on the front and 3.5-inches on its sides, the sloped design to keep the weight down, had taken what Carden had done on the hull of the A10 to a new level.
Meadows were diligently working on an engine based on the Rolls Royce Peregrine, and they were making good progress, but Carden still believed it would need a Victor Mark II before it was reliable enough and available in sufficient numbers. He had however, deliberately designed the engine compartment to be able to take it when it was ready. Near the hull on a workbench, waiting to be inserted, was the Perkins improved diesel Lion. Charles Chapman at Perkins, with a bit of help from Harry Ricardo, had managed to improve its performance up to 425hp at 2200rpm, and the torque had improved too. Carden had hoped for over 15 hp per ton, but at around 35 tons, but he was only around 12hp at the moment, though the torque made up for this to an extent. The Meadows Peregrine would hopefully take it up to nearer where he wanted it to be. He still believed that despite being heavier than the Valiant, it would be capable of at least the same 20-24mph speed.
Pope could see the difference of allowing the Victor to exceed the limitations of the British rail gauge limit. At 10 feet wide it had allowed a 66-inch turret ring. Looking at the turret, designed for the 3-inch gun was, as he had seen with the wooden mock-up, it was still fairly roomy for the crew to work and fight. If, as expected the first batch of Victors were armed with the 6-pdr gun, then it would be very roomy indeed. The gun development continued apace, and the Vickers gun department was sure that it would be ready to go into production at the same time as the tank. Being prepared to start production with the 6-pdr was just in case it wasn’t.
Working with Sydney Horstman on an improved suspension system to deal with the weight and speed of the new tank had been finalised as what they were calling a ‘Horizontal Volute Spring Suspension’. It had successfully been demonstrated on an old A10 prototype, and Pope could see around the workshop the various parts of the tank’s suspension were already made, just waiting to be fitted. Carden explained that getting them made had been fraught, but eventually Vickers had found the right kind of sub-contractors who were up to the task of supplying the various parts, especially the springs themselves, and then put it altogether.
The basic reason why the prototype wasn’t yet built was because of the gearbox. David Brown Ltd was building Ted Merritt’s design, but there were teething problems. The work that was being done at Brooklands using a Valiant hull to test the system had been going well, but with any new technology, it took time to iron out the bugs. The last thing Sir John Carden wanted was to send off his prototype for it to simply breakdown at the first hurdle. The first couple of gearboxes that had been delivered to Vickers weren’t up to spec. David Brown Ltd were having the same problems that Vickers had had with the new suspension. The sub-contractors were moving into areas of manufacture that they were unfamiliar with, especially in relation to mass production and product quality control. A new gear box was expected in a couple of days, and that would have to be double and triple checked before being put into the tank.
Pope reminded Carden that he’d promised that the prototype would available for testing at the end of 1940. Carden looked around the workshop and the team of engineers working at full tilt, and thought that he might just about be able to keep to that promise. There was still 29 days left before the end of the year, but, being honest, he’d like to have the prototype in the company’s own test area to put it though its paces for a couple of weeks to check it for any glaring and obvious faults before sending it to Farnborough. He reckoned that if the men working on it were offered a couple of extra days holiday around Christmas, then they’d be motivated to put it together by then. Barring any major problems, Carden was sure that it could be delivered to Farnborough not long into the New Year.
On the train home Pope reflected on his journey around three firms. He’d been to Birmingham to visit Nuffield to check on their progress to the A15. They were doing well, fixing the problems identified at the testing in Farnborough. The production models would start appearing in late January, if all went well. That would mean Armoured Regiments would be able to deploy with it later in the summer. Thankfully there were enough Valiant Mark I* being built, as otherwise the A15 would have been rushed into service without sorting out its problems. As a replacement for the A13MkII it was certainly an improvement, with almost an extra half an inch armour, though with the same gun unfortunately. Pope thought against the captured Panzer III it would be at least equal, certainly faster. The problem would be if the Germans improved their Panzers in the light of the fighting in May and June. If they put a better gun on it and improved its armour, which it certainly could take, then A15 would fall behind, as it already had fallen behind the Valiant Mark I*.
When Pope had asked about increasing the armour to at least 2-inches, three would be better, and fitting the 6-pdr gun, the Nuffield men had been evasive, if not downright dismissive. Realistically they’d have to go back to the drawing board and come up with a new tank. The Liberty engine was already near enough its maximum limit, with no real room to improve. A follow on to the A15 had been discussed, but the design team weren’t much further beyond outline sketches, the engine being the key problem. The Christie Suspension would also have to be improved to take the greater weight; the Wilson gearbox would also likely need upgraded.
Pope had also visited Luton to visit Vauxhall to check up on their A22 design. The first prototype was nearing completion, maybe a couple of weeks ahead of Vickers Victor. As an assault tank to cross a no mans land covered in shell holes and then cross deep trenches, it would have been perfect in 1917. To take on Panzer Divisions, it was, well, lacking. Designed still for the 2-pdr, the turret ring too small for upgrading, the engine at 350hp trying to push something the best part of 40 tons would make the Matilda II look like a thoroughbred. Just as with Carden’s Victor, the new gearbox was going to be great when it was working properly, and the armour was just as thick, but solid, no attempt had been made to slope it in any way. The 3-pdr tank howitzer in the hull, with the 2-pdr in the turret, all of it just seemed, regressive.
At least it wasn’t as bad as Stern’s monstrosity at Lincoln. Pope had taken written to the Minister of Supply to plead for it to be cancelled and the money spent elsewhere. No answer had been received beyond an acknowledgment of receipt of his letter.
NB text in italic is OTL, just to confuse you. Since most of this is ATL I thought the ordinary text would be easier to read. As time goes on, and events differ, this will be the more common system for noting differences.
I'm trying to be fair about the state of British industry taking time to get up to speed and quality. It'd be lovely to have the American capacity to design tanks, build factories and put tanks into production as quickly as they did, but that was unique to themselves and their own economic and political history. OTL the expansion of British industry producing lots of unreliable tanks because of the terrible circumstances, will be reduced a bit. I'm presuming that the Valiant (and Victor), like OTL Valentine will be considered reliable, the drivers in Vickers are the same. Vauxhall and Nuffield are still doing what they did. Competition with Vickers will hopefully improve their tanks over OTL, certainly not rushing them as they did.
I know the temptation from our perspective is just to cancel them and build Valiant/Victors. I don't think the Ministry of Supply will put all their eggs in one basket yet, but presumably fewer Crusaders (~5300) and Churchills (~5600) will be built.